不连续项

This thesis argues that (1) the Chinese antonymous pair especially the direct antonymous pair is a construction—a continuous or discontinuous antonym construction.

汉语反义构式的表现形式是一个词汇项，其成员是连续的或非连续的；而汉语反义构式的意义则是反义构式成员之间的语义上的不相容和语用上的对立。

These stochastic bursting patterns are reproduced and explained by adding the term of noise to Chay model and the constructed map.

通过在Chay模型和构造的不连续映射中添加噪声项可以重复并且解释实验中的随机簇放电模式。

In recent years, Yihua greatly enhanced its self-determined scientific and technological ability for innovation. It implemented over 200 items of new techniques, developed over 20 items of state-level or province-level new products, declared over 100 patents of invention and achieved over 50 items of state-level, province-level or city-level important scientific and technical achievements, among which, the YH Non-break Molding Powder Coal Gasification Technique was for the first in the world applied in mass production device of urea. Yihua%26rsquo;s Technique of Pressure-swing Decarbonization Absorber won a national gold prize for patent of invention. Its Technique of Heavy-medium Ore Beneficiation and Twice Versa Floatation successfully solved the global problem that collophanite could%26rsquo;t be used to produce DAP.

近两年，宜化开发并实施了300多项新技术新工艺，开发了20多项国家级、省级新产品，申报了200多项发明专利，取得了50多项国家、省、市级重大科技成果，具有极强的自主创新能力，其中YH粉煤连续成型气化技术成为世界第一家大规模用于尿素生产的装置；变压吸附脱碳获得了国家发明专利金奖；重介质选矿和双反浮选技术成功地解决了胶磷矿不能生产磷酸二铵的世界难题。

A new dynamic sliding mode control law is presented for tracking control of robot manipulator.New switch function based on backstepping method is designed to transfer discontinuity to derivativeness of the control law,so that the chatterings of control can be eliminated.

针对机器人跟踪控制问题，设计了一种新型的动态滑模控制器，采用反演方法设计一种新的切换函数，将不连续项转移到了控制的一阶导数中，得到了输入的平滑性的动态滑模控制律。

It applies Conditional Logit methodology, which is more appropriate and correct than Multinominal Logit in analyzing the impact of policy on voting behavior.

有别於国内多数的实证研究，本文推论出条件式胜算对数分析是所有不连续选择模型中，较正确地分析空间投票理论的一项工具。

Horizontal diffusion was used to control small-scale noise that results from numerical dispersion, nonlinear instability, and discontinuous physical processing, etc. by adding a linear forth-order monotonic horizontal diffusion with orographic flux limiting to the prediction equation.

水平扩散方案是将一个通量受地形限制的线性四阶单调水平扩散项加到预报方程，去控制由数值扩散、非线性不稳定及不连续物理过程等引起的小尺度噪音。

First, we consider nonholonomic chained systems with modeling error, in this section,based on back-stepping , using the so-called adding a integrator , state-scaling technique , we design discontinuous feedback law,such that the trival solution of the closed-loop systems global strong stable; Second,we consider high-order nonholonomic chained systems with modeling errors and external disturbances, in this section,using input/state-scaling and integrator backstepping methods , we design discontinuous feedback law and give out the switching strategy, such that the closed-loop systems global /C-exponential stable; Finally, we consider a class of more general power chained form systems with particular drift-terms, in this section , using Lyapunov method, we design time-varying feedback law , such that the closed -loop systems p—exponential stable.

第一部分考虑的模型为带有模型误差的高阶非完整链系统，我们运用加幂积分器、State-scaling技巧以及基于Back-stepping方法构造出不连续反馈律，从而使得所讨论系统的闭环系统的平凡解全局强稳定；第二部分考虑的模型为带有模型误差的不确定高阶非完整链系统，这一部分我们运用input／state scaling和integrator backstepping方法构造出不连续反馈律，并给出切换策略，使得所对应的闭环系统全局κ-指数稳定；第三部分考虑的系统是形式更为一般的且带有特殊形式漂移项的幂链系统，利用Lyapunov函数方法，设计出时变反馈律，从而使得相应的闭环系统ρ-指数稳定。

D net work numerical modeling technique for discontinuities of rock mass is a new technique developed recently, which can be a very important basic work to evaluate the stability and geometric parameters for engineering design in jointed rock mass.

岩体随机不连续面三维网络数值模拟技术是近年来逐步发展起来的一项新技术，该技术对坚硬块状节理化岩体的稳定性评价，及岩土工程设计几何参数的获取是一项重要的基础工作。

Time Charter Hire or Charter Hire for Series of Voyages A sum not exceeding 50% of the gross hire which is to be earned under the charter in a period not exceeding 18 months Any sum insured under 2012 to be taken into account and only the excess thereof may be insured, which excess shall be reduced as the hire is advanced or earned under the charter by 50% of the gross amount so advanced or earned but the sum insured need not be reduced while the total of the sums insured under 2012 and 2015 does not exceed 50% of the gross hire still to be earned under the charter An insurance under this Section may begin on the signing of the charter

2015期租租金或连续航次租金：其金额不得超过租船合同项下在18个月以内可收取的总租金的50％。根据第2012项的投保金额应予考虑，仅其超额部分可以保险，而且应从中扣除根据租船合同已预收或已赚取的总租金的50％，但如果根据第2012项及第2015项的总保险金额不超过根据租船合同待收总租金的50％时，可不作上述扣减。根据本项的保险可以自签订租船合同时开始。

The results show that the flow stress increases with the increase of the strain rate, and decreases with the increase of the deforming temperature. The saw tooth fluctuation of the flow stress at higher strain rates and lower temperatures indicates the discontinuous dynamic recrystallization. The flow stress of the aluminum alloy during hot compression deformation can be described by using Zener-Hollomon parameter including Arrhenius item, and the deformation activation energy is 176.54 kJ/mol.

研究结果表明：流变应力随应变速率的增大而增大，随变形温度的升高而降低，在高应变速率和较低温度条件下，应力出现据齿波动，呈不连续再结晶特征；该铝合金热压缩变形的流变应力行为可用包含Arrhenius项的Zener-Hollomon参数来描述，其变形激活能为176.54 kJ/mol。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。