不稳定的电流

Start-oscillation current will be down by absolute instability of TE02 and TE01 modes and electron velocity ratio and interaction section, it can be suppressed by the distributed wall losses.

模拟结果显示，TE02、TE01模式绝对不稳定的引发使得原有操作电流降低，其起振电流明显受电子速率比、作用段长度的影响，但此模式可藉由损耗来抑制，此结论与线性理论结果一致。

For long time, my factory prints a version to electroplate a group in addition to import of the nickel urn is full-automatic, other of five electroplates slot almost is depend on moving an operation to control to electroplate of temperature, electric current and time of, print a version to plate chrome especially, with its special operation craft and the high causticity, the long-term existence product quality unsteady problem, can not keep up with the request that assurance product quality unifier.

长久以来，上海印钞厂印版电镀小组除了进口的镍缸是全自动的，其它的五个电镀槽几乎都是依靠手动操作来控制电镀时的温度、电流和时间的，特别是印版镀铬，以其特殊的操作工艺和高度腐蚀性，长期存在产品质量不稳定的问题，跟不上保证产品质量的统一性的要求。

Unstable electric current and voltage are the most two environmental killers for IC board,"High stable IC board" means having the ability to resist compression toward disorderliness electric current and voltage.

一片优质的IC板不仅具备多项功能，更重要的是具有『高稳定性』；IC 板的外在环境头号杀手是不稳定的电流、电压，『高稳定性』乃是指对紊乱的电流、电压有抗干扰性。

Main contents and conclusions are: 1 The ionization current was measured continuously by a charge-integration method with a computer after the introduction of radon into the chamber.

主要内容及结论：1充氡后利用计算机连续进行电离电流累积测量，得到了精细的电流随时间的变化曲线，可清楚看出氡及其子体的生成衰变造成的电离电流的生长—稳定—衰减过程，与理论计算值进行了比较，由电离电流衰减速度的变化得出氡吸附作用的影响，并测量到电离室冲洗后氡的反扩散现象；2由已知活度的标准源定出相对测量的刻度系数K值，K=24.62 Bq／pA，对同一个监测源以半年为周期进行多次测量后得出稳定性符合要求；3通过测量电离电流和气压的关系曲线以及不同气压下的饱和曲线，确定了常规的工作条件；4测量了盐酸清洗电离室内表面降低本底的效果；5不确定度分析表明相对测氡的扩展不确定度(k=2)小于5％，由本底涨落得出探测下限为0.5 Bq；6理论上对壁损失修正进行了计算，实验上保持电离室工作在饱和区的情况下，测量了不同气压下电离电流的变化，从中得出了壁损失随气压变化的规律，可以看出，电离电流的实测值和计算值随气压变化规律基本一致；当气压大于125 kPa时，端效应等其它因素造成的影响不大于2％，因而在此工作条件下，测量电离电流后通过计算修正壁损失可以实现近似的绝对测氡，提出了进一步提高绝对测量准确度的方法。

The analysis results show that PAPF is effective for parallel resonance damping, but can not damp series resonance when capacitor current is not included in the detecting current. And when capacitor current is included in the detecting current, PAPF is prone to be unstable and can not damp parallel and series resonance.

分析表明，由于无功补偿电容器的影响，传统控制策略下的PAPF对系统谐振的抑制效果不理想，同时当检测的负载电流中包括无功补偿电容器电流时，系统还有可能出现不稳定的现象。

The sliding mode control rule which can maintain the system stability is deduced when choose I Sq=0 to construct switching surface. However, the sliding mode control rule has control quantity only when the tracking error is not in zero.

论文以无功电流I Sq=0构造切换曲面，推导了使系统保持稳定的滑模控制率，但是该控制率只有在电流跟踪误差不为0的情况下才有控制量产生，在误差为0的情况下没有控制量产生。

For long time,my factory prints a version to electroplate a group in addition toimport of the nickel urn is full-automatic, other of fiveelectroplates slot almost is depend on moving an operation tocontrol to electroplate of temperature, electric current and timeof, print a version to plate chrome especially, with its specialoperation craft and the high causticity, the long-term existenceproduct quality unsteady problem, can not keep up with the requestthat assurance product quality unifier.

长久以来，上海印钞厂"娴缍菩∽槌了进口的镍缸是全自动的，其它的五个电镀槽几乎都是依靠手动操作来控制电镀时的温度、电流和时间的，特别是"娑聘酰以其特殊的操作工艺和高度腐蚀性，长期存在产品质量不稳定的问题，跟不上保证产品质量的统一性的要求。

This paper proposes a novel current control stratege to avoid this unstable. The grid current feedback is used controlled the power factor expediently, and a second differential link of grid current is designed to stabilize the system.

本文采用了一种新型的电流内环控制策略，该策略采取了电网侧电流反馈控制，能够方便的控制功率因数，在电流内环引入了电网电流二次微分来解决不稳定的问题。

For long time, my factory prints a version to electroplate a group in addition to import of the nickel urn is full-automatic, other of five electroplates slot almost is depend on moving an operation to control to electroplate of temperature, electric current and time of, print a version to plate chrome especially, with its special operation craft and the high causticity, the long-term existence product quality unsteady problem, can not keep up with the request that assurance product quality unifier.

长久以来，上海印钞厂印版电镀小组除了进口的镍缸是全自动的，其它的五个电镀槽几乎都是依靠手动作来控制电镀时的温度、电流和时间的，特别是印版镀铬，以其特殊的作工艺和高度腐蚀性，长期存在产品质量不稳定的问题，跟不上保证产品质量的统一性的要求。

The experiment of the auxiliary heated arc plasma generator shows that thekey arc root has contraction under the condition of having magnetic field when thekey arc root is at the edge of the cathode surface.

在辅助加热电弧等离子体发生器的实验中看到：在有外磁场的情况下，主弧弧根在阴极边缘时，弧根有收缩的迹象，而当主弧弧根在阴极中心附近时，观察不到明显的弧根收缩迹象，并拍摄到有双弧柱的图片；当关掉磁场和弧电流〓时，主弧在阴极和阳极之间稳定的燃烧，主弧弧根稳定在阴极中心附近的一点上，而且弧根没有收缩的迹象，主弧弧根亮区的直径约为6.8毫米，与弧柱段的亮区直径相差无几；因而从实验结果分析可以看出，阴极表面温度的升高，能使主弧弧根直径增大：另一方面，由于主弧弧根直径的增大(即也意味着主弧弧根截面积的增大)，因而使电弧通过主弧弧根传入阴极表面的有效比热流降低，从而减少了阴极烧损。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。