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To explore new synthetic methods, we set out a careful investigation of the reaction of benzimidazolium salt with many nucleophilic agents, including the active aromatic compounds and heteratom nucleophilic agents, and found that the quaternary C=N is not so active; when benzimidazolium salt is reacted with big nitrogen nucleophilic agent? phthalimide, it does not give the expected addition product, instead, produces N-alkyl phthalimide through alkyl-transfermation from benzimidazolium salt to phthalimide.

为了开发新的合成方法，研究了苯并咪唑盐与各种亲核试剂（活泼芳环与杂原子亲核试剂）的反应，发现苯并咪唑盐不与活泼芳环及杂原子亲核试剂发生2位加成反应；在与体积较大的位阻型N亲核试剂邻苯二甲酚亚胺反应时，未得到亲核试剂与极化的C＝N的加成产物，而是得到N烷基化的邻苯二甲酰亚胺，进一步研究表明，苯并咪唑盐将1（3）位N上的烷基转移给了邻苯二甲酰亚胺，并讨论了其反应机理和取代基，溶剂效应。

The results showed that the phytophagous insects in the spruce forest in Qilian Mountains exhibited obvious vertival stratification structure. According to the amounty of species of each structure, it could be divided into 6 insect communities, namely the insects community of the shrub and herbage (928 species), of the soil and root (780 species), of the tender end and needle (117 species), of the stem phloem and xylem (66 species), of the branch thin end twig shin (38 species), of the blossom and seed and fruit (14 species).

结果表明祁连山区青海云杉林中植食性昆虫具有明显的垂直分层结构，根据林分的垂直结构和昆虫寄生、取食树木组织部位可划分为6个群落，其种类由多到少依次为灌木和草本层昆虫群落（928种），土壤与根部昆虫群落（约780种），嫩梢与针叶昆虫群落（117种），树干韧皮部与木质部昆虫群落（66种）、枝梢与嫩皮昆虫群落（38种）、花与种实昆虫群落（14种）。

It was found that La〓 does not affect the binding affinity between calmodulin and Polistes Mastoparan, a known calmodulin binding peptide, neither the conformation of the ternary complex. Excessive amount of La〓 result in the decrease of the binding constant and the disrupted conformation. The binding affinity of La〓 to calmodulin increased in the ternary complex (La〓-CaM-Mas/Mas X), which suggested the coordination between the two global domains. The binding priority between the two global domains is also changed: La〓 more is likely to bind to the C-terminal of calmodulin than to N-terminal, thus facilitates the binding of Mas/Mas X to the C-terminal of calmodulin as the first step of the Mas/Mas X binding.

在以钙调蛋白结合肽—Polistes Mastoparan和Mastoparan X为对象的研究中，我们发现，除非过量，否则La〓的存在不影响钙调蛋白与Mas间的结合常数以及构象；过量的La〓（La〓/CaM摩尔比＞4）将引起钙调蛋白结合功能的下降，同时明显改变金属-钙调蛋白-Mas三元复合物的构象；La〓对Ca〓CaM-Mas的N末端表现高度选择性，显示了在三元复合物中两种离子间的协同效应；在三元体系中，La〓与钙调蛋白的亲和力明显上升，而且亲和力上升的程度因钙调蛋白结合肽的不同而有明显差异，显示了作用的选择性；Mas和MasX的存在改变了La〓在钙调蛋白上的结合顺序，La〓很可能优先与C末端结合，从而使Mas/Mas X首先与C末端结合，该顺序与钙离子相同；La〓的参与使三元复合物在动力学上更加稳定。

The polyspermy rate was significantly decreased when the semen samples were stored for longer (3 days). Some cleavage embryos were collected to identify their sexes in 3-4 days after in vitro fertilization. The ratio of male embryos, produced from the BTS semens stored for 1 and 3 days, were 60 % and 41 %, respectively, and 35 % and 48 % in the MIII semens.

使用不同稀释液，保存1与3日之精液进行体外受精，在培养3 - 4日后收集卵裂胚进行性别鉴定，在保存1日与3日之稀释液BTS组，雄胚性比率分别为60 %与41 %；在稀释液MIII组，保存1日与3日之雄性比率分别为35 %与48 %。

In the first part of this paper some theoretical problems are discussed. They include the definition and actural content of sustainable agriculture, the relation between development and environment, the merits and wrongs of modern agriculture,the traditional and modern technology and so on. The unification of productional, economical and ecological sustainment is emphasized.

文章讨论了可持续农业的定义与实际含义，对发展与环境、现代农业的功与过、替代还是发展、传统技术与现代科学技术的关系等理论问题进行了探讨并提出相应的见解，重点是强调生产持续性、经济持续性与生态持续性三者的统一，强调前进而不要后退。

The research of polymer/layered silicate nanocomposite was introduced detailedly, including the classify, property and the latest research advance. On the basis of consulting the document and the exploratory experiment, the experimental method which first creative preparing poly (acrylonitrile-vinyl acetate)/raontmorillonite nanocomposite by emulsion intercalation copolymerization was established; the structure and property of polyacrylonitrle different molecule weight with inorganic mineral super fine nanocomposite was reseached. The reaction principle of PMMA by photo-initution was explored. The mixture principle with productor condition, property of PE/Clay nanocomposite milt insert was seal prived. By PS/Clay nanocomposite munufacture, the monomer ins-polymerization and polymerial solution was proved.

在查阅文献和探索性实验的基础上，确定采用乳液原位插层聚合方法首先创制了聚/蒙脱土纳米复合材料，利用正交实验得出了最佳实验条件，通过X射线衍射和红外光谱对纳米复合材料的结构进行表征，研究了复合材料的溶解性能，并测定了其溶液的绝对粘度；研究了不同相对分子质量的聚丙烯腈与不同的无机矿物超细粉复合材料的结构与性能；探讨了在蒙脱土中光引发聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的反应机理；通过聚乙烯与粘土的纳米复合材料制备，探讨了热塑性树脂熔融插层复合机理与最佳工艺条件和复合材料性能关系；通过聚苯乙烯与蒙脱土纳米复合材料制备，验证了单体原位聚合插层和聚合物溶液插层机理。

The reseach on activity changes of SOD, POD and CAT during the somatic embryogenesis of Y35 showed:(1) The activty of SOD was from 52.98 to 133.20 U·g-1·h-1, and remained a rising trend after early single embryo forming, this revealed that SOD might be positively correlated to the differentiation of embryogenic cell and the development of somatic embryo.(2) The activty of POD was from 0.05 to 0.50 U·mg-1·min-1, ascended firstly and desceded later, and was highest in embryogenic callus and lowest in late single embryo , this revealed that POD might be positively correlated to the division and differentiation of proembryo mass, while negatively correlated to the development of PEMⅢto late single embryo.(3) The activty of CAT was from 0.86 to 2.81 U·mg-1·min-1, showed an up-down-up trend, reaching to the highest peak at the time of early embryo formating and decreasing to the lowest at the time of early cotyledonary embryo formating, this revealed that CAT might be positively correlated to the development of early single embryo, while negatively correlated to the formation of middle single embryo and early cotyledonary embryo.The changes in activty of SOD, POD and CAT indicated these three antioxidant enzymes coregulated the differentiation and development of embryogenic cells during Larix somatic embryogenesis.4. Differentially expressed cDNA libraries of the stages of proembryo mass and somatic embryo maturation were successfully constructed by suppression subtractive hybridization.

对Y35体细胞胚胎发生过程中抗氧化酶活性变化的研究显示：(1)SOD活性在52.98~133.20 U·g-1·h-1之间，并在早期单胚形成后一直保持上升的趋势，表明其与胚性细胞的分化及体细胞胚的发育均具呈正相关；(2)POD活性在0.05~0.50 U·mg-1·min-1之间，呈现出先下降后升高的趋势，在胚性愈伤组织中最高，而在后期单胚形成时降至最低，表明其与原胚团的分裂和分化呈正相关，但与PEMⅢ向后期单胚的发育呈负相关；(3)CAT活性在0.86~2.81 U·mg-1·min-1之间，表现出升-降-升的变化趋势，在早期单胚形成时升至最高，在早期子叶胚形成时降至最低，表明其与早期单胚的发育呈正相关，而与中期单胚和早期子叶胚的发育呈负相关。

By qualitative and quantitative analysis between stock markets price and macroeconomic variables that is GDP, inflation, money supply, interest rate and exchange rate, we conclude that these variables provides a benign long-run equilibrium relation with stock price, however there is a deviation interaction between stock price and macroeconomic variables during 2000 and 2003.except that we also analysis the interrelation between deposit, investment, consumption and stock price emphatically, and farther conclude those promotable interaction.

通过经济周期和宏观经济变量：国内生产总值、通货膨胀、货币供应量、利率和汇率，与股票价格的定性理论分析和定量的线性相关、回归方程分析，得出了在1991年至2002年期间我国股市价格与宏观经济相互促进、2000年至2003年股市价格与宏观经济相背离的结论。除此之外，本文还分析了股市价格与储蓄、投资和消费的关系，进一步说明了股市与储蓄、投资和消费的相互促进关系。

Results For single treatment groups,serum drug concentration of chlorpromazine and clozapine were related to age of patients (P＜0 05),concentration of clozapine was related to dosage (P=0 01).For combination group,concentration of chlorpromazine was related to dosage (P＜0 01),also related to scores of PANSS and general psychopathological symptoms (P=0 01),concentration of clozapine was related to scores of PANSS,negative and general psychopathological symptoms (P＜0 05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that forms and methods of treatment affected concentration of chlorpromazine,age of patients and methods of treatment affected concentration of clozapine.

结果 单用氯丙嗪和采用氯氮平组的血药浓度均与年龄相关（P＜0 05），氯氮平血药浓度与剂量线性正相关（P=0 01）；在双氯组中的氯丙嗪血药浓度与剂量线性正相关（P＜0 01），与PANSS总分及一般精神病理分相关（P=0 01），而氯氮平血药浓度与PANSS总分、阴性量表分及一般精神病理分明显相关（P＜0 05）；多元回归分析显示，治疗形式和治疗方法影响氯丙嗪血药浓度，年龄和治疗方法影响氯氮平血药浓度。

MTT assay FAK signaling pathway inhibitor genistein on human corneal epithelial cell cytotoxicity;RT-PCR detection of human corneal epithelial cells adhesion to fungus at different times,extracellular matrix protein including laminin,fibronectin,FN glass,Ⅳcollagen,transmembrane protein integrinαⅤ,integrinβ1(ITGβ1),as well as the FAK signaling pathway FAK1,FAK2 and Paxillin gene expression;Western blot detection of the signal transduction pathway adhesion-associated protein ITGβ1,FAK and PAX expression and the inhibition of genistein. Immunocytochemical method was used to observe the LN,FN and FAK expression in human corneal epithelial cells during interaction with the fungues;Laser scanning confocal microscope had a cell positioning on FN,FAK and PAX,observed the changing of the human corneal epithelial cytoskeleton after stimulated by fungues;Quantitatived by flow cytometry to detect of human corneal epithelial cells with PAX at ITGβ1 fungal expression after adhesion;Optical microscopy quantitied the fungues and human corneal epithelial cell adhesion and recorded to determination the integral optical density afrer adhesion;Scanning and transmitted electron microscope observed the changing of cell ultrastructure after fungues and human corneal epithelial cell adhesion.

第一部分真菌激活人角膜上皮细胞FAK信号转导通路的体外实验研究将三种常见致病真菌(白色念珠菌、烟曲霉菌和茄病镰刀菌)分别与人角膜上皮细胞共孵育，MTT法检测FAK信号通路抑制剂染料木黄酮的对人角膜上皮细胞的细胞毒性作用；RT-PCR检测真菌黏附人角膜上皮细胞后不同时间细胞外基质层连蛋白、纤连蛋白、玻连蛋白、Ⅳ型胶原、跨膜蛋白整合素αV、整合素β1(ITGβ1)，以及FAK信号通路中FAK1、FAK2和桩蛋白基因的表达情况；Western blot的方法检测黏附信号转导途径相关蛋白ITGβ1、FAK和PAX的表达，以及染料木黄酮对真菌刺激人角膜上皮细胞FAK信息通路活化的抑制作用；免疫细胞化学方法观察人角膜上皮细胞与真菌相互作用过程中LN、FN和FAK的表达；激光共聚焦显微镜对FN、FAK和PAX进行了细胞定位，并观察真菌刺激后人角膜上皮细胞骨架的变化；流式细胞仪定量检测人角膜上皮细胞ITGβ1与PAX在真菌黏附后表达的改变；光学显微镜观察真菌与人角膜上皮细胞黏附数量，记录并测定了黏附后积分光密度值OD扫描及投射电镜观察了真菌与人角膜上皮细胞黏附后，细胞超微结构的改变。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。