个体交配

Backcross A cross between an individual and an individual of the original parent generation.

回交：杂交产生的子一代个体再与其亲本进行交配的方式。

Heterothallism A condition found in algae and fungi in which sexual reproduction occurs only between genetically different self-incompatible mating types of the same species.

异宗配合：指在某些藻类和真菌中，进行有性生殖时，同一个种的个体是自交不亲和的，只能在异宗的个体之间才能完成交配。

Then there is the practice hypothesis, that individuals are honing their skills for mating, which seems to hold good for male fruit flies at least.

此外，还有一种是实践假说，即个体在进行交配练习，这中假说至少在雄性果蝇身上得到了很好的印证。

It revealed that both the parental mating distances and the sexual selection played an indispensable role in male reproductive success of Liriodendron.

交配距离、性选择倾向在鹅掌楸个体的雄性繁殖适合度中扮演重要角色。

Thus most individuals in an outbreeding population could be called hybrids, and geneticists apply the term to the F1generation resulting from a monohybrid cross, where the offspring differ in the alleles of a single gene.

大多数异系交配的个体可以被称为杂种，遗传学上常将进行单因子杂交得到的 F1代称为杂种，它们在一个位点上具有不同的等位基因。

The fact that the pink plants were predominant among the population of RP1 cross progeny hints that the pink had the strong descendiblity, Whereas another fact that the plants with the color of another parent were predominant among the population of R01 cross progeny indicates that the nacarat/saffron plant had the low descendiblity. The above results suggest that it is better to choose the pink plants with the target color flower of breeding as a parents when arranging the cross combination. Many novel flowers with singular value of view and admire can be bred by the different cross combination since the wide segregation chromatogram is not confined to the parents'.

以RPl及R01作母本或父本，分别与不同花色杂交，F1代发生了明显的花色分离，RP1的杂交后代均以粉色占优势，表明粉色的遗传力较强，R01的杂交后代均以其它亲本占优势，表明桔黄/桔红的遗传力较弱，因此在选配组合时，最好选择具有育种目标的粉色个体作为亲本；另外由于分离谱较广，且分离的色谱范围并不完全限于双亲之间，可根据不同的杂交配组，培育出具极高观赏价值的稀有花色。

Methods: Adult mice of Kunming variety were used as experiment animals. After judgement of oestrus, the oestrus period and oestrus stage were determined, and then those mouse were grouped depending on oestrus stage. The mice were dealed with diferrent dosage of PMSG and HCG to make them superovulation, afterwords were mated individually with the male mouse together at same cage. The embryoes were rinsed out and evaluated after 3.5 days when the plug had been seen. The transplant mice were born after the high-quality embryoes were transferred into the receptors mouse uterus at the same oestrus stage which was stimulated by mating with the male mouse which spermaduct had been ligated previously.

以昆明系小白鼠为实验动物，取性成熟个体，先进行发情鉴定，确定其发情周期及不同的阶段，然后按发情阶段分组，分别用不同剂量的孕马血清促性腺激素和人绒毛膜促性腺激素进行超排处理并与公鼠合笼，在见栓后的第3.5天冲胚，对所得胚胎进行鉴定；将质量较好的胚胎选出，移入同期发情并经结扎公鼠交配刺激后见栓的受体小鼠子宫内，得到移植小鼠。

The indirect mode of input processing predicts that a male may store RSC inputs in his memory and retrieve such information later on to modify his output (e.g., sperm investment or copulatory behavior) accordingly.

间接的输入信息处理模型预测，雄性个体可能在它的记忆中储存与RSC相关的的输入信息，并在其后使用这些信息以调节其输出(例如，精子投资或交配行为)。

Second, a lot of artificial propagation experiments were performed between different gynogenetic clones to analyze whether or not genetic recombination occurs by utilizing the identified RAPD and SCAR markers. Direct molecular genetic evidence for gonochoristic reproduction was revealed in the gynogenetic silver crucian carp, and a previous hypothesis that the silver crucian carp might reproduce both gynogenetically and gonochoristically was conformed.

二是利用银鲫的克隆多样性和其种群中存在的雄性个体，设计大量的不同繁育组合，运用已鉴定的RAPD和SCAR分子标记，分析比较了不同繁育组合子代的DNA扩增情况，探讨了这些分子标记在各个交配子代中的重组分布规律。

Mating success varies widely from bird to bird, with number of copulations per individual during the breeding season ranging from zero to several dozen.

鸟与鸟之间的交配成功率差别很大，个体在繁殖期间的交配次数从0到几十次不等。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。