不高贵的

Now that I have, not without difficulty, elucidated some tricky problems - who and what is worthy of the aulic vernacular, as well as which form I consider worthy of such honour as, alone, to be suited for the vernacular at its highest - I wish, before moving on to other matters, to enquire thoroughly into the canzone form, which many clearly employ more at random than according to the rules; and since, so far, all this has been taken for granted, I will now throw open the workshop of that art (leaving the forms of ballata and sonnet aside for the moment, since I plan to explain them in the fourth book of the present work, which will deal with the middle level of the vernacular).

上面我不无艰难地阐释了一些棘手的问题——谁和什么东西能够与高贵的方言相配，以及是什么构成了我认为能与最高贵的方言相配并享有这一荣誉的事物——我希望在转而讨论其他问题之前，对歌曲这一形式进行彻底探究，很多歌曲明显是随意创作而非根据特定的规则；因此，到目前为止，所有这些都被想当然地认可了，我将打开这一技艺工匠铺（暂时不考虑民谣和十四行诗，因为我将在本书的第四章再做解释，第四章将探讨中等的方言）。

A noble place; inside as well as out, a noble place--a house in which you incontinently lost yourself if ever you were so rash as to go about it alone; a house in which no one room had any sympathy with another, every chamber running off at a tangent into an inner chamber, and through that down some narrow staircase leading to a door which, in its turn, led back into that very part of the house from which you thought yourself the furthest; a house that could never have been planned by any mortal architect, but must have been the handiwork of that good old builder--Time, who, adding a room one year, and knocking down a room another year, toppling down a chimney coeval with the Plantagenets, and setting up one in the style of the Tudors; shaking down a bit of Saxon wall there,and allowing a Norman arch to stand here; throwing in a row of high narrow windows in the reign of Queen Anne, and joining on a dining-room after the fashion of the time of Hanoverian George I.

一个高贵的地方，里里外外，全然是个高贵的地方——好一个府邸，如果你竟鲁莽得独自东闯西跑，你立刻就会茫然迷失；好一个府邸，其中没有一个房间同另一个房间有什么和谐一致之处，每个房间都逸出常轨，突入一个内室，再经由内室下到某一个楼梯上，楼梯通向一个门，门又导引你回到了老地方，你还自以为这是府邸中离此最远的部分哩；好一个府邸，任何人间的建筑师都设计不出来的，必定是善良古老的建设者——时间——亲手营造的。时间在这一年增加了一个房间，在另一年又弄塌了一个房间；一会儿推倒一个与金雀花王朝同时代的烟囱，另外垒起一个都锋王朝风格的烟囱；那儿推倒一点儿撒克逊时代的墙垣，这儿又容许建立一道诺曼拱门；既把安女王统治时期流行的一排又高又狭的窗子硬装了上去，又按照乔治一世时代的时髦样式修建了餐室，同一个自从威廉征服英国以来兀立至今的斋堂相毗连。

A noble place inside as well as out , a noble place--a house in which you incontinently lost yourself if ever you were so rash as to go about it alone a house in which no one room had any sympathy with another , every chamber running off at a tangent into an inner chamber , and through that down some narrow staircase leading to a door which , in its turn , led back into that very part of the house from which you thought yourself the furthest a house that could never have been planned by any mortal architect , but must have been the handiwork of that good old builder--Time , who , adding a room one year , and knocking down a room another year , toppling down a chimney coeval with the Plantagenets , and setting up one in the style of the Tudors shaking down a bit of Saxon wall there ,and allowing a Norman arch to stand here throwing in a row of high narrow windows in the reign of Queen Anne , and joining on a dining-room after the fashion of the time of Hanoverian George I .

一个高贵的地方，里里外外，全然是个高贵的地方--好一个府邸，如果你竟鲁莽得独自东闯西跑，你立刻就会茫然迷失；好一个府邸，其中没有一个房间同另一个房间有什么和谐一致之处，每个房间都逸出常轨，突入一个内室，再经由内室下到某一个楼梯上，楼梯通向一个门，门又导引你回到了老地方，你还自以为这是府邸中离此最远的部分哩；好一个府邸，任何人间的建筑师都设计不出来的，必定是善良古老的建设者--时间--亲手营造的。

Some are good-tempered, sluggish, and little prone to ferocity, as the ox; others are quick tempered, ferocious and unteachable, as the wild boar; some are intelligent and timid, as the stag and the hare; others are mean and treacherous, as the snake; others are noble and courageous and high-bred, as the lion; others are thorough-bred and wild and treacherous, as the wolf: for, by the way, an animal is highbred if it come from a noble stock, and an animal is thorough-bred if it does not deflect from its racial characteristics.

一些是好脾气的，行动迟缓的，不大倾向于残暴的，像是公牛；其它是容易发火的，残暴的，不可以教化，像是野猪，；一些是聪明而且胆小的，像是牡鹿和兔子；其它是普通跟奸诈的，就像蛇；一些是高贵勇敢和良种的，例如狮子；一些是良种的，野性的和奸诈的，例如狼；因为，顺便说一下，一种动物是良种的，如果它来自于高贵的血统；一种动物是纯种的，如果它没有改变它的种族特点。

Besides the noble art of getting things done, there is a nobler art of leaving things undone.

除了有高贵的艺术将事做好以外，还有高贵的艺术不将事做完成。

Ressentiment itself, if it should appear in the noble man, consummates and exhausts itself in an immediate reaction, and therefore does not poison : on the other hand, it fails to appear at all on countless occasions on which it inevitably appears in the weak and impotent.

当一个高贵的人感受到怨恨的时候，这怨恨会爆发，并且消耗在一种瞬间的反应中，因此也就不会起毒化作用：此外，在许多场合下，高贵者丝毫不感到怨恨，而所有的软弱者和无能者却会毫无例外地感到怨恨。

A race of such men of ressentiment is bound to become eventually cleverer than any noble race; it will also honor cleverness to a far greater degree: namely, as a condition of existence of the first importance; while with nobler men cleverness can easily acquire a subtle flavor of luxury and subtlety—for here it is far less essential than the perfect functioning of the regulating unconscious instincts or even that a certain imprudence, perhaps a bold recklessness whether in the face of danger or of the enemy, or that enthusiastic impulsiveness in anger, love, reverence, gratitude, and revenge by which noble souls have at all times recognized one another.

这种仇恨者的种族最终必然会比任何一个高贵的种族更加聪明，而且它对聪明尊崇的程度也大不相同：它把聪明当做其生存的首要条件，而高贵者只是把聪明当作奢侈和精致的一种高雅的变味品来享受：——即使在这方面，聪明比起无意识的调节本能那样一种完美的功能性保障也早已不那么重要了，甚至比起一种特定的不聪明来，比起某种更加勇敢的蛮干，哪怕蛮干会招灾树敌，比起那为所有时代的高尚灵魂都要重新认识的激怒、热爱、敬畏、感激和报复等等狂热的情感爆发来，聪明早已不再重要了。

He bid me observe it, and I should always find, that the Calamitles of Life were shared among the upper and lower Part of Mankind; but that the middle Station had the fewest Disasters, and was not exposd to so many Vicisitudes as the higher or lower Part of Mankind; nay, they were not subjected to so many Distempers and Uneasiness either of Body or Mind, as those were who, by vicious Living, Luxury and Extravagancies on one Hand, or by hard Labour, Want of Necessaries, and mean or insufficient Diet on the other Hand, bring Distempers upon themselves by the natural Consequences of their Way of Living; That the middle Station of Life was calculated for, all kind of Vertues and all kinds of Enjoyments; that Peace and Plenty were the Hand-maids of a middle Fortune; that Temperance, Moderation, Quietness, Health, Society, all agreeable Diversions, and all desirable Pleasures, were the Blessings attending the middle Station of Life; that this Way Men went silently and smoothly thro the World, and comfortably out of it, not embarassd with the Labours of the Hands or of the Head, not sold to the Life of Slavery for daily Bread, or harrast with perplexd Circumstances, which rob the Soul of Peace, and the Body of Rest; not enragd with the Passion of Envy, or secret burning Lust of Ambition for great things; but in easy Circumstances sliding gently thro the World, and sensibly tasting the Sweets of living, without the bitter, feeling that they are happy, and learning by every Days Experience to know it more sensibly.

他说，我自己可以从下面的事实中认识到，中间地位的生活确实幸福无比；这就是，人人羡慕这种地位，许多帝王都感叹其高贵的出身给他们带来的不幸后果，恨不得自己出生于贫贱与高贵之间的中间阶层。明智的人也证明，中间阶层的人能获得真正的幸福。《圣经》中的智者也曾祈祷：&使我既不贫穷，也不富裕。&他提醒我，只要用心观察，就会发现上层社会和下层社会的人都多灾多难，唯中间阶层灾祸最少。中间阶层的生活，不会像上层社会和下层社会的人那样盛衰荣辱，瞬息万变。而且，中间地位不会像阔佬那样因挥霍无度、腐化堕落而弄得身心俱病；也不会像穷人那样因终日操劳、缺吃少穿而搞得憔悴不堪。唯有中间地位的人可享尽人间的幸福和安乐。中等人常年过着安定富足的生活。适可而止，中庸克己，健康安宁，交友娱乐，以及生活中的种种乐趣，都是中等人的福份。这种生活方式，使人平静安乐，怡然自得地过完一辈子，不受劳心劳力之苦。他们既不必为每日生计劳作，或为窘境所迫，以至伤身烦神；也不会因妒火攻心，或利欲薰心而狂躁不安。中间阶层的人可以平静地度过一生，尽情地体味人生的甜美，没有任何艰难困苦；他们感到幸福，并随着时日的过去，越来越深刻地体会到这种幸福。

He bid me observe it, and I should always find, that the Calamitles of Life were shared among the upper and lower Part of Mankind; but that expos'd to so many Vicisitudes as the higher or lower Part of Mankind; nay, they were not subjected to so many Distempers and Uneasiness either of Body or Mind, as those were who, by vicious Living, Luxury and Extravagancies on one Hand, or by hard Labour, Want of Necessaries, and mean or insufficient Diet on the other Hand, bring Distempers upon themselves by the natural Consequences of their Way of Living; That the middle Station of Life was calculated for, all kind of Vertues and all kinds of Enjoyments; that Peace and Plenty were the Hand-maids of a middle Fortune; that Temperance, Moderation, Quietness, Health, Society, all agreeable Diversions, and all desirable Pleasures, were the Blessings attending the middle Station of Life; that this Way Men went silently and smoothly thro' the World, and comfortably out of it, not embarass'd with the Labours of the Hands or of the Head, not sold to the Life of Slavery for daily Bread, or harrast with perplex'd Circumstances, which rob the Soul of Peace, and the Body of Rest; not enrag'd with the Passion of Envy, or secret burning Lust of Ambition for great things; but in easy Circumstances sliding gently thro' the World, and sensibly tasting the Sweets of living, without the bitter, feeling that they are happy, and learning by every Day's Experience to know it more sensibly.

就我的社会地位而言，正好介于两者之间，即一般所说的中间地位。从他长期的经验判断，这是世界上最好的阶层，这种中间地位也最能使人幸福。他们既不必像下层大众从事艰苦的体力劳动而生活依旧无着；也不会像那些上层人物因骄奢淫逸、野心勃勃和相互倾轧而弄得心力交瘁。他说，我自己可以从下面的事实中认识到，中间地位的生活确实幸福无比；这就是，人人羡慕这种地位，许多帝王都感叹其高贵的出身给他们带来的不幸后果，恨不得自己出生于贫贱与高贵之间的中间阶层。明智的人也证明，中间阶层的人能获得真正的幸福。《圣经》中的智者也曾祈祷：&使我既不贫穷，也不富裕。&他提醒我，只要用心观察，就会发现上层社会和下层社会的人都多灾多难，唯中间阶层灾祸最少。中间阶层的生活，不会像上层社会和下层社会的人那样盛衰荣辱，瞬息万变。而且，中间地位不会像阔佬那样因挥霍无度、腐化堕落而弄得身心俱病；也不会像穷人那样因终日操劳、缺吃少穿而搞得憔悴不堪。唯有中间地位的人可享尽人间的幸福和安乐。中等人常年过着安定富足的生活。适可而止，中庸克己，健康安宁，交友娱乐，以及生活中的种种乐趣，都是中等人的福份。这种生活方式，使人平静安乐，怡然自得地过完一辈子，不受劳心劳力之苦。他们既不必为每日生计劳作，或为窘境所迫，以至伤身烦神；也不会因妒火攻心，或利欲薰心而狂躁不安。中间阶层的人可以平静地度过一生，尽情地体味人生的甜美，没有任何艰难困苦；他们感到幸福，并随着时日的过去，越来越深刻地体会到这种幸福。

As Thorstein Veblen noted over a century ago in "The Theory of the Leisure Class"—the book in which he coined the phrase "conspicuous consumption"—spending lavishly on expensive but essentially wasteful goods and services is "evidence of wealth" and the "failure to consume in due quantity and quality becomes a mark of inferiority and demerit."

一个多世纪前，托尔斯坦？凡勃伦写了《有闲阶级论》，在该书他创造了一个短语：炫耀性消费，表明在奢华而无用的产品和服务上花钱是&财富的证明&，而无能力购买足够数量的高质产品则被视为身份不高贵的劣等人。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了