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In this paper, the bump patterns for flip-chip packages are discussed first, then an experiment is setup to study the dispensing phenomena for different bump patterns, and the CAE software is used to analyze and identify with experiment mutually. From these thorough comparisons and analytical analysis, the existence of channel could slow down the flow, the high density of bump could speed up the flow, and it could avoid the air trap by modified the bump and channel's arrangement on flip-chip package. Then flows in rectangular microchannels driven by capillary force and gravity are discussed; furthermore, the theoretical model of flow in microchannel driven by capillary force and gravity is formulated from the Navier-Stokes equations.

本文首先针对覆晶底部充填进行相关理论推导、实验与模拟，探讨不同凸块配置模型所造成的波前不平滑现象对底部充填流动的影响；即依据相关参数建立模型进行底部充填实验，同时以CAE(Computer-Aided Engineering)模流分析软体进行模拟，在完成理论探讨、实验与模拟分析之后，交叉比较理论、实验与模拟分析结果，归纳出影响底胶充填流动之因素，由结果显示在凸块密集度较高的区域，凸块可以帮助流动，但是在凸块区后方的沟槽区域则因为凸块区所提供之流量不足，所以会造成波前落后的现象，另外藉由修改凸块与沟槽配置的关系，可以有效的控制波前形状的变化情形，避免产生包风现象。

Discussions are given of the fate of Ms2 during translocation in the hexoploid triticale, the exchange of the names for 4A and 4B chromosomes in common wheat and the possible expoitation of the new locus Ms2 (4BS), and the following speculations are made: In geneic genes of allopolyploid organisms the donor chromosomes tend to be intergenomically translocated to their phylogically and evolutionarily close chromosomes with the same order number and the same arm; it is cofirmed that the 7th International Conference of Wheat Genetics was right to exchange the names between chromosomes 4A and 4B of common wheat in 1988; and as a new genetic marker and a breeding tool for all the chromosome B-carrying species in the tribe of Tritceae, Ms2 (4BS) may have wide application in building and expanding the gene pool of germplasm resources of various species of wheat.

对 Ms2基因在六倍体小黑麦与原太谷核不育小麦远缘杂交中易位时的走向，普通小麦4A与4B染色体的互换更名以及 Ms2(4BS)新位点的开发利用进行了讨论：认为异源多倍体生物核基因的组间易位倾向于从供体染色体向进化亲缘关系较密切，且染色体序数与染色体臂相同的部分同源染色体易位；1988年第7届国际小麦遗传学会对普通小麦4A与4B染色体的互换更名是正确的； Ms2(4BS)作为一个新型的遗传标记，作为小麦族内所有携带B染色体组的物种的育种工具和在拓建各类小麦种质资源的基因库等方面均有广泛的用途。

The subject of the full text builds up and divides six major chapters together: Chapter 1 is the foreword, and has studied the current situation and refined and summarized to value and meaning of the selected title background of the thesis, selected title abroad synthetically; Chapter 2, have carried on science to define to the intension of responsibility and governments relevant concepts of responsibility, have explained that constructs the necessity of the responsibility government and realistic meaning; Chapter 3, ility the intension made of the responsibility has been carried on science solves and constructs, summarize the political function and basic principle of administration asking responsibility system, and the logic relation between administration asking and the responsibility government of the responsibility has been analysed scientifically; Chapter 4, has used the administrations of western countries for reference and administration asking responsibility system and high-ranking official asking system of Hong Kong area of our country and the successful experience, expect to the institutional improvement of the administration asking responsibility system of our country can be beneficial; The whole chapter 5, the current administration asking system of our country that has implemented the state and carried on objective analysis in responsibility system, have pointed out a series of questions and not complete places exposed in institutional improvement, and has carried on network analysis from two visual angles of the traditional political culture ecology and system factor aspect to the reason why the question emerges; Chapter 6, the responsibility system has carried on tentative countermeasure analysis and discussion in perfecting the administration of our country, separately from improving the environment of administration asking responsibility and reinventing the culture of administration asking responsibility, devoting more efforts to asking the responsibility in allosome, strengthen the related institutional improvement of administration asking responsibility system, etc.

全文主体架构共分6大章节：第1章为引言，对论文选题背景、选题价值与意义及国外内研究现状进行了综合提炼与概括；第2章，对责任和责任政府相关概念的内涵进行了科学界定，并阐述了构建责任政府的必要性和现实意义：第3章，对行政问责制的内涵进行了科学解构，概括了行政问责制的政治功能及其基本原则，并对行政问责制与建立责任政府的逻辑关系进行了科学分析；第4章，借鉴了西方国家行政问责制度及我国香港地区高官问责制的成功经验，以期对我国行政问责制度建设能有所裨益；第5章，对我国现行行政问责制度实施状况进行了客观分析，指出了在制度建设过程中暴露出来的一系列问题和不完善之处，并对产生这些问题的原因从传统政治文化生态及制度因素层面两个视角进行了系统分析；第6章，对健全和完善我国行政问责制度进行了尝试性的对策分析与探讨，分别从完善行政问责环境、重塑行政问责文化，加大异体问责的力度，加强行政问责制配套制度建设及行政问责制立法等角度提出了完善的措施和途径。

Let us settle ourselves, and work and wedge our feet downward through the mud and slush of opinion, and prejudice, and tradition,and delusion, and appearance, that alluvion which covers the globe,through Paris and London, through New York and Boston and Concord,through Church and State, through poetry and philosophy and religion, till we come to a hard bottom and rocks in place, which we can call reality, and say, This is, and no mistake; and then begin,having a point d'appui, below freshet and frost and fire, a place where you might found a wall or a state, or set a lamp-post safely,or perhaps a gauge, not a Nilometer, but a Realometer, that future ages might know how deep a freshet of shams and appearances had gathered from time to time.

让我们定下心来工作，并用我们的脚跋涉在那些污泥似的意见、偏见、传统、谬见与表面中间，这蒙蔽全地球的淤土啊，让我们越过巴黎、伦敦、纽约、波士顿、康科德，教会与国家，诗歌，哲学与宗教，直到我们达到一个坚硬的底层，在那里的岩盘上，我们称之为现实，然后说，这就是了，不错的了，然后你可以在这个point d'appui 之上，在洪水、冰霜和火焰下面，开始在这地方建立一道城墙或一个国土，也许能安全地立起一个灯柱，或一个测量仪器，不是尼罗河水测量器了，而是测量现实的仪器，让未来的时代能知道，谎骗与虚有其表曾洪水似的积了又积，积得多么深哪。

In the world of Osaka's work, the boundaries between the artist and his subjects, male and female, man and other living things, and living things and objects ambiguously dissolve into each other.

在Osaka创作的世界里，艺术家本身与创作物体间、男性与女性间、人类与其他生物间、生物与其他物品间的界线十分模糊，就像是彼此互相融合在一起。

Contemporary teenager must have persistence to obey collective, respect individual, stress the righteous, initiate the trustworthiness and emphasize the industry and thrift moral value mindset, combine the amenability with active, harmonize with compete, guard with creative, et al, in order to adapt to the knowledge-based economy society development.

当代青少年只有坚持服从集体、尊重个人、讲究道义、倡导诚信、崇尚勤俭的道德价值取向。并将顺从与主动、和谐与竞争、守成与创新、内省与开放等人格特质有机地结合起来，才能有效地完成自身的现代人格建构，适应经济全球化和知识经济社会发展的需要。

On the basis of investigating analytic proposition and synthetic proposition, the paper gives some comments on Quine's critique on distinction of the two propositions, illustrating that Quine's critique cannot deny their distinction and only show they are two typical fuzzy conceptions, so we should grasp the dialectical mechanism of their relative distinction and inter-permeation by fuzzy thinking methods.

在考察分析命题与综合命题的基础上，对奎因分析命题与综合命题之区分的批判进行了评述，说明奎因的批判并不能否认分析命题与综合命题的区分，而只是表明了"分析命题"与"综合命题"是两个典型的模糊概念，因而需要运用模糊思维方法去把握它们既相对区分又相互贯通的辩证机理。

Meanwhile, the concentration of Pb,Zn and other heavy metals is rather high in the oxidation zone and decreasesdownward to levels that are unbelievably low for Pb-Zn mine tailings. Theseobservations suggest that heavy metals should be re-immobilized by secondaryminerals, rather than primary minerals, in the oxidation zone, and could be leachedout from suboxic environment due to low rate oxidative dissolution which preventsthe precipitation of secondary minerals in significant amount. Thus, cover scenarioswhich establish a suboxic environment beneath the cover layer might not always beeffective in preventing heavy metal release from mine tailings.Sequential extraction studies indicate that, in addition to heavy metal leaching,oxidation of the mine tailings increased the mobility of residual Zn, and Cu, while Pb remains immobile due to the formation of anglesite (PbSO4). Using the seven-step extraction technique developed by Dold (J. Geochem. Explor., 2003, 80: 55-68), galena dissolves in significant amount at step 2 most probably due to the strong complexing of Pb2+ by acetate, while other metal sulfides dissolve at step 6, which suggest that this extraction technique could not be used to evaluate the mobility of lead in natural environment

重金属含量均低于新鲜尾矿，但以硬化层中的含量最高(Pb、Zn含量分别为0.47%和0.93%)，往下大幅度降低，表明尾矿风化过程中形成的次生矿物对Pb、Zn等重金属元素有较强的固定作用，而次氧化带的淋溶作用造成了金属元素的大量流失；(4)与新鲜尾矿相比，硬化层中铅的可迁移性大大降低，硬化层之下尾矿样品中铅的可迁移性也不同程度降低，这是由于硫化物氧化产生的硫酸根与尾矿中的铅反应形成铅矾(PbSO_4)的缘故；(5)氧化作用使尾矿中的zn、Cu等重金属的可迁移性不同程度地增大，其中对锌的可迁移性影响最大，铜的可迁移性与铁比较相似，铅则容易与硫化物氧化形成的SO_4~(2-)反应形成铅矾(PbSO_4)；(6)为了减少尾矿污染和修复矿山环境，人们提出了各种不同的尾矿覆盖方案，本文的研究结果表明，这些方法不一定能够有效地阻滞污染元素的迁移。

He committed his venture to the struggle not just against the protectionist corn laws but against attempts to raise up "barriers to intercourse, jealousies, animosities and heartburnings between individuals and classes in this country, and again between this country and all others".

他赋予他的报纸这样的责任：不仅与贸易保护主义的《玉米法》抗争，也与那些试图在这个国家的个人与阶级之间和这个国家与他国之间制造"交易壁垒、猜疑、仇恨和妒忌"的行径相抗争。

And Chinese SAR, and the software platforms are accomplished. Based on research of multi-information fusion, identification and information extraction of targets from complex background scene are also studied, and some experiments of radio wave propagation in anomalous atmospheric status are carried out.

同时，结合多源信息融合理论方法与环境中目标跟踪实验与仿真，发展了目标与环境复合建模与特性数值仿真、开展了沿海区域异常大气结构中波传播实验等研究。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。