专断

To deal with various risks in the production of space,local governments have to cease the monopolization in land requisition and expropriation,and establish the balance of interests between correlative groups and national institutions in the circulation of lands.To deal with risks in the games of new society,local governments must adjust the systems and policies concerned,and avoid just scratching the surface of a problem.To deal with risks in reallocation of social resources and social administration concerned with policy output,many local governments already have material condition to effectively break them,and the key is to improve their administerial skills in policy making and implementation.To deal with risks in vicious competition between city governments in urbanization,which are actually the manifest of malfunction of market mechanism,local governments must put the centralization mechanism into full play,and strengthen the social check and balance mechanism,in order to effectively regulate market mechanism and realize the organic interactions between social units,democracy,and market.

要破解地方政府在空间生产中风险重重的局面，必须改变政府在土地征用征收上的独裁专断格局，完善土地流转中各个相关利益群体间的权利均衡以及国家机构间的权力均衡机制；地方政府在新型社会博弈中的风险，也需要相关制度与政策的调整，不能停留在治标不治本的层次；在社会资源再分配与社会管制等政策输出方面的风险，许多地方政府已经具备了有效化解的物质条件，主观上提高政策制定与执行的行政技能是解决此类问题的关键；我国城市政府在发展地方经济推进地方城镇化中的恶性竞争风险，本质上是市场机制失灵的一种表现，必须通过充分运用集权机制、强化社会制约机制从而有效规制市场机制，实现科层、民主、市场三种机制的良性对接，政府、社会、企业三种力量的有机互动，才能解决。

And therefore, whatever form the common-wealth is under, the ruling power ought to govern by declared and received laws, and not by extemporary dictates and undetermined resolutions: for then mankind will be in a far worse condition than in the state of nature, if they shall have armed one, or a few men with the joint power of a multitude, to force them to obey at pleasure the exorbitant and unlimited decrees of their sudden thoughts, or unrestrained, and till that moment unknown wills, without having any measures set down which may guide and justify their actions: for all the power the government has, being only for the good of the society, as it ought not to be arbitrary and at pleasure, so it ought to be exercised by established and promulgated laws; that both the people may know their duty, and be safe and secure within the limits of the law; and the rulers too kept within their bounds, and not be tempted, by the power they have in their hands, to employ it to such purposes, and by such measures, as they would not have known, and own not willingly.

因此，国家无论采取什么形式，其统治权力都应依据业已公布且被接受的法律而不是临时的指令或犹豫不定的决义来进行治理；因为，假若人类用群众的联合的力量来武装一个或几个人，任其随心所欲地迫使人们服从其一时心血来潮所做出的种种过分的、无限制的命令或是毫无节制的、此时尚不得而知的意志，而同时却没有任何固定的措施来引导他们的行为或为之辩护，那么，人类将处于比自然状态远为糟糕的境地；既然政府所拥有的一切权力均旨在为社会谋福利，因而不应专断独行、随心所欲，因此，它必须依据明确规定且公诸于众的法律来行使；这样，不仅人民可以了解他们的义务，在法律范围内得到安全和保障；而且，统治者也可以受到法律的约束，而不致被手中掌握的权力所诱惑，进而利用它达到特定的目的，且采用特定的手段，而这样的目的和手段是他们本来可能不会知道、也不愿承认的。

Build the traditional planned economy on absolutely and rational basis to have grumous star-chamber creed temperament and blame good-tempered consciousness.

建立在绝对理性基础上的传统计划经济具有浓厚的专断主义气质和非宽容意识。

Blindly paternalistic in his dealings with his surly, distrustful charges, Wikus grins vapidly while his colleagues invade their homes and beat them if they resist.

暴戾的Wikus在自己的工作中盲目专断，对这群不受信任的外星人进行管治，他冷笑着看着他的同事们抄毁外星人的家，看着不服从的外星人被暴打。

According to this, the law effect of arbitrary medical treatment behavior is probably adjudged intentionally assault.

循此，专断医疗行为的法律效果在刑法上可能成立故意伤害罪。

But the arbitrary king had arrayed troops and he ordered the soldiers to arrest him.

但专断 的国王已经排列好了军队，并下令士兵逮捕他。

Soon even more peremptory orders were issued by Seguier, the new keeper of the seals: the king commanded that a strict inquiry be made into all the misdeeds with which the curé had been charged and a commission was to be set up to judge the case.

很快，新任掌玺大臣塞吉埃下达了更为专断的命令：国王下令对神父所犯罪行进行严格审讯，并为此设立一个委员会审查此案。

Not the kind she might have expected from a poet and violinist of furtive serenades, but an imperious note demanding a reply before he traveled to Santa Marta the following week.

他和她所习惯的那位诗人，小提琴家的可不一样，不会写得象含蓄的小夜曲。他以近乎专断的语气要求母亲给在他下个星期去Santa Marta前给出答复。

The negative influence was that theory tests flooded continuously under the guidelines of the vulgarized and dogmatic ideology and they resulted in the arbitrary suppression and rejection of different ideological concepts. At the end of Twentieth Century, as art aesthetics upgraded its position, the former high-sounding concept that depreciated the independent position of art was gradually suspected.

由此而生的负面影响是理论文本在庸俗化、教条式的思想指针的拨弄下源源不绝地涌现，在现实中导致对不同思想观念的专断式的压制和排斥。20世纪末期，随着艺术审美地位的上升，原有的贬抑艺术独立地位的堂皇理念逐渐受到质疑。

The implication of childrens liberty is composed of three related inscapes, which are dignity, rights and choice.

对第一个问题的回答如下：儿童的自由是指儿童不受他人专断意志的强制的状态，是儿童按照自己意愿和计划行事的可能性。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。