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Then,the mechanisms of PAHs accumulation,transfer and biodegradation and its effecting factors were elucidated combining field survey and laboratory simulation methods and environmental geochemistry,agrology and biology subjects.

本研究选择典型土壤/沉积物—生物系统，通过实地资料收集与室内分析与模拟相结合的方法，联合环境地球化学、土壤学、与生物学等学科，研究了典型土壤/沉积物—生物系统中PAHs的累积、迁移与降解机制与影响因素。

For composite foundation with compressible piles, based on displacement harmony condition, and combining with load transfer method and approximate solution of differential equation, analysis methods of linear and nonlinear interaction between piles and surrounding soil were suggested.

对柔性桩复合地基，是基于位移协调条件，并结合荷载传递法与微分方程的近似解法——子域法，提出了变截面自由单桩与地基土、刚性承台下柔性单桩和变截面柔性单桩与地基土、刚性承台下柔性群桩与地基土线性及非线性相互作用的分析方法，并得到有效桩长、桩与基土的荷载分配及刚性承台下各桩桩项荷载分配、荷载—沉降关系、荷载传递规律等有意义的结果。

For composite foundation with compressible piles, based on displacement harmony condition, and combining with load transfer method and approximate solution of differential equation, analysis methods of linear and nonlinear interaction between piles and surrounding soil were suggested. A lot of significative results, for example availability pile length, load distribution between piles and surrounding soil, load distribution among all piles under rigidity pile-cap, load-settlement relation etc, were obtained.

对柔性桩复合地基，是基于位移协调条件，并结合荷载传递法与微分方程的近似解法—子域法，提出了变截面自由单桩与地基土、刚性承台下柔性单桩和变截面柔性单桩与地基土、刚性承台下柔性群桩与地基土线性及非线性相互作用的分析方法，并得到有效桩长、桩与基土的荷载分配及刚性承台下各桩桩顶荷载分配、荷载一沉降关系、荷载传递规律等有意义的结果。

And then to discuss the relationship within individual art works and Cosmopolitism from the art works of my university period (1996-1999) to graduate school (2006-2008). The thesis is based on gay affections and awareness in activities of daily life. It also combines different art forms such as Literature, Design and Sculpture, attempting to find new creative notions, inner affections and pressures of social morality.

并探讨作者之作品与自我追求「大同」世界的关系，并从大学时期(1996~1999)至研究所时期(2006-2008)的作品，论述个人创作与情感的关连，主要探讨创作中的同志感情与生活的体认，并结合各种艺术形式，例如文学，设计与雕塑，试图从各种艺术找寻新的艺术创作理念，同志艺术家内心的情感，与社会道德赋予个人的压力。

By collecting ,testing, comparing, and analyzing the soil samples, soil recovery under the various recovery conditions along Mian CountyNingqiang highway was studied. The results were as follows herbaceous recovery to the soil fertility recovery in the prior was greater than the combination of grass and irrigation or than the pure bushes recovery. In each of them, the content of organic matter were 13.84, 7.50, 6.00 g·kg-1; In the recovery of herbaceous ecology, to grow leguminous plant and granminaceous plant together was better than pure graninaceous plant or pure leguminous plant. In each of them, the content of organic matter was 29.67, 17.51, 9.37 g·kg-1; to sow ryegrass and alfalfa together with some local grass seeds or to grow coxcomb, alfalfa and local couch grass together could bring better effects than to plant the alfalfa only. In each of them the increased organic matter contents were 4.93,17.51 and 9.37 g·kg-1;the quotas of the organic matter and alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen in soil fetility factor were closely connected, mainly because of the difference between the generation quantity and resolution quantity of the organic matter in the soil surface.

采集土壤样品，经室内分析化验，用对比分析的方法对勉县至宁强高速公路生态恢复中不同恢复类型条件下的土壤恢复进行了研究，结果表明草本恢复类型对前期土壤肥力的恢复作用大于草灌结合，并大于单纯灌木恢复类型，其中有机质含量分别为13.84、7.50和6.00 g·kg-1；在草本生态恢复类型中，豆科植物与禾本科植物混播恢复类型大于禾本科植物恢复类型的作用，并大于单纯豆科植物恢复类型的作用，其中有机质含量分别为29.67、17.51和9.37 g·kg-1；黑麦草与苜蓿混播并有当地草种入侵以及小冠花与苜蓿混播并播入当地草种羊茅，明显优于纯苜蓿单播，其中有机质含量分别增加了4.93和3.32 g·kg-1；土壤肥力因子中有机质与碱解氮两个指标有较好的相关性，主要与土壤表层有机质的生成量和分解量之差有关。

Starts with the three parts of the relationship of the villages and towns government and the villager committees and the relationship of the two rural committees and the relationship of the two rural committees and villager, analyzes how the agriculture tax-and-fee reformation effects on the villagers" autonomy systematically, and think the agriculture tax-and-fee reformation will be advantageous to die down "theadministeration turn" of the village committees, meliorate the relationship of the two rural committees and the crowd, alleviate the two rural committees antinomy, promote organization construction of the two rural committees, but in the meantime also bring some series problems for the village autonomy such as public finance problem, tax fee tail owe problem etc., in the end put forward that we should push forward the villager" autonomy of the post-agriculture tax ages from the four parts of the Grass-roots Government, relationship between officials and the masses, relationship between the two rural committees and the village collective economy.

本文针对以上问题，运用理论研究与实证分析、静态分析与动态分析相结合等研究方法，从乡镇政府与村民委员会关系、村"两委"关系以及村"两委"与村民关系等三方面入手，系统地分析了农业税费改革对村民自治的影响，认为农业税费改革将有利于减弱村民委员会的"行政化"、理顺村"两委"与群众的关系、缓解村"两委"矛盾、促进村"两委"的组织建设，同时也为村民自治带来了一系列问题，如财政问题、税费尾欠问题等，最后提出应从基层政权改革、干群关系、两委关系以及农村集体经济等四个方面来推进后农业税时代的村民自治。

In Taylor's hypothesis, material and spiritual stimulation, disciplinary and cultural management,visible and invisible environments are integrated successfully. Plenty of ideas about "social man" and "self-actualizing man" are enabling it to be "new economic man", which is sharply different from classical "economic man" in essence.

泰罗的&经济人&假设体现了物质刺激与精神刺激，外在刺激与内在刺激的结合；制度管理与文化管理，刚性管理与柔性管理的统一；硬环境与软环境，有形环境与无形环境的融合，蕴含了丰富的&社会人&、&自我实现人&的思想，本质上已区别于以往时代的&古典经济人&，成为&新经济人&。

The subgrade damages are divided into two-types: high subgrade and low subgrade damages. High subgrade damages of which are related to the embankment height and slope directions maily include longitudinal cracks and subgrade cracks. The higher of the embankment height, the greater of the happening rate. The mechanisms of high subgrade damages formation are analyzed by the observed dates of soil temperature within the embankment and damages survey. In warm permafrost regions, the damages are mainly caused by the formation and development of the thaw bulb and thaw layer. In cold permafrost regions, the damages are mainly caused by frozen bulges.

围绕这些病害特征及形成过程，提出了将多年冻土区填土路基病害分为低路基病害与高路基病害，目前青藏公路路基的病害形式主要表现为以纵向裂缝与路基开裂为主的高路基病害，并提出了高路基病害与路基高度及坡向直接相关，路基高度越高，高路基病害发生的几率越大；通过对高路基地温观测数据的分析，并结合高路基病害的调查结果，研究得出了不同地温区高路基病害的形成机理，提出高温冻土区主要是由于融化盘与融化夹层的形成与发展所引起的，低温冻土区主要是由于冻结核的形成与发展所引起的。

Content of the first year centers on Taiwan indigenous people's traditional culture, such as their ways of living, rituals and ceremonies, crafts and art, music, as well as their current political, social, economical, medical, cultural and art situation. We have organized videotapes related to these topics and start to digitize, analyze, and extract metadata from them. In cooperation with scientists of IIS and CC of Academia Sinica, artists and professional people from Center for the Study of Technology and Art of Taipei National University of the Arts were able to construct a prototype of a video digital museum, with their expertise in web art, multimedia, visual art, scriptwriting and website construction.

第一年在内容部分的主要工作，是将有关台湾原住民各族传统生活方式、祭仪、工艺、音乐等传统文化，与台湾原住民现代政治、经济、医疗、文化、艺术等相关影音资料进行整理、数化、分析及建立诠释资料，并与中研院资讯所与计算中心合作，藉由现有相关技术与设备的整合应用，结合台北艺术大学科技艺术研究所与研究中心在网路、多媒体、视觉艺术、脚本设计与电脑网站建构之经验，建立一个电子影音数位博物馆的原型。

As a postgraduate majoring in vocal music, I developed a deep passion for the piece of music through the study of the original materials and practical singing on the concert. I feels that is of great value to make further study about it. Therefore, I gathered a lot of materials, study of the German pronunciation, analysis of the videotapes and other comprehensive devices to explore deeply the implication of the divertimento and its ideological thoughts.

因此，本人通过有关文献的收集、德语语音的学习、音像资料分析以及综合分析等研究方法与途径，结合自己的演唱实践与体会，分析了整部套曲的音乐特点，挖掘了套曲所蕴涵的独特意境、情感深思和思想内涵，立足于研究声乐套曲《妇女的爱情与生活》的演唱所包含的诸多方面：套曲演唱的语音、套曲演唱的音准与节奏、套曲演唱的音色与力度、套曲演唱的情感表现与演唱处理等作进一步深刻地研究，从而对这部声乐作品有更加形象、生动的认识及更深入的了解。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。