与...竞争

Based on Stahl (1988), this paper extends symmetric model in duopoly in Spulber (2002), analyzes the asymmetric model of competition with both different inputs and outputs, and examines in detail the impact of differential parameter of supply and demand on competition.

本文以Stahl(1988)为基础，将斯普尔伯(2002)对称的双寡头垄断中间化对称模型进行扩展，分析了投入品与产出品都不同的非对称寡头竞争模型，并详细考察了供给、需求差异化参数对竞争的影响。

In a fiercely competitive market, the corporation and its head-on competitors are likely to be dissecting the market in similar ways.

在一个竞争激烈的市场上，公司的竞争对手极有可能采取与自己类似的市场手段。

Though the speedy development of shipping logistics industry in our country, there are still low jumping-off, weak base, management draggle, technique weakness, work lack criterion etc weakness, so the shipping company of our country cannot supply high level logistics service to customer to satisfy their need.

这促使世界各国各大航运企业均集中力量对陆上运输、海上运输、空中运输、仓储及信息流通等关键环节进行有效投入，对他们的航运物流系统进行整合，研究如何将航运业与物流相结合，创建航运业独特的、高效的综合物流系统，向现代综合物流发展，以求获得竞争优势，在竞争日益加剧的航运市场站稳脚跟，抢占市场，获得利润。

The firms located in industrial cluster are important ties that linked the local industrial cluster and the global production network. They are as well as the micro-dynamics for the clusters' upgrading and evolution in the context of economic globalization. The existing researches on industrial cluster almost focus on the cluster's competitive advantages as a whole unit, which has supposed the firms in clusters are homogeneous and opportunity equipotent that can get extra advantages compared to the un-clustered firms.

集群企业正成为联系地方产业集群与全球生产网络的重要纽带，是经济全球化背景下产业集群升级和演进的微观动力；从已有的集群理论研究成果来看，目前的研究主要集中于集群整体层面，研究的焦点是对集群整体的竞争优势进行探讨，集群企业被假定为是具有同质性和机会均等性的，相对于非集群企业可以获得一种"非对称"的特殊竞争优势。

But to the fiscal expenditure competition,it is still a new question in various areas.And this kind of competition brings out various problems when it is used as important exterior power to develop the economy by local governments.

而在自由支配权限日益增大的情况下，各级地方政府为了吸引更多的经济资源、资本投资流入到本辖区，竞相提供优质的地方公共产品和更好的财税优惠政策，这就产生了财政支出竞争与税收竞争。

The competitive advantage in the junior stage is an advantage of the cost, deriving from the incensement in valid demand and supply of high technology products, economy of external scale and external scope, the specializing division of labour on the basis of specialization and the decreasement of transaction cost; but the advantage of the cost is difficult to maintain. The industry cluster competition advantage of the new and high-tach of senior stage is an innovative advantage, stemming from the innovation network of area, which is unable to imitate, existing for a long time.

初级阶段高新技术产业群竞争优势为成本优势，这种优势来源于产品的有效需求与供给增加、外部规模经济、外部范围经济、专业化分工及交易费用的减少，但成本优势难以持久：高级阶段高新技术产业群竞争优势为创新优势，来源于区域创新网络，创新优势无法模拟，可长期存在。

In addition, through the fable text of competition and cooperation between Zhang-shengjun and other gods repelling that gods obtains the best ecology position by competing and cooperating in space and time Uygur, function Uygur and relationship Uygur, and guaranteeing the ecology system of folk belief in the state of harmony and equilibrium.

此外，通过分析张圣君与其他神祗之间竞争斗法、互相排斥收编、规避合作等传说文本，观照在民间信仰这个庞大的生态系统中，诸神如何通过时空维、功能维和关系维展开竞争合作，获得最佳生态位，保证在民间祀神体系中占有一席之地，进而维持整个民间祀神体系处于和谐、平衡状态。

Current, the competition of our country and forestall are not the competition in the market economy on complete meaning and forestall.

目前，我国的竞争与垄断并不是完全意义上的市场经济中的竞争和垄断。

Our country's reformation is being assault fortified positions.

与以往竞争所不同的是，人才成为企业竞争的关键因素。

Based on the analytical model of competitive advantage,"Strategic group" helps address four major categories in industrial competition, and an"Innovation Map" has been applied to the understanding of the opportunities of firms.

在产业构面的分析中，利用「竞争策略群组」的观念，探讨在不同群组间的关键成功因素及营运功能特性，并根据策略群组之特性，确认企业之策略定位及了解竞争对手与产业环境现况。

Shop assistant: Please check at the door.

店员：请您到门口柜台交费。

In the end, transportation of PAHs in the environmental matrix was preliminarily investigated and discussed according to PAHs data of soils and sediments from a certain region in Shanghai. The result indicated that there are two or more pathways on PAHs transportation in the environmental matrix.

最后，对上海特定地区内PAHs在环境介质中的迁移径途进行了分析讨论，结果表明上海市土壤和沉积物等环境介质中PAHs的迁移存在多种途径。