不重要

The effect of tribology factors on bearing vibration is studied experimentally. AR model and WPT are used to processing the normal arid abnormal signals. The results are as follows:1. The vibration of ball bearings is caused by the tribology action of contact pairs of ball and ring races and has the essential of tribo-dynamics. Any factors affecting the tribology characteristics of contact pairs will affect vibration and noise of bearings consequently.2. Vibration characteristics of bearing keep almostly unchanged with the increasing of axial load expecting the increasing of nature frequencies. When radial load increasing with axial load unchanged, nature frequencies keep unchanged but some new vibration peaks appears in the spectrum.3. Vibration amplitudes are damped and nature frequency are enhanced with sufficient lubrication. Vibration and noise of bearings increase obviously and roar can happen and the contact surfaces scratch slightly under insufficient and unclean lubrication state. Bearing will be disabled in a few minutes without any lubrication.4. Bearing vibration is unstable under low speed. With the speed increasing, the vibration become stable and natural frequencies increase slightly but the amplitudes increase apparently.5. Bearing vibration can be excited only by some harmonics ofwaviness without lubrication and by all harmonics with lubrication based on the theoretical analysis.6. The nature frequencies of ball bearings decrease with the increasing sizes. When international clearance increasing, nature frequencies decrease in radial and increase in axial and angular and the amplitudes increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular. When the number of balls increasing, nature frequencies increase and amplitudes decrease. When the pitch diameter increasing, axial nature frequency increase and others nearly keep no change. When outer race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular and amplitudes keep no change in radial and increase in axial and angular. When inner race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies decrease and amplitudes increase.7. The distortion in amplitude and frequency components of bearing vibration signals picked up by the present probe measurement method is founded and right conclusions cannot be achieved by the signals. When accelerometer is rigidly screwed with steel stud onto a flat outer surface of a ball bearing, vibration signal can be got without distortion and the reliability of research on bearing vibration is assured.8. AR model is suitable for large samples of bearing vibration signals, square root of length of samples can be used as the upper limitation of order determination and the FPE order selection criterion is effective. Many advantages of AR spectrum are founded over the classical based on FFT.9. Time-Frequency analysis is necessary for abnormal noise of ball bearings. WPT overcomes the principle shortcomings of STFT and proved to be a best tool to process the abnormal signals.

理论分析和试验研究表明： 1球轴承振动是钢球—滚道接触副中的各种摩擦学作用引起的，具有摩擦动力学的本质，任何对接触副的摩擦学特性有影响的因素都将对球轴承的振动和噪声特性产生影响； 2中心轴向载荷作用下，载荷增大使球轴承的固有振动频率升高，载荷越大同样的载荷增幅引起的频率升幅减小，足够大的中心轴向载荷作用下载荷的变化对球轴承振动的频率特性不会产生明显的影响； 3轴向和径向联合载荷作用下，径向载荷不大时球轴承振动的固有频率基本不变，但是可能引起变刚度激励的非线性振动，出现新的频峰，过大的径向载荷将使部分钢球脱离接触，使球轴承的振动和噪声呈现不稳定状态； 4润滑对球轴承的振动和噪声特性有重要的影响，良好的润滑对振动有明显的抑制作用，润滑不充分时，振动和噪声的水平会有明显增高，一定条件下还会激发接触副中的谐振，发出啸声，造成接触表面的伤害，无润滑干接触时，短时的运转就会损伤接触副表面，使振动和噪声迅速增大，并随时可能引发严重的磨损和卡滞失效；接触副润滑良好时，油膜的"刚化效应"使球轴承振动的固有频率有所提高，润滑剂中含有弥散性污浊时，振动的幅度总体升高，但弥散性污浊不会改变球轴承振动的频率特性；浙江大学博士学位论文：球轴承振动的研究 5低速时，球轴承振动的基本特征呈现不稳定状态，随着转速的提高，球轴承振动的频率特性趋于稳定，固有频率频峰升高； 6理论分析表明，干接触时钢球和滚道表面波纹度的某些谐波分量能激励球轴承的振动，振动的幅值与谐波幅值成正比，实际球轴承中钢球的分布不可能完全均匀，波纹度的激励作用会随时发生；润滑接触的分析表明，波纹度的任意谐波分量均能激励球轴承的振动； 7球轴承的几何和结构参数分析表明，球轴承尺寸越大，径向、轴向和角振动的固有频率越低；钢球中心圆直径增大，球轴承的径向和轴向振动的固有频率基本不变，角振动的固有频率有所上升，振动的幅频特性基本不变；径向游隙加大使球轴承的径向振动固有频率降低，轴向和角振动的固有频率有所升高，径向振动幅频特性的幅值升高，而轴向和角向降低；钢球的数量增多使球轴承振动的固有频率上升，幅频特性的幅值下降，径向振动的幅值下降最为明显；外圈沟曲率半径系数增大使球轴承径向振动的固有频率升高，轴向和角振动的固有频率降低，径向幅频特性基本不变，轴向和角向幅频特性幅值升高；内圈沟曲率半径系数增大使径向、轴向和角振动固有频率均下降，振动幅频特性的幅值均有升高； 8试验对比表明，传感器采用探针式安装时，由于探针接触副接触特性的影响，钡(量得到的球轴承振动信号有失真，采用专门设计和制作的试验球轴承，以固定式安装加速度计，首次测量得到了球轴承振动的真实信号，通过对振动信号的分析，验证了球轴承振动的理论模型； 9)基于时间序列分析的AR模型适用于大样本球轴承振动信号的分析，以样本长度的均方根值作定阶上界，FPE做判阶准则，给出的AR谱光滑，频率分辨率高，是球轴承振动分析的简便而可靠的手段； 10以时频域分析的小波包变换分析球轴承异音信号能够比较好地定位和聚焦异音发生的时间，时间间隔，频率范围，同样是球轴承振动分析的可靠的手段，可用作球轴承故障诊断技术。

The goal of this thesis is to protect fair competition of the market and consumer's rights and interests, chapter one is the introduction, the aim and the motive of the research and research range; Chapter two is the advertising summary, recommend meaning , introduce the regulation of false or misleading advertisement in our country and foreign countries; Chapter three collects the cases regarding false, untrue or misleading advertisement from Consumer Protection Law and Fair Trade Law, as well as the documents and theories in order to form important basis to make out a set of judgment criterion with four stages to determent a false, untrue or misleading advertisement at Chapter four. Chapter five focuses on the civil liabilities of advertising media of the advertising agency; Chapter six is the conclusion which gives suggestion to improve recent determination structure on false, untrue or misleading advertisement.

本文以保护市场之公平竞争以及消费者权益的角度为出发，第一章为绪论，说明研究动机研究方法与研究范围；第二章为不实广告概述，介绍不实广告之意义以及我国与国外对其之法律规范作说明；第三章为收集消费者保护法与公平交易法的相关案例以及文献与学说形成判断不实广告架构的重要依据，而在第四章对於我国判断不实广告之原则做个重新建构，按虚伪不实与引人错误系两种不同之概念，本文依其拟制出一套新四阶段的不实广告判断准则；第五章系整理不实广告的关系人企业主、广告媒体业、广告代理业之民事责任并分析其所负之责任；第六章为结论并提出改善我国不实广告之判断准则之建议。

Survey shows that the real estate industry is a major means of tax evasion: individual real estate enterprises to take advantage of off-the-books, accounting, false invoices for the apparent increase of tax evasion; part of the real estate business to avoid tax regulation, does not accurately pre - pay corporate income taxes; own Jian'an inflated costs, the cost ratio does not follow the principle of carry-over, corporate profits as the year in advance the size of carry-over costs, man-made regulation of profits, corporate income tax evasion; together to build the party issuing false invoices, the expansion of another party development costs, the transfer of profits, corporate income tax evasion; advance purchase transactions shall be pegged not to declare their taxable accounts, low-priced sale of product development, drilling policies do not take advantage of value-added tax timely clearing of land; sales garage, storage room through the non-Non-invoiced transfer income, tax evasion related taxes; way to reduce the recording of non-existent staff made售房sales royalty income, personal income tax evasion; with branches or associated enterprises business is not a normal transaction between independent enterprises, and through cross-cutting shared billing or concealed operating items, operating income to conceal tax evasion; bank into the personal housing mortgage loans credited to the "short-term borrowing" subjects, the transfer of income, tax evasion business tax, land value-added tax and enterprise income tax; will develop products for their own use, foreign donations, to cover the debt in exchange for non-monetary assets are not regarded as sales in accordance with the regulations and carry-over income, tax evasion related taxes.

调查显示，房地产业是一个重要的手段逃税：个别房地产企业利用账外账，会计，假发票的情况明显增加逃税；部分房地产业务，以避免税收调节，并没有准确地预先-支付公司所得税；夸大自己的建安成本，费用率并不遵循结转，企业利润为提前一年规模结转成本，人为调节利润，逃避企业所得税；共同建设党的虚开发票，扩大另一方开发成本，转移利润，逃避企业所得税；预购交易应盯住不申报应纳税帐户，低价销售的产品开发，钻政策不利用增值税及时交换土地；销售车库，储藏室通过非非发票转让收入，偷税漏税有关的税收；方式，以减少该记录不存在的工作人员取得售房销售版税收入，逃避个人所得税；与分支机构或关联企业的业务不是一个正常的独立企业之间的交易，并通过交叉共享帐单或隐瞒经营项目，隐瞒经营收入逃税；银行的个人住房按揭贷款记入"短期借款"科目，转移收入，偷税漏税营业税，土地增值税和企业所得税；将开发的产品供自己使用，外国捐款，用于支付债务，以换取非货币性资产不视为销售依照条例和结转收入，偷税漏税有关的税收。房价上涨后，股市下跌

Danto: Yes, I do think that's important, that when you pick it up and you start reading it you think you're reading about an adult Spanish nobleman in La Mancha etc., and all his hallucinations and fantasies and so forth, and somebody says,'Oh no, this was written by a 19th century Frenchman, a poet, a symbolist poet, and it's really about language, it's not about Spain at all', you'd say,'But I would never have known that', and I'd say,'Well, no, but if you look on the copyright page, you'll see that it's copyrighted 1897'- and so forth, and you'd have to give it a very different interpretation.

丹图：是的，我不认为那是重要的，当你把那本书拿起来开始读的时候，你以为你在读关于一位成年的西班牙拉曼查那地方的绅士的故事等等，以及他的那些走火入魔和异想天开等等，有人就说，"啊不，这是19世纪的一个法国人写的，是个诗人，象征主义诗人，它其实是关于语言的，完全和西班牙不沾边"，你说，"但是，我本来不会知道这个的呀，"我将说，"嗯，你不知道，但是如果你看看版权页，你会看到那是1897年的版权"——如此等等，那你就得对它做一种非常不同的解释了。

Dyeing hair in the bathroom may not seem like a major turning point in anyone's life, but in that minor moment, I discovered a major capacity to accept how Nia's journey is different than mine-because she is a girl.

在浴室中染头发看起来不太可能成为人生中重要的转折点，但是在那个并不重要的时刻，我却学会了一个重要的能力：接受Nia的生活轨迹与我的生活历程是如此的不同——因为她是一个女孩子。

One is that the original and literal meaning of truth is being true and the other that it is the common topic both for Western logicians and philosophers who understand and interpret it quite differently.

此外还有一个非常重要的原因，西方哲学家所关注的最重要的少数几个核心问题之一，西方哲学中最重要的少数几个核心概念之一，乃是&是真的&这种意义上的东西，而不是&真理&。

A new study idea that makes the occupant injury prevention research and CAD/CAE technology on an integrate mathematical model by means of feature theories and feature design technologies was brought, and it is maybe useful if we study automobile passive safety on a new view of point.The conclusions of this thesis included that what are the main factors of airbag-related injuries and the preventive measures, based on the research of the relationships between injury parameters, such as HIC, chest acceleration, neck force, neck moment, femur axial force etc, and impact speed, belt-use, occupant size (50th and 5th), sitting position and so on. The thesis evaluated whether the effectiveness of the airbag can be increased by making the airbag adaptive to the crash conditions, and points out that the size of the ventilation hole has the dominating influence on the performance of the airbag and is a key factor for intelligent airbag, multi-stage and lower-power inflator can cost effectively minimize the risk of injury to occupants from crashes. It is important for the researchers of intelligent airbag to keep the small size unbelted occupants in focus and it is necessary to study deeply the influence of airbag fold patterns and the extremity out-of-position situation. These topics are important in the study of occupant injury prevention and vehicle safety design.

论文研究得出产生气囊损伤的主要原因和防护措施；在研究汽车碰撞速度、安全带使用情况、乘员的体型5~(th和50~、乘员乘坐的位置等不同事故条件作用下，乘员的头部、颈部、胸部和腿部损伤参数变化规律的基础上，论文从能量因素出发，深入研究了安全气囊卸载能力、气体发生器产气能力和气囊折叠对乘员损伤参数的影响，指出起卸载作用的排气孔其截面积是智能型安全气囊最重要的控制参数之一，以及采用降能展开或二次充气气囊有助于提高汽车安全防护性等重要结论；论文在参数分析的基严内容提要2 础上得出的智能型安全气囊应以不佩戴安全带的5乘员作为主要防护目标进行研究、有必要深入研究气囊折叠形式和司机处于极端离位状况时对损伤参数的影响等结论，对深入进行汽车乘员碰撞损伤研究和汽车安全性设计都具有重要的理论和工程实际意义。

How when we are in a Doubt or Hesitation, whether to go this Way, or that Way, a secret Hint shall direct us this Way, when we intended to go that Way; nay, when Sense, our own Inclination, and perhaps Business has call'd to go the other Way, yet a strange Impression upon the Mind, from we know not what Springs, and by we know not what Power, shall over-rule us to go this Way; and it shall afterwards appear, that had we gone that Way which we should have gone, and even to our Imagination ought to have gone, we should have been ruin'd and lost: Upon these, and many like Reflections, I afterwards made it a certain Rule with me, That whenever I found those secret Hints, or pressings of my Mind, to doing, or not doing any Thing that presented; or to going this Way, or that Way, I never fail'd to obey the secret Dictate; though I knew no other Reason for it, than that such a Pressure, or such a Hint hung upon my Mind: I could give many Examples of the Success of this Conduct in the Course of my Life; but more especially in the latter Part of my inhabiting this unhappy Island; besides many Occasions which it is very likely I might have taken Notice of, if I had seen with the same Eyes then, that I saw with now: But 'tis never too late to be wise; and I cannot but advise all considering Men, whose Lives are attended with such extraordinary Incidents as mine, or even though not so extraordinary, not to slight such secret Intimations of Providence, let them come from what invisible Intelligence they will, that' I shall not discuss, and perhaps cannot account for; but certainly they are a Proof of the Converse of Spirits, and the secret Communication between those embody'd, and those unembody'd; and such a Proof as can never be withstood: Of which I shall have Occasion to give some very remarkable Instances, in the Remainder of my solitary Residence in this dismal Place.

有时，我们会陷入无所适从的境地，踌躇不定不知道该走哪条路才好。这时候，内心常常会出现一种暗示，指示我们走这条路，虽然我们原来想走的是那条路。不仅如此，有时我们的感觉、愿望、或我们的任务明明要我们走那条路，可是心里忽然灵机一动，要我们走这条路；这种灵机也不知道是从哪里来的，也不知道出自什么影响，可就是压倒了原来的一切感觉和愿望，使我们走这条路。结果，后来的事实证明，如果我们当初走了我们自己想走的路，或者走了我们心目中认为应该走的路，我们则早已陷于万劫不复的境地。反复思索之后，我自己定下了一条规矩：每当自己心里出现这种神秘的暗示或冲动，指示我应做什么或不应做什么，我就坚决服从这种神秘的指示，尽管我不知道为什么该这么做或该这么走，我知道的只是心里的这种暗示或冲动。在我一生中，可以找出许许多多这样的例子，由于我遵循了这种暗示或冲动而获得了成功，尤其是我流落到这个倒霉的荒岛上以后的生活，更证明了这一点。此外还有许多例子。当时我若能用现在的眼光去看待，是一定会意识到的。但是，世上有许多道理，只要有一天能大彻大悟，就不算太晚。我奉劝那些三思而后行的人，如果在他们的生活里，也像我一样充满了种种出乎寻常的变故，或者即使没有什么出乎寻常的变故，都千万不要忽视这种上天的启示，不管这种启示是什么看不见的神明发出的。关于这一点，我不准备在这里讨论，也无法加以阐明。但这种启示至少可以证明，精神与精神之间是可以交往的，有形的事物和无形的事物之间是有神秘的沟通的。而且，这种证明是永远无法推翻的。关于这一点，我将用我后半生的孤寂生活中一些很重要的例子加以证明。

Politic and statute play an important nole in adjusting economy,when economic entanglement affects the law,the law seems very important .

政治和法律是调节经济的重要杠杆，当这些经济的纠葛作用在法律上时，法律也就显的格外重要，尤其是在一个争议引起另一个争议的时候，调整民事诉讼的民事诉讼法就有着弥足珍贵的价值，而作为民事诉讼核心地位的第三人诉讼制度也就有着它举足轻重的意义，但是偏偏是这么一个重要的制度，我国的法律却存在着不健全，无论是法律条文还是在司法实践中，这么一个制度都没有发挥它应有的作用，甚至还在某种程度上阻碍了法制的进程，本论文就将在下面全面的剖析该项制度。

Politic and statute play an important nole in adjusting economy,when economic entanglement affects the law,the law seems very important .

政治和法律是调节经济的重要杠杆，当这些经济的纠葛作用在法律上时，法律也就显的格外重要，尤其是在1个争议引起另1个争议的时候，调整民事诉讼的民事诉讼法就有着弥足珍贵的价值，而作为民事诉讼核心地位的第3人诉讼制度也就有着它举足轻重的意义，但是偏偏是这么1个重要的制度，我国的法律却存在着不健全，无论是法律条文还是在司法实践中，这么1个制度都没有发挥它应有的作用，甚至还在某种程度上阻碍了法制的进程，本论文就将在下面全面的剖析该项制度。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。