丘脑的

One of these is an immediate inhibition taking place the period of30-160 milli second after stimulating the Caudate Nucleus.

一种对尾核刺激后的30～160毫秒期间发生的对丘脑后核单位放电的即时抑制。

Bilateral pallidotomy may not have complications of dysarthria and cognitive impairment similarly as thalamotomy, but has a significantly higher risk of hypophonia and swollen difficulty.

双侧PVP手术似乎并不存在类似于双侧丘脑手术所导致的严重并发症，如构音障碍和严重的认知障碍，但明显增加语音低下和吞咽困难的风险。

These DSs were first observed at 9 weeks in the distal part of ascending fibers that consist of gracile fasciculus and cerebellospinal-gracile nucleus and white matter of cerebellum. They extend along medulla oblongate to medulla cervix、medulla thorax、medulla lumbalis in accordance with dying-back type degeneration. The corticospinal tract were affected at 18 weeks,and thalamus、the olfactory pathway、the visal pathway、the auditory pathway were affected at 32 weeks.

这种DS从9周龄开始，首先在构成薄束路和脊髓小脑后路的上行纤维的远端区域-薄束核区和小脑白质出现，逐渐按照延髓、颈髓、胸髓、腰髓的顺序，向细胞体方向逆行性地进展。18周龄时波及到锥体路，32周龄时进一步波及到丘脑和嗅觉、视觉、听觉传导路。

This influence can filtrate ascending information and enhance noise-signal ratio.

总以上所述，本文首次论证了扣带皮层对丘脑触觉上传信息具有调制性影响，这种影响可能对上传信息的筛选和信噪比的提高产生了重要的作用。

Nevertheless,as this surgical method is receiving more and more disputes,with its long-term curative effects remain further observation,it still needs ever-larger investigation.One main reason for the weak curative effects of the clinical treatment for the intractable psychopathy is the uncertainty of the pathogenesis.

难治性精神病的临床疗效欠佳，其中主要原因之一就是其发病机理还不够明确，虽然有各种环路理论和神经递质异常学说，如：由乳头体、隔区、丘脑前核、扣带回、海马、中脑被盖区、内侧嗅区构成的内侧环路功能异常学说等，但是，到目前为止，尚无任何一种学说能够完全解释精神病的发病机制。

RESULTS: SERT levels were non-significantly decreased (-14% to -33%) in caudate, putamen and thalamus, and, unlike the robust striatal dopamine reduction, there was marked overlap between control and MA user ranges.

结果：MA长期使用者纹状体内多巴胺含量显著降低，与此不同的是，尾状核、豆状核和丘脑(海马的SERT水平正常)SERT水平的下降并不具有统计学意义(-14%~-33%)。

IL-1βmRNA expression in the developmental brain in Wistar rat: IL-1β mRNA in hippocampus, cerebral cortex and subcortex was detected by postnatal day 1 and gradually increased with development, reached a peak at postnatal day 21, and then gradually decreased to lower level at adult; In P77PMC rat, IL-1β mRNA expression was similar to Wistar rat before postnatal day 14, then gradually increased and surpassed Wistar rat at postnatal day 28, reached a peak in adult.

原位杂交显示谷氨酸诱导Wistar大鼠惊厥和P77PMC大鼠听源性惊厥后脑内IL-1βmRNA表达情况。结果发现，两种不同惊厥模型大鼠惊厥后脑内IL-1βmRNA表达存在明显的差异。谷氨酸引起惊厥诱导脑内皮层、海马和丘脑IL-1βmRNA表达增高的程度远较P77PMC大鼠听源性惊厥为低，而且惊厥后IL-1βmRNA表达增加较慢，于4-8h达高峰，而听源性惊厥可于惊厥后2h迅速达高峰。但两种形式惊厥诱导脑内IL-1βmRNA表达最高的部位均是海马。

Long-term potentiation was. for the first time, elicited in the deep division of the Superior Colliculus by the tetanic stimulation of 100Hz for 1s .

在大白鼠上丘脑片深层部的中层或深层给电刺激、分别在径向对应的深层或中层，记录到诱发的突触后场电位。

This had a knock-on effect on other parts of the brain that are linked to alertness, the brainstem and thalamus.

而海马体的活动差又对大脑的其它相关部分产生了撞击效应，比如大脑的思维敏捷性、脑干以及丘脑等。

Anterograde amnesia and minimal retrograde amnesia with thalamic and hippocampal lesions in neuro-Behcet's disease is rare.

丘脑和海马的神经白塞氏病引起顺行性遗忘和轻微的逆行性健忘症是罕见的。

John Robbins lives with his family in Santa Cruz, California.

约翰罗宾和家人居住在加利福尼亚州的圣克鲁斯县。

The international background is mainly the economic ties among different nations tented to be widen and deepen at the peace and development times.

国际背景主要是和平与发展时代条件下的世界各国经济贸易联系的日益加深。