东方主义

After empirically proving the incommensurability between Mou and Hall and Ames' typologies, this thesis will then inquire into the motive and context behind the Third-Generation New Confucians' belief that Mou and Hall and Ames' typologies are "commensurable," and their characterizing these two typologies with the aforementioned value-laden dichotomies.

由两方论述的不可共量性之确立，本论文将进一步质问为何「第三代新儒家」会认为两方论述是「可共量」的，并以「现代」和「后现代」以及「非东方主义」和「东方主义」等带有价值判断的对立性标签来描述两方的论述。

Said in his controversial book "Orientalism."... After De Lesseps no one could speak of the Orient as belonging to another world, strictly speaking.

赛义德在他颇受争议的著作《东方主义》中如是说，……雷赛之后，严格地说，没有人会说东方是属于另一个世界。

Chinese writers have been marginalized over the past century in various ways; for mainland writers from 1949-1979, the marginalization resulted from ideology; for Chinese writers neglected in the canon of world literature, the cause was Western ethnocentricity; and for specific writers, the sanctions have resulted from the prejudice of Orientalism and of Occidentalism.

上个世纪以来，华人世界的许多作家们由于种种原因被社会边缘化了。比如说，中国大陆的作家在1949-1979年间，由于意识形态的政治原因，被边缘化了。由于西方文化中心主义的原因，中国的作家们被挡在了世界文学的大门之外。另外一些作家不幸沦为"东方主义"和"西方主义"辩论的牺牲品。

Chapter One gives the definition of Orientalism and introduces the history and characteristics of American orientalism, as well as the traditional image of China in Americans' mind.

第一章主要介绍了东方主义的概念，回顾了美国东方主义的形成历史以及中国在美国人心目中形象的变化。

Evidence is given to show that Orientalist idea exists in his depiction of India and the Indian people.

对《印度之行》的重新解读证实了小说描写中存在着明显的东方主义话语，西方根深蒂固的东方主义思想在小说中得到体现和再生产。

As for the writing of India, there exit some complicated and intricate historical relations between colonial literature and post-colonial literature , which is related to the Orientalist attitude of British writers and Indian-British writers.

殖民文学与后殖民文学在书写东方印度主题方面，存在一些复杂微妙的历史联系，存在着历时性和共时性的"东方"话语，这与一些英国作家和印裔英国作家的东方主义心态有关。

Since the second half of 20th century, the topics of Orientalism, Japonisme and Primitivism have moved to the forefront of art-history discussion.

20世纪下半叶以来，"东方主义"、"日本主义"和"原始主义"此系列主题已处于艺术史探讨的前沿。

An essentialized and remarkably delimited Indian theatre consisting of just one genre, namely, the ancient Sanskrit theatre, with no space for the Ram Lila or other flourishing vernacular genres;(2) Histories from the nationalist period portray Indian theatre as primarily, though not exclusively, madeup of India's Western-influenced "modern" theatre genre but relegate the Ram Lila to the realm of unsophisticated folk theatre; and (3) Postcolonial-era histories offer a broad-based and plural Indian theatre encompassing all major genres, including the Ram Lila, but valorize postcolonial theatre withuntenable and extravagant claims.

我会在结论论证这些研究的源起，并列举三个现代印度文化和历史的不同阶段作为例证：（1）东方主义时期的印度剧场史，呈现出一个本质主义、明显画地自限的印度剧场，当中只有一个剧种：古老的梵文剧场，毫无肚量容纳罗魔节戏或其他盛极一时的地方戏剧；（2）国家主义时期的剧场史，此时最主要由深受西方文化影响的印度「现代」剧场构成，罗魔节戏被贬抑为难登大雅的地方小戏；（3）后殖民时期的剧场史，提供了一个宽广、多元，兼容并蓄的印度剧场，罗魔节戏也在其中，但此时期过於夸大了后殖民剧场的资产。

Edward Said points out two major Orientalist motifs: The East is defeated or dangerous. But he overlooks a third motif Voltaire represents: romanticizing the East while criticizing the West.

中文摘要：赛义德指出东方主义两大母题：东方是被打败的和危险的；但忽视了伏尔泰代表的第三个母题：浪漫化东方，批评西方。

As for the writing of India, there exit some complicated and intricate historical relations between colonial literature and post-colonial literature , which is related to the Orientalist attitude of British writers and Indian-British writers.

殖民文学与后殖民文学在书写东方印度主题方面，存在一些复杂微妙的历史联系，存在着历时性和共时性的&东方&话语，这与一些英国作家和印裔英国作家的东方主义心态有关。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。