丘脑的

These speculations have been going on for over a generation. As an example, we may cite Campion and Elliot-Smith (1934) who proposed that thought consisted of corticothalamic circulation of impulses. Penfield has suggested the existence of a centrencephalic integrating system, which he has definedas that central system within the brain stem which is responsible for integration of varied specific functions from different parts of the hemispheres.

这些特性已经有好几十年了，让我们引用Campion and Elliot-Smith (1934)提出的论点为例，他们认为思考是由皮质丘脑的刺激循环所造成，潘菲尔提出中央头部统合系统的存在，他把这个系统定义成脑干的中央系统，负责不同大脑半球中各种特殊功能的整合，潘菲尔的说法使得这个系统的定义更为松散，以潘菲尔的定义来说，这个系统包含所有皮质下的灰色神经组织和其间的连接通道，并负责大脑半球内部的整合。

Results The results showed that:(1) Only fluoxetine could decrease the 5-HT immunoreaction in cornu ammonis and thalamas in rat brain in the acute group;(2) Four antidepressant drugs could decrease 5-HT immunoreaction in six regions of rats brain in the chronic group.

结果 ①一次给药后，仅氟西汀降低大鼠海马和丘脑5-HT免疫反应性；②长期给药组中，4种抗抑郁药均能降低大鼠额叶、海马、丘脑、脑干和小脑的5-HT免疫反应性。

Appropriate uses cerebral hemorrhage of the ventricle that haematoma of conclusion grave head is more than 20ml grave window of microscopical and surgical ossicle opens haematoma of head of skull travel grave cleared art + art of the drainage outside ventricle.

结论丘脑血肿大于20ml的脑室型丘脑出血宜采用显微外科小骨窗开颅行丘脑血肿清除术+脑室外引流术。

Methods: Ten patients with writer's cramp received microrecordingguided stereotactic Vim and Vo thalamotomy. Efficacy of the surgery was reviewed.

运用脑深部微电极记录引导下立体定向技术，对10例书写痉挛患者实施了丘脑腹中间核和丘脑腹嘴核的毁损术，进行疗效分析。

3 Patients were in the acutestage,〓FDG and 〓NH〓 PET showed brain stem infarction in 2 patients, while CT was normal. MRA of one of them showed right vertebral artery obstruction. One case showed focal infarction within the territory of the right middle cerebral artery 12 hours after stroke onset.〓NH〓 uptake was reduced in right frontoparietal lobe, putamen and part of thalamus, while hyperperfusion was observed in ipsilateral head of caudate nucleus and a portion of thalamus.

急性期3例，2例〓FDG和〓NH〓均示病灶位于右侧脑干为放射性缺损区，CT检查均未显示，1例MRA示右侧椎动脉阻塞：另1例〓FDG示病灶在右侧大脑中动脉区域，与12小时CT所示病灶范围相同，但12小时的〓NH〓示右侧额、顶叶，壳核和部分丘脑为放射性减低和缺损区，而同侧尾状核头部和部分丘脑为过度灌注；发病24小时〓FDG显示除〓NH〓所见缺损区外，右侧额、顶叶部分区域和右侧尾状核头部代谢异常增高，血流和代谢有不一致处。

And (20. 5 ± 1.7) ml· 100 g-1 ·min-1, respectively. When compared in 3 groups, the temporal and parietal lobe rCBF had a decreasing tendency in aMCI group, while in VCI-ND group, the most dominant decreasing parts were mainly concentrated in white matter region (17. 7±2. 3 ml·100 g-1·min-1, F = 5. 740, P = 0. 002. Whatever the depth or the width was, beth periventricular and subeortical deep white matter, anterior and posterior ventricular regions were all involved. There are no dominant difference of rCBF in caudate nucleus, lentiform nucleus and thalamus.

2NC组、aMCI组和VCI-ND组患者的rCBF表现比较：aMCI组颞、顶、枕叶的rCBF值呈一定趋势的减少，VCI-ND组额叶的rCBF值呈一定趋势的减少，而VCI-ND组rCBF下降最明显的部位集中在白质区域[(17.7±2.3)ml·100 g-1·min-1，F=5.740，P=0.002]，从深度看覆盖了脑室旁白质和皮质下深部白质两部分，从长度看覆盖了白质的前后区域。3组基底节区核团包括尾状核、豆状核和丘脑的rCBF值比较差异无统计学意义。

The article summaries the progress in study of cognitive impairment after thalamic stroke from four aspect which covered neuropsychological mechanism of thalami participating in cognition, the sorting of thalamic stroke, estimating method of cognitive function after thalamic stroke and the status of clinical study of thalamic stroke.

脑卒中后认知功能损害已成为临床神经心理学的研究热点，本文从丘脑参与认知神经心理的机制、丘脑卒中神经心理学分类、丘脑卒中认知功能评价方法、卒中的临床研究概况等四方面对丘脑卒中后认知功能损害的研究进展进行了总结，以期有利于丘脑卒中治疗方案和康复计划的制定，减少丘脑卒中带来的认知功能损害。

Methods:50 whole brains were serially horizonatally sliced with each section 2 mm in thickness.The two -dimensional image of each section was corrected and aligned at first.After corre spondence by experts identifying thalami,tiling based on contour matching and surface-fitting with NURBS interpolation,thalami were reconstructed on computer.

对50只整脑100个丘脑作2 mm厚的连续水平切面，运用表面重建法对丘脑进行计算机三维重建；首先对各切面二维图像进行配准与校正，再采用专家辩认核团、基于轮廓匹配的轮廓拼接、非线性有理B样条插值等方法手段，精确地重建了丘脑。

Sleep spindles are generated by the thalamic reticular nucleus in conjunction with specific thalamic nuclei and are modulated by corticothalamic and thalamocortical connections.

睡眠纺锤波由与特异丘脑核团相连的丘脑网状核产生，并受皮质－丘脑和丘脑－皮质联结调控。

To understand the basic properties, underlying mechanisms and functions of the short-term synaptic plasticity of thalamocortical visual pathway, we combined in vivo field potential recording, focal drug application technique and neuron models, to explore the short-tem synaptic plasticity of rat major thalamocortical visual pathway (from lateral geniculate nucleus to primary visual cortex) and extrageniculate pathway (from lateral posterior nucleus to primary visual cortex), as well as the role of short-term depression in the neuronal correlated firing detection.

我们结合在位场电位记录、局部加药和神经模型等方法，对不同刺激模式下大鼠丘脑皮层主要视觉通路（外侧膝状体到初级视皮层）和非主要视觉通路（膝体外通路：丘脑侧后核到初级视皮层）的短时程突触可塑性，以及短时程抑制作用对神经元同步活动检测的作用做了研究，试图了解视觉丘脑皮层突触传递短时程可塑性的基本特性、神经机制和功能。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。