个体基因型

Johannsen experimented with the Princess bean and found that if the self-fertillzing parent plants were from a mixed population, then selection did indeed work. He described the offspring of single parent as a ' pure line ' and stated that they were genetically identical. In 1905 he coined the terms ' phenotype ' to describe the outward appearance of an individual and ' genotype ' to describe the genetic makeup of an individual.

约翰逊用菜豆做实验，结果发现：如果自体受精的亲本植株来自一个混合群体，那么选择确实是有效的，而被称为"纯系"的单亲后代则表明它们在遗传上是一致的。1905年他首次采用"表现型"来描述某一个体的外观形状，用"基因型"来描述某一个体的遗传组成。

The major gene genotype of individual F 2 and F 2:3 was classified into according to their posterior probability.

对F2 个体和F2·3 家系的主基因基因型分类作了估计。

There was a significant difference in the overall genotypical distribution between the patients and the controls (P0.05). The risk of suffering from PD was increased 3.8 times in the individuals with T allelic genotype of NQO1 gene.

基因型分布在PD和对照组之间差异有显著意义（P.05），带T等位基因的个体患PD的风险增加3.8倍。

The data byχ~2 were consistent with the separation ratio as 1: 2: 1 χ~2=4.028＜χ_(0.05,2~2=5.99, which further conformed that glandless character was controlled by a incomplete dominance gene, Gl_2~e. 2. SSR markers every about 5cM were selected in the chromosome 12 of our lab genetic linkage map to screen the parent plants. The markers with the polymorphism were used to amplify the DNA of 210 F_2 segregating plants selected randomly and recorded the marker genotypes. After eliminating the segregation distortion markers byχ~2 test, other SSR markers were detected by linkage analysis.

二、参照本实验室海陆种间遗传连锁图谱第12染色体上的SSR标记，平均每5cM左右选择一个标记进行亲本多态性的筛选，筛选出具有多态性的标记位点进一步扩增随机抽取的210个F_2群体单株的DNA，鉴定每个个体的标记基因型。X~2检测剔除偏分离标记后进行连锁分析，发现Gl_2~e基因位于CIR362与NAU5079之间，进一步参考图谱上位于CIR362与NAU5079之间的标记加密图谱，最终将其定位在CIR362和NAU2251b、NAU3860b、STV033之间。

It might be due to the increase during pregnancy in folate uptake capacity via altered hormone regulation. In pregnant women without folate supplement, levels of folate metabolites varied, which was associated with genotypes of MTHFR, MTR, MTRR, ALDH1L1, and AMT. The 5FoTHF/5,10CHTHF ratio is relatively low in pregnant women carrying heterozygotic SNPs of MTHFR, MTRR, ALDH1L1 genes. It may be as a maker for evaluating genetic effects on folate maintenance.

在未服用叶酸的受试者中，叶酸代谢途径的MTHFR、MTR、MTRR、ALDH1L1、AMT等基因型对於叶酸各代谢物的浓度均有显著性影响，而5FoTHF/5，10CHTHF在MTHFR、MTRR、ALDH1L1的5个SNP中发现具变异型配子的受试者有比值较低的趋势，可以作为单纯评估个体受到来自於基因型层面影响的依据。

A gene can have many alleles and individuals can have a homozygous or heterozygous genotype.

一个基因可有许多等位基因，而个体可有纯合或杂合的基因型。

This paper pointed out that the essential of geoherbs is continuers quantities variation at population level, geoherb's populations are different in gene frequency with the others'; geohersm are quantitative trait loci controlled by multi-gene or combination with multiple-gene and major gene at individual level.

指出道地性的遗传本质在居群水平通常是个量变的过程，它与种内其他非道地药材区别主要表现为居群内基因型频率的改变；在个体水平表现为微效多基因控制的数量遗传，或是微效多基因和主基因联合控制的数量性状。

The tested results showed that the substitution mutation of Intron 17 was found in white pigs, including Wuzhishan pigs, Landrace and Yorkshire, and its genotype frequency was 1, 1 and 0.8 respectively.

结果表明：内含子17 上的替换突变发生于毛色为白色的个体——白色五指山猪、大白猪、长白猪上，其基因型频率分别为1、1和0.8；其他中国地方猪种的此基因型频率均为0。

Genotype BB-representing Arg 669 was well-conserved amino acid with other MC4R subtypes or other species MC4R.

这个突变位于5′-调控区上，对该位点的多态性与肉用性状关系分析，发现突变基因型BB个体的腿肌重显著高于野生型AA个体（P＜0.05）。

Genotype and phenotype The genotype is the genetic composition of an individual.

适应 是自然选择的结果。基因型和表型基因型是个体的遗传组成。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。