不确定

In this project, we have tackled the robust fault detection and diagnosis problem for affine nonlinear sampled-data systems based on nonlinear H∞ filtering theory,and focused on the design of robust fault dtetction filter. The main contribution of this project is that we (1)present design methods of robust fault estimator for nonlinear discrete-time systems based on least square estimation and linear matrix inequality;(2)improve the bounded real lemma of systems with finite discrete jumps;(3)develop the robust fault detection filters for affine nonlinear sampled-data systems with parameter uncertainties based on the improved bounded real lemma.

本项目以提高故障的正确检测率为目的，以非线性H∞滤波理论为基础，对不确定仿射非线性采样系统的鲁棒故障检测与诊断问题进行了研究，重点研究了不确定仿射非线性采样系统的鲁棒故障检测滤波器设计问题，取得了一些新的成果，主要成果有：(1)基于最小二乘估计和线性矩阵不等式，给出了非线性离散系统的鲁棒故障估计器设计方法；(2)改进了有限跳跃点系统的有界实引理；（3）基于改进的有界实引理，给出了不确定仿射非线性采样系统的鲁棒故障检测滤波器的设计方法。

A class of uncertainty T-S dynamical fuzzy systems is given using the Lyapunov function method.The non-fragile controller design of continuous uncertain dynamical fuzzy system is given.

首先给出不确定T-S动态模糊系统的模型；然后利用Lyapunov函数方法，研究连续不确定动态模糊系统的非脆弱控制器设计，得到基于LMI的不确定动态模糊系统的全局渐近稳定性条件。

Robust stability criteria, the design methods of robust stabilizing controller and guaranteeing certain robust performance controller for linear time-delay system with norm-bounded uncertainties or convex polyhedron uncertainties are studied in this paper by delay independent method and delay dependent method.

针对具有范数有界不确定参数和凸多面体不确定参数的线性不确定时滞系统，分别给出了它们时滞无关指定鲁棒H~∞性能约束可镇定的充分必要条件以及相应的控制器设计方法，结果以线性矩阵不等式的n浙江大学博士学位论文形式给出。

According to the measurement principle of Michelson interferometer for temperature and wind of atmosphere, the uncertainty of temperature was determined by the uncertainty in the apparent visibility of the emission line and the instrument visibility.

中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所，西安 710119根据迈克尔逊风场探测干涉仪探测原理，所探测的温度不确定度是由装置调制度不确定度和发射线的表观调制度不确定度所决定的。

According to JJF1033-2001caclulate the standard investigates the norm, this paper analyses the source of the uncertainty in measurement when using the method of the whole verification measure to examinate an arm of direct current electricity bridge .

本文依据JJF1033-2001《计量标准考核规范》，分析了用整体检定测量法检定直流双臂电桥时的测量不确定度的来源，求出各分量的标准不确定度以及该检定装置的相对扩展不确定度。

Main contents and conclusions are: 1 The ionization current was measured continuously by a charge-integration method with a computer after the introduction of radon into the chamber.

主要内容及结论：1充氡后利用计算机连续进行电离电流累积测量，得到了精细的电流随时间的变化曲线，可清楚看出氡及其子体的生成衰变造成的电离电流的生长—稳定—衰减过程，与理论计算值进行了比较，由电离电流衰减速度的变化得出氡吸附作用的影响，并测量到电离室冲洗后氡的反扩散现象；2由已知活度的标准源定出相对测量的刻度系数K值，K=24.62 Bq／pA，对同一个监测源以半年为周期进行多次测量后得出稳定性符合要求；3通过测量电离电流和气压的关系曲线以及不同气压下的饱和曲线，确定了常规的工作条件；4测量了盐酸清洗电离室内表面降低本底的效果；5不确定度分析表明相对测氡的扩展不确定度(k=2)小于5％，由本底涨落得出探测下限为0.5 Bq；6理论上对壁损失修正进行了计算，实验上保持电离室工作在饱和区的情况下，测量了不同气压下电离电流的变化，从中得出了壁损失随气压变化的规律，可以看出，电离电流的实测值和计算值随气压变化规律基本一致；当气压大于125 kPa时，端效应等其它因素造成的影响不大于2％，因而在此工作条件下，测量电离电流后通过计算修正壁损失可以实现近似的绝对测氡，提出了进一步提高绝对测量准确度的方法。

In the research of normal pricing decision, study the methods of production determining and pricing upon condition that demand function permits random deviation and that consumer tastes may be uncertain, On the assumption that p...

从需求不确定情形下一般厂商产品定价决策研究及其风险度量到垄断厂商差别定价决策及其风险度量研究，在对需求不确定情形下一般厂商产品定价决策研究中，假设企业产品产量可能不等于销量，分两种情形讨论了需求可以发生随机扰动情形下和消费者口味不确定情形下一般厂商产量决策和定价问题。

Based on the description of uncertain linear and area objects, intersection degrees for parts of uncertain linear and area objects are represented quantitatively. By calculating correlation degrees between spatial vectors composed of these measurement units and spatial relation vectors determined by 9-intersection model, a new model is presented for topological relations between uncertain linear objects and fuzzy region, which could distinguish the type of topological relations through quantitative analysis method.

在时不确定线状目标和面状目标进行描述的基础上，对不确定线状目标与面状目标各组成部分之间的相交程度进行了定量表达，通过计算这些度量组成的空间向量与9-交集模型确定的空间关系向量之间的相关度，提出了一种不确定线状目标和面状目标之间拓扑关系的描述模型，通过定量的方法来对其空间拓扑关系进行判别。

This paper introduces the principle and unit of measurement of turbidimeter,a kind of instrument used to measure the content of undissolved particulate matter suspending in water or other transparent liquid.In this article the measurement uncertainty of relative indication error in the method recommended in verification regulation of turbidimeter(JJG880-1994)for turbidimeteris estimated.The sources of standard uncertainty component are analyzed in detail.The combined standard uncertainty and effective degree of freedom are calculated.

本文介绍了用于测量悬浮于水中的不溶性颗粒物质含量的仪器浊度计的测量原理和计量单位，并依据计量检定规程（JJG 880-1994）中检定示值相对误差的方法，对示值相对误差的测量结果进行不确定度评定，具体分析了各个不确定度分量的产生，并合成标准不确定度及有效自由度。

Using "gaigen" expression makes the information of the sentence indeterminate and uncertain.

本研究的出发点，首在思考「确定的事物却使用不确定的语气描述」、以及「不确定的事物却使用确定的语气描述」之语言现象。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。