两层的

A method of manufacturing a magnetic tunnel junction device, in which a stack ( 1 ) comprising two electrode layers ( 3, 7 ) and a barrier layer ( 5 ) extending in between is formed.

一种磁性沟道结器件的制造方法，其中形成叠层(1)，包括两个电极层(3，7)，和在其间延伸的阻挡层(5)。

Took Chongqing Gong-he tunnel as an engineering example and studied the failure mechanism of surrounding rock and the correlation with bolt support system by using the methods of theoretical analysis, modeling test, numerical simulation and in situ test, some helpful conclusions were arrived as follows.Firstly, a new failure criterion for transversely isotropic rock mass was proposed with consideration of bedding plane orientation and major principal stress, and the corresponding algorithm, arrived through VC++6.0, can be easily embedded into the software FLAC3D for the geotechnical calculation.

论文在国家自然科学基金专项基金创新群体基金项目(No.50621403)以及国家自然科学基金重点项目"隧道与地下空间工程结构物的稳定性与可靠性(No.50334060)"的资助下，以共和隧道为示范工程，运用理论分析、物理模型实验、数值模拟和现场测试等手段，对共和隧道大埋深段层状岩体的围岩变形破坏机理、锚杆支护力学效应及围岩-支护结构的变形特征等内容进行了研究，其主要研究成果有：①在总结和探讨国内外学者提出的层状岩体经验型连续介质破坏准则基础上，结合层状岩体力学特性，考虑层面方向和最大主应力方向两个影响因素，提出了共和隧道层状岩体横观各向同性破坏准则；采用汇编语言VC++6.0实现了横观各向同性弹塑性本构关系的算法，并嵌入FLAC3D有限差分数值分析软件接口中实现数值运算。

The external scale of cobalt sulfide and yttrium oxide-surfide particles in the inner scale were found respectively after corrasion in Pa .!$+ lo-'' Pa Q. Beneath the external scale, a region of internal sulfidation-oxidation of yttrium was also present. The comion pduct in lo-' Pa .!$+ 10-l5 Pa Q was only a very thin surface layer of yttrium oxysulfide and an internal oxidation zone of yttrium.

并有助于降低纯Co的腐蚀速率，10＾02Pa硫压下，合金表面形成的腐蚀产物为多层、以为硫化钴，中间层为由两金属化合物怕成分复杂的混合物层，最内层是由氧和硫引起的Y的内腐蚀区；在10＾－3Pa硫压下，合金没有形成外层硫钴，仅在表面形成较薄的Y的硫氧化物，其下为Y的内氧化区。

Cladding field has been constructed by using the accurate functional form with two approximate parameters:the transverse decay constant in the cladding and the field value at core-cladding interface,which are already known.

包层场用修正贝塞尔函数以及已经求得的两个参量：包层径向衰减常量和场在纤芯-包层界面上的值重新构建。

We developed two kinds of new products for low-power and high-resolution mine shallow seismograph, mine geology detector and mine tunnel predictor. By field experimental verification, they can solve effectively the detecting problem of small geological structure and coal seam thickness around underground coal mine tunnel. Their performance and function of reached or exceeded the level of domestic similar products, and their power consumption (≤4W) is lower than the advanced high-resolution shallow seismographs at home and abroad.

开发出两款低功耗高分辨率矿井浅层地震仪产品——矿井地质探测仪和矿井巷道超前探测仪，通过现场试验验证，其可有效地解决煤矿井下巷道四周浅层地质小构造勘探和煤层厚度探测问题，仪器性能和功能达到或超过国内同类产品水平，且仪器的功耗(≤4W)小于国内外先进的高分辨率浅层地震仪产品

This paper analyses and calculates two ranges of standard thickness of the cotton sheet on scutcher , that is, the ranges decided by the process parameter and by the pedal roller evenness regulator.

分析计算了清棉机上两种棉层标准厚度范围大小，即工艺所要求的棉层厚度范围及天平调节装置允许的棉层厚度范围。

Then I took the Pieces of Cable which I had cut in the Ship, and I laid them in Rows one upon another, within the Circle, between these two Rows of Stakes, up to the Top, placing other Stakes in the In-side, leaning against them, about two Foot and a half high, like a Spurr to a Post, and this Fence was so strong, that neither Man or Beast could get into it or over it: This cost me a great deal of Time and Labour, especially to cut the Piles in the Woods, bring them to the Place, and drive them into the Earth.

然后，我用从船上截下来的那些缆索，沿着半圆形，一层一层地堆放在两排木桩之间，一直堆到顶上，再用一些两英尺半高的木桩插进去支撑住缆索，仿佛柱子上的横茶。这个篱笆十分结实牢固，不管是人还是野兽，都无法冲进来或攀越篱笆爬进来。这项工程，花了我不少时间和劳力，尤其是我得从树林里砍下粗枝做木桩，再运到草地上，又一一把它们打入泥土，这工作尤其费力费时。

Chemiluminescent immunoassay is one of the advanced immunoassay ofnon-radioisotopic immunoassay because of its high sensitivity, wide dynamic range,high accuracy, stable labeled protein, full automation and extensive application field.CLIA using acridinium ester derivatives as chemiluminescent label has advantages oflow background, high signal-to-noise ratio, no need of catalyst and simpleluminescence system. Different aspects associating the DMAE·NHS-based CLIA were studied in thisthesis, including synthesis of acridinium ester, chemiluminescentcharacteristics of DMAE·NHS, labelling antibody or streptavidin with DMAE·NHS,two-site sandwich chemiluminescent immunoassay for TSH, two-sitesandwich chemiluminescent immunoassay involved biotin-streptavidinsystem for TSH, and competitive chemiluminescent immunoassay usingbiotin-streptavidin system for TT〓. The desired acridinium ester, DMAE·NHS, was synthesized according to thereference method with some modifications. The products were identified by IR, NMR,MS and elemental analysis. In our method, KOH was used in place of NaOH tosynthesize benzyl ester of 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid,2',6'-dimethyl-4'-(n-succinimidyloxycarbonyl) phenyl-acridinium-9-carboxylate waspurified on a silica gel column with chloroform/ethylacetate(4:1, v/v) as eluent andfurther purified by triturating with hexane/acetone(2:1, v/v).

DMAE·NHS的合成是本论文的关键和难点，我们对文献方法进行改进：文献方法用氢氧化钠与3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸反应制得3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸钠，再用3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸钠与苄氯作用制备3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸苄酯，我们用氢氧化钾代替氢氧化钠，使合成取得成功；在合成2'，6'-二甲基-4'-苯基-吖啶-9-甲酸酯时，文献方法对粗产品进行两次硅胶柱层析纯化，第一次柱层析用氯仿／乙酸乙酯(4∶1，V∶V)作溶剂和淋洗剂，第二次柱层析用己烷／丙酮(2∶1，V∶V)作溶剂和淋洗剂，按照文献方法得到的不是所需要的化合物，我们只进行第一次柱层析纯化，然后用己烷／丙酮(2∶1，V∶V)进行研磨，过滤，洗涤，除去溶于己烷／丙酮(2∶1，V∶V)的部分，得到所需要的产品。

Three reservoir clay minerals such as montmorillonite, kaolinite and illite were selected. Alkali consumption was investigated to define coeffect between these minerals and their corresponding mixtures under three amount ratios, solid/liquid ratios, and at different temperature conditions.

选择蒙脱石，高岭石，伊利石等三种在储层中最常见的储层粘土矿物，两两分别按2：0，1：1，0：2质量配比组成复配物系列；在30℃、50℃温度下按1：5，1：8，1：10固/液比分别与1.6%的Na2CO3溶液反应8h、120h、360h；监测反应前后碱液浓度的变化；计算了各条件下各自的绝对碱耗量。

The products were identified by IR,NMR,MS and elemental analysis. In our method,K.OH was used in place of NaOH to synthesize benzyl ester of 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid,2',6'-dimethyl-4'-(n-succinimidyloxycarbonyl) phenyl-acridinium-9-carboxylate was purified on a silica gel column with chloroform/ethylacetate(4:l,v/v) as eluent and further purified by triturating with hexane/acetone(2:l,v/v).The luminescence produced by DMAE-NHS is a flash light with maximumemission at 0.4s and decay half-time of 0.9s. The luminescence intensity is 6.11x10 cps/mol,which is affected by the composition of trigger and surfactant.

DMAE·NHS的合成是本论文的关键和难点，我们对文献方法进行改进：文献方法用氢氧化钠与3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸反应制得3，5-甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸钠，再用3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸钠与苄氯作用制备3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸苄酯，我们用氢氧化钾代替氢氧化钠，使合成取得成功；在合成2'，6'-二甲基-4'-苯基-吖啶-9-甲酸酯时，文献方法对粗产品进行两次硅胶柱层析纯化，第一次柱层析用氯仿/乙酸乙酯(4：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)作溶剂和淋洗剂，第二次柱层析用己烷/丙酮(2：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)作溶剂和淋洗剂，按照文献方法得到的不是所需要的化合物，我们只进行第一次柱层析纯化，然后用己烷/丙酮(2：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)进行研磨，过滤，洗涤，除去溶于己烷/丙酮(2：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)的部分，得到所需要的产品。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。