世纪末

Chohwa , which was made of standardized mulberry-bark paper early in the Joseon period, become the first legal paper money and was used as a medium of exchange in place of coins.From the 17th century until the end of the 19th century, Sang Pyong Tong Bo copper coins were the most widely circulated currency.The mintage and circulation of modern currency began during the last years of the old Korean Empire as a result of contact with the West.Around the time of the trial adoption of the gold standard in 1901, gold and silver coins were in circulation along with some Japanese bank notes.In 1909, the Bank of Korea was founded in Seoul as a central bank and began issuing currency of modern type.After Korea lost her sovereignty to Japan in 1910, the Bank of Korea was renamed the Bank of Chosn, until Korea's independence in 1945 at the end of World War II.

Chohwa、标准化mulberry-bark早在朝鲜进行期间，成为第一个合法的纸币和被用作一种交换媒介的硬币从17世纪到19世纪末，唱Pyong通博铜纪念币被认为是最广为流传的货币这个mintage和循环的现代货币开始在过去几年的老韩国帝国由于接触西方在一次试验所采用的标准1901年，金银铸币在循环连同一些日本银行纸币1909年，韩国银行成立于首尔作为中央银行发行的货币，现代类型韩国失去了她的主权后，日本在1910年，韩国央行改名为银行的独立性，直到朝鲜Chos？

After many centuries of being a typically sloppy human mishmash in which vague intuitions and precise logic coexisted on equal terms, mathematics at the end of the 19th century was finally being shaped up.

就像典型的由人类搞出来的大杂烩，许多世纪以来模糊的直觉和精确的逻辑平等共存，直到19世纪末数学才最终形成。

It was destroyed by the Mongols but was restored in the late 15th century.

这是破坏的蒙古人，但恢复了15世纪末。

Not any more, Mr Verhofstadt laments, before expressing the hope that a border-free EU may bring cosmopolitan Europe back to life, and end the 20th century obsession with creating "monocultural islands".

Verhofstadt甚至会感到生不逢时，他希望无边界的欧盟可以把大同的欧洲重新带回到现实中来，他还陶醉于在20世纪末把欧洲建成一个"同质文化安全岛"。

The research method starts from the analysis of changing of idea on monumentality, to reveal diverse emphasis of value and purposes under the changing courses of every epoch, monumental meaning will soon needs to be investigated on relating issues such as memory and history.

本论文的研究方法为，将19世纪末至20世纪之间所面临的纪念性意义转变历程展开文献的归纳与整理，从中分析出转变的时代背景与原因。

Madrigals, Dances, Renaissance instruments, polyphony, St Marks, Mass,Motet

14世纪法国和意大利北部逐渐形成并兴盛至16世纪末的多声或单声，附有伴奏的歌曲

Motet, Chanson, Anthem, unusual instruments, word painting

逐渐形成并兴盛至16世纪末的多声或单声，附有伴奏的歌曲）、赞美诗、罕见的乐器以及作品里所用词语的特色。

The end of this century saw multitudes of rural workers rush into big cities like Beijing and Shanghai.

1本世纪末，大量的民工涌入北京、上海等大城市。

After the war, the remaining Narragansetts were forced to live on reservation lands, but by the end of the 18th century, the reservation lands had been drastically reduced. The state of Rhode Island "detribalized" the Narragansett during 1880-1884, which meant that they were no longer recognized as a tribe.

战争结束后，剩下的纳拉甘西特人被迫住在保留区内，但到了18世纪末，保留区却被大幅度的缩编。1880-1884年间，罗德岛使纳拉甘西特人丧失部落特徵，也就是说，他们不再被视为一个部落。

This can hardly be expected to be a peaceful process, and in fact it has been accompanied by major conflicts and social upheavals. The expansion of European capitalism in the nineteenth century involved the Opium Wars, genocide in the Belgian Congo, the Great Game in Central Asia, and many other forms of imperial conquest and rivalry. The seeming triumph of global capitalism at the end of the twentieth century followed two world wars, the cold war, and savage neocolonial conflicts.

很难想象这会是一个和平的过程，事实上它伴随着根本性的矛盾冲突和社会巨变：19世纪欧洲资本主义的扩张引发了鸦片战争，在比利时统治下的刚果实施了种族灭绝，在中亚展开大博弈，以及其他很多形式的帝国主义的政府和竞争。20世纪末全球资本主义看上去获得了胜利，其前有两次世界大战、冷战和野蛮的新殖民冲突。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。