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PART 1 Electrical and Electronic Engineering Basics UNIT 1 A Electrical Networks B Three-phase Circuits UNIT 2 A The Operational Amplifier ——————————— 5 B Transistors UNIT 3 A Logical Variables and Flip-flop —————————— 8 ———————————— 3 B Binary Number System UNIT 4 A Power Semiconductor Devices —————————— 11 B Power Electronic Converters UNIT 5 A Types of DC Motors —————————————15 B Closed-loop Control of DC Drivers UNIT 6 A AC Machines ———————————————19 B Induction Motor Drive UNIT 7 A Electric Power System ————————————22 B Power System Automation PART 2 Control Theory UNIT 1 A The World of Control ————————————27 B The Transfer Function and the Laplace Transformation UNIT 2 A B —————29 Stability and the Time Response ————————— 30 ————————————— 32 Steady State————————————————— 31 UNIT 3 A The Root Locus B The Frequency Response Methods: Nyquist Diagrams ————— 33 UNIT 4 A The Frequency Response Methods: Bode Piots ————— 34 B Nonlinear Control System 37 UNIT 5 A Introduction to Modern Control Theory B UNIT 6 State Equations 40 38 A Controllability, Observability, and Stability B Optimum Control Systems UNIT 7 A Conventional and Intelligent Control B Artificial Neural Network PART 3 UNIT 1 Computer Control Technology A Computer Structure and Function B 42 43 44 Fundamentals of Computer and Networks UNIT 2 A Interfaces to External Signals and Devices B The Applications of Computers 46 UNIT 3 A PLC Overview B PACs for Industrial Control, the Future of Control 1 UNIT 4 A Fundamentals of Single-chip Microcomputer B Understanding DSP and Its Uses 49 UNIT 5 A A First Look at Embedded Systems B Embedded Systems Design PART 4 UNIT 1 Process Control A A Process Control System 50 B Fundamentals of Process Control 53 52 UNIT 2 A Sensors and Transmitters B Final Control Elements and Controllers UNIT 3 A P Controllers and PI Controllers B PID Controllers and Other Controllers UNIT 4 A Indicating Instruments B Control Panels PART 5 UNIT 1 Control Based on Network and Information A Automation Networking Application Areas B Evolution of Control System Architecture UNIT 2 A Fundamental Issues in Networked Control Systems B Stability of NCSs with Network-induced Delay UNIT 3 A Fundamentals of the Database System B Virtual Manufacturing—A Growing Trend in Automation UNIT 4 A Concepts of Computer Integrated Manufacturing B Enterprise Resources Planning and Beyond PART 6 UNIT 1 Synthetic Applications of Automatic Technology A Recent Advances and Future Trends in Electrical Machine Drivers B System Evolution in Intelligent Buildings UNIT 2 A Industrial Robot B A General Introduction to Pattern Recognition UNIT 3 A Renewable Energy B Electric Vehicles 2 UNIT 1 A

电路 电路或电网络由以某种方式连接的电阻器，电感器和电容器等元件组成。如果网络不包含能源，如电池或发电机，那么就被称作无源网络。换句话说，如果存在一个或多个能源，那么组合的结果为有源网络。在研究电网络的特性时，我们感兴趣的是确定电路中的电压和电流。因为网络由无源电路元件组成，所以必须首先定义这些元件的电特性。就电阻来说，电压-电流的关系由欧姆定律给出，欧姆定律指出：电阻两端的电压等于电阻上流过的电流乘以电阻值。在数学上表达为： u=iR (1-1A-1)式中 u=电压，伏特；i =电流，安培；R =电阻，欧姆。纯电感电压由法拉第定律定义，法拉第定律指出：电感两端的电压正比于流过电感的电流随时间的变化率。因此可得到：U=Ldi/dt 式中 di/dt =电流变化率，安培/秒； L =感应系数，享利。电容两端建立的电压正比于电容两极板上积累的电荷 q 。因为电荷的积累可表示为电荷增量 dq 的和或积分，因此得到的等式为 u=，式中电容量 C 是与电压和电荷相关的比例常数。由定义可知，电流等于电荷随时间的变化率，可表示为 i = dq/dt。因此电荷增量 dq 等于电流乘以相应的时间增量，或 dq = i dt，那么等式(1-1A-3)可写为式中 C =电容量，法拉。

PART 1 Electrical and Electronic Engineering Basics UNIT 1 A UNIT 2 A UNIT 3 A UNIT 4 A UNIT 5 A UNIT 6 A UNIT 7 A Electrical Networks ———————————— 3 B Three-phase Circuits The Operational Amplifier ——————————— 5 Logical Variables and Flip-flop —————————— 8 Power Semiconductor Devices —————————— 11 Types of DC Motors —————————————15 AC Machines ———————————————19 Electric Power System ————————————22 B Transistors B Binary Number System B Power Electronic Converters B Closed-loop Control of DC Drivers B Induction Motor Drive B Power System Automation PART 2 Control Theory UNIT 1 A B UNIT 2 A UNIT 3 A UNIT 4 A The World of Control ————————————27 Stability and the Time Response ————————— 30 The Root Locus ————————————— 32 The Transfer Function and the Laplace Transformation —————29 B Steady State————————————————— 31 B The Frequency Response Methods: Nyquist Diagrams ————— 33 The Frequency Response Methods: Bode Piots ————— 34 B Nonlinear Control System 37 UNIT 5 A Introduction to Modern Control Theory B B B PART 3 B B B State Equations Optimum Control Systems Artificial Neural Network Computer Control Technology 42 43 44 Fundamentals of Computer and Networks The Applications of Computers 46 40 38 UNIT 6 A Controllability, Observability, and Stability UNIT 7 A Conventional and Intelligent Control UNIT 1 A Computer Structure and Function UNIT 2 A Interfaces to External Signals and Devices UNIT 3 A PLC Overview PACs for Industrial Control, the Future of Control 1 UNIT 4 A Fundamentals of Single-chip Microcomputer 49 B B PART 4 B B B B PART 5 B B B B PART 6 Understanding DSP and Its Uses Embedded Systems Design Process Control 50 52 53 Fundamentals of Process Control UNIT 5 A A First Look at Embedded Systems UNIT 1 A A Process Control System UNIT 2 A Sensors and Transmitters Final Control Elements and Controllers PID Controllers and Other Controllers Control Panels Control Based on Network and Information Evolution of Control System Architecture Stability of NCSs with Network-induced Delay Virtual Manufacturing—A Growing Trend in Automation Enterprise Resources Planning and Beyond Synthetic Applications of Automatic Technology UNIT 3 A P Controllers and PI Controllers UNIT 4 A Indicating Instruments UNIT 1 A Automation Networking Application Areas UNIT 2 A Fundamental Issues in Networked Control Systems UNIT 3 A Fundamentals of the Database System UNIT 4 A Concepts of Computer Integrated Manufacturing UNIT 1 A Recent Advances and Future Trends in Electrical Machine Drivers B B B System Evolution in Intelligent Buildings A General Introduction to Pattern Recognition Electric Vehicles UNIT 2 A Industrial Robot UNIT 3 A Renewable Energy 2 UNIT 1 A

电路 电路或电网络由以某种方式连接的电阻器，电感器和电容器等元件组成。如果网络不包含能源，如电池或发电机，那么就被称作无源网络。换句话说，如果存在一个或多个能源，那么组合的结果为有源网络。在研究电网络的特性时，我们感兴趣的是确定电路中的电压和电流。因为网络由无源电路元件组成，所以必须首先定义这些元件的电特性。就电阻来说，电压-电流的关系由欧姆定律给出，欧姆定律指出：电阻两端的电压等于电阻上流过的电流乘以电阻值。在数学上表达为： u=iR (1-1A-1)式中 u=电压，伏特；i =电流，安培；R =电阻，欧姆。纯电感电压由法拉第定律定义，法拉第定律指出：电感两端的电压正比于流过电感的电流随时间的变化率。因此可得到：U=Ldi/dt 式中 di/dt =电流变化率，安培/秒； L =感应系数，享利。电容两端建立的电压正比于电容两极板上积累的电荷 q 。因为电荷的积累可表示为电荷增量 dq 的和或积分，因此得到的等式为 u=，式中电容量 C 是与电压和电荷相关的比例常数。由定义可知，电流等于电荷随时间的变化率，可表示为 i = dq/dt。因此电荷增量 dq 等于电流乘以相应的时间增量，或 dq = i dt，那么等式(1-1A-3)可写为式中 C =电容量，法拉。

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你需要避免这些因素：靠一些软件群发获得链接，关键词大量堆积，所有的链接锚文字都相同，使用CSS或背景色隐藏内容，这是十恶不赦的大恶使用JavaScript跳转，相同ip之下的网页直接进行大量交换链接，桥页和Cloaking，诱导搜索引擎的爬虫，这是十恶不赦的大恶低俗相关的内容，重复的内容，链向作弊的网站，想做长久的排名这些因素不是尽量避免而是要彻底避免！

But ECT technology has the following characteristics: 1 the measured capacitance and its change induced by the measured material concentration variation are very small, but the stray capacitances of co-axial screening cable and CMOS switches are relative very large, so the capacitance detecting is easily affected by the stray capacitances, 2 the electric fields in the sensors detecting region is affected by the permittivity distribution, non-uniformity of the space responsive sensitivity is very high, and the image reconstruction is undetermined.

但由于ECT技术中，首先所检测的微电容量及其因物流相含率的变化所引起的变化量很小，而由相关的连接同轴屏蔽电缆与切换CMOS开关所引入的杂散电容远远大于测量电容，微电容的测量容易受杂散电容等的影响；其次，多电极电容传感器测量区内的电场受介质分布的影响，且测量区内的空间响应灵敏度极不均衡，其影响图像重建的不确定性；其三，ECT中的图像重建，由于其是一个欠定问题的求解，在迭代求解方法中，迭代的初值影响迭代过程收敛到近似解的速度；其四，对于气/固两相流应用而言，由于ECT系统在线标定的难以实现，管壁磨损等因素的影响制约该技术应用于生产工艺中气/固两相流的长期连续检测。

These can offer students so advantage opportunities that is good for selecting job, powerful major feelings and excellent professional dedication. Finally, we need emphasize several main points. The main point is to hold profession ethics affects differences between school and enterprise, including guiding principle"s difference, varies between content and thought, varies between evaluation and standard. According to student'majors, collectedly leading related the corporate culture to increase schools'professional ethics educations effects. On the base of analyzing school"s education, to find a kind of educational means of school, to persist obverse education and obverse guiding, to strengthen students'faith education. According to the students thoughts fact, we should avoid faith educations dogmatism and emptiness and improve our clear aim and effect for serving people.

最后要突出几个重点：把握学校与企业职业道德教育不同点，包括指导思想上的不同、内容和方法上的不同以及评价方法和标准的不同等，根据学生的专业要有选择地引入相关的企业文化，增强学校职业道德教育的实效性；结合具体实际，加强对学生的诚信教育，在客观分析学校教育对象诚信状况的基础上，找到具有校本特色的诚信教育方法，坚持正面教育与正面引导为主，并加强学生诚信实践教育，避免学校诚信教育的教条化和空洞化；针对学生的思想实际，提高为人民服务思想教育的针对性和有效性。

Taking the plate tectonics as leading theories, combining outcrop, seismic techniques, drilling and logging datum, inter-verifing manifold researching methods, The paper has amply researched the region. discussed the coupling relation of basin-mountain and the geodynamics system; analyzed geologic tectonic characteristics of the basin; confirmed superposed alteration in Mesozoic of the basin; recompartmentalized tectonic units of the researching region and the basin; studied the tectonic evolution of the basin since Mesozoic; ascertained four large tectonic layers and five tectonic evolution process stages in different ways of formation and tectonic alteration; established different tectonic stages、compages、models and sedimentary filled processes, based on the organic geochemistry and oil-gas geologic characteristics in middle Cenozoic of the basin, the conclusions have been summarized in the paper, such as:The primary source rock in lower Permian and subordinate source rock in upper Triassic are developed in the region with better quality, and secondary hydrocarbon is possible; The bearing system which is comparted by three large tectonic layers and two unconformity surfaces formed in Palaeozoic、upper Palaeozoic to Triassic and Cenozoic developing in the region, compounded with reservoirs of different lithology is developed in the region, while the property of tectonic fracture reservoir is better; Based on the analyzing petroleum accumulation elements and preserving conditions, the deep depressing belt in the north of Luoyang depression、Shiling-Yiyang folded fault belt in Yiyang depression and wide anticline belt in Yichuan depression are advantageous petroliferous region, Zhaizhen anticline in Luoyang depression and Shimen wide anticline on footwall of overthrust in Yichuan depression are optimum tectonic traps.

本文以板块构造理论为指导思想，采用露头区野外地质与盆地地震、钻井、测井资料密切结合，多种测试方法互检的研究方法，探讨了盆山耦合关系及其所控制的地球动力学系统；分析了研究区域和盆地地质结构构造特征，确定了中生代盆地的叠合改造性质，并重新划分区域构造单元和盆地构造单元，深入研究了洛阳—伊川盆地自中生代以来的构造演化；确定了成盆作用和构造改造作用的四大构造层和五期不同方式、方向的构造演化过程；建立了不同构造阶段的构造组合和样式及与构造相关的沉积充填过程；在此基础上通过多种有机地球化学指标，研究盆地中新生代油气地质特征，认为本区发育下二叠统区域主力烃源岩、上三叠统区域非主力烃源岩，两套烃源岩质量均较好，并具备二次生烃条件；认为本区发育古生界、上古生界—三叠系和新生界三大构造层、两个不整合界面分隔、不同岩性储集层叠置组合和构造裂隙型储集层的复式储集体系，其中构造裂隙型储集层储集性能较好；依据油气成藏条件和保存条件分析，认为洛阳凹陷北部深凹带、宜阳凹陷内石陵—宜阳褶断带以及伊川凹陷伊川宽阔背斜带为较有利含油气区，有利的构造圈闭是洛阳凹陷翟镇背斜和伊川凹陷的石门逆冲断层下盘的宽缓背斜

The goods shall be liable for all expense of mending, cooperage, baling or reconditioning of the goods or packages and gathering of loose contents of packages also for any payment, expense,fine, dues, duty, tax, impost, loss, damage or detention sustained or incurred by or levied upon the Carrieror the ship in connection of the goods,.howsoever caused, including any action or requirement of any government or governmental authority or person purporting to act under the authority thereof, seizure under legal process or attempted seizure, incorrect or insufficient marking, numbering or addressingof packages or description of the contents, failure of the shipper to procure consular, Board of Health or other certificates to. accompany the goods or to comply with laws or regulations of any kind imposed with respect to the goods by the authorities at any port or place or any act or omission of theshipper or consignee.

十六、货主应承担所有缝补、装桶、打包或整理货物或包装和收集包装松散内装物的费用；且承担一切与货物相关的，由承运人或船舶承受或发生或对其施加的支付、开支、罚款、费用、关税、税务、税收、灭失、损失或延滞，包括任何政府、政府机构或代表政府或政府机构作为的个人的任柯行为或要求，根据法定程序的捕获或未遂捕获、标记及包装编号或地址或内装物的陈述不当或不善、发货人未取得有关货物的领事、卫生或其他证书或未遵守任何港口或地方当局有关货物的任何法规或规定、或发货人或收货人的任何作为或不作为。

The goods shall be liable for all expense of mending, cooperage, baling or reconditioning of the goods or packages and gathering of loose contents of packages; also for any payment, expense, tine, dues, duty, tax; impost, loss, damage or detention sustained or incurred by or levied upon the Carrier or the ship in connection of the goods, howsoever caused, including any action or requirement of any government or governmental authority or person purporting to act under the authority thereof, seizure under legal process or attempted seizure, incorrect or insufficient marking, numbering or addressing of packages or description of the contents, failure of the shipper to procure consular, Board of Health or other certificates to accompany the goods or to comply with laws or regulations of any kind imposed with respect to the goods by the authorities at any port or place or any act or omission of the shipper or consignee.

十六、货主应承担所有缝补、装桶、打包或整理货物或包装和收集包装松散内装物的费用；且承担一切与货物相关的，由承运人或船舶承受或发生或对其施加的支付、开支、罚款、费用、关税、税务、税收、灭失、损失或延滞，包括任何政府、政府机构或代表政府或政府机构作为的个人的任何行为或要求，根据法定程序的捕获或未遂捕获、标记及包装编号或地址或内装物的陈述不当或不善、发货人未取得有关货物的领事、卫生或其他证书或未遵守任何港口或地方当局有关货物的任何法规或规定、或发货人或收货人的任何作为或不作为。

Nevertheless, our study concerning the patient characteristics causing consensus problem of medical service utilization in ESWL, especially, excess of demand may provide useful information to reform a health care delivery system, such as increased premium according to increased income, increased copayment and propaganda of health education.

在本研究中的确发现即使已有治疗标准，体外震波碎石术之医疗服务利用决策行为依旧存在医病双方利用不一致的情形，且医疗使用者确实有过度使用的情形，建议可依收入的差异，扩大保费间的差异，适度增加不同收入层级间的保险费用；除此之外，相关单位也应订定合理的体外震波碎石术的自付额，尤以门诊为最，加强民众使用者付费的观念，减少滥用医疗资源的情形；更重要的是增加结石病人有关结石治疗的卫教宣导，让病人了解结石治疗各类方法的优缺点及可能之并发症，不要一昧认为最贵就是最好治疗方法。

As to the legal problems in the process of asset transference, this essay probes the relations between the informing debtors and the legal validity of asset transference; the influence upon SPV's rights when original debtor claim offsetting and counterplea in the transaction of asset securitization; and suggests some preventive measures.The author also mentions how the initiator meets the demand of asset securitization's information disclosure, not disobeying the security responsibility to the debtor.

对于资产转让过程中的法律问题，主要分析了对有关债务人的通知与资产转让的合法有效性的关系；分析了资产证券化交易中原始债务人行使抵消权和抗辩权对SPV的权利产生的影响，并提出相关的防范措施；分析了发起人如何做到既满足资产证券化的信息披露需要，又不违反其对债务人的保密责任。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐