不染色的

A SSR marker based linkage map covering chromosome 10 and the short arms of chromosomes 1 and 11 of rice was constructed and applied for mapping fertility-restoring genes in Zhenshan 97A/(Zhenshan 97B/Milyang 46)F_ 6 population consisting of 704 lines.

应用由704个株系组成的珍汕97A/(珍汕97B/密阳46)F6测交群体，针对水稻第10染色体和第1、11染色体短臂构建了微卫星标记连锁图谱，检测到控制野败型细胞质雄性不育育性恢复的4个QTL，其中位于第10染色体长臂中下部的Rf4具有主效效应，位于第1染色体短臂的Rf3具有较大效应，位于第10染色体长臂近着丝粒处的qRf10和第11染色体短臂近着丝粒处的qRf11表现出微效作用。

Recognizing euchromatin pattern and smooth nuclear contours which may be better appreciated on a TP can prevent overdiagnosis.

其常染色质聚集及光滑的核膜在液基细胞学涂片中更容易认出，不容易过诊断。贺兰山踏不破，雪花儿融不了。

Only allochromosome allotopia is not explainable to the gene expression of stem cells.

如果仅仅是异染色质的错位，则不是干细胞基因表达的结果，在干细胞自我更新中充分证明，异染色质的改变导致了组蛋白的改变。

During the mitosis, the correct separation of sister chromatids is necessary in normal transition from anaphase to telophase and it guarantees exact distribution of DNA. The non-disjuction is the important reason for forming the aneuploid.

在有丝分裂时，姐妹染色单体的正确分离既起到保证遗传物质准确分配的作用，又是分裂细胞从后期向末期过渡所必需的；而姐妹染色单体不分离则是产生非整倍体细胞的重要原因。

SAGA is a multifunctional ATP=independent chromatin remodeling complex which is composed of at least 20 proteins. It can acetylate N=terminal lysines of nucleosomal histone H3 and H2B to loose chromatin structure and promote transcription initiation.

SAGA是一个至少由20个蛋白组成的不依赖ATP的多功能染色质重塑复合物，它通过对组蛋白H3和H2B氨基末端赖氨酸乙酰化修饰来松动染色质结构，从而促进基因转录的起始。

The growth inhibiting rate of T24 cell lines were detected by MTT methods, apoptosis of cells were detected by flow cytometry, the mechanism of apoptosis was analyzed by detecting the protein expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-9, Caspase-3 and cytoplastic protein Cytochrome C. 4 We injected live T24 cells into the subcutaneous space of nude mice and successfully built up the animal model of bladder carcinoma. The effect of CS-PAA-EPI polymer magnetic microspheres targeting chemotherapy was investigated by HE staining, TUNEL ,tumor weight and volume inhibition rate. Results: 1 TEM revealed that the CS-PAA polymer magnetic microspheres were regular spherical shape,the average diameter was 80nm in dry condition. By controlling the pH value of the medium,polymers had positive or negative zeta potential. VSM showed the CS-PAA polymer magnetic microspheres had superparamagnetic. The diameter of CS-PAA-EPI polymer magnetic microspheres were 200nm in solution by DLS examining,the embedding ratio was 20%,the EPI loading rate was 15%, which was higer than reported in other articles. 2 Raw eye observation found that the rat"s bladder of treatment group was brown color,which meaned the aggregation of iron particles, compared with the control group, iron stain found iron particles were assembled in rat"s bladder of the treatment group, the amount of iron particles in liver and spleen were less obviously.

研究结果：1合成的CS-PAA磁性聚合物微球呈球形，大小均一，TEM测定其干态下粒径为80nm左右，磁化曲线证实具有超顺磁性，具有一定的PH敏感性，固载表柔比星后，水溶液性状稳定，无沉淀物，DLS测定直径约200nm左右，测定载药率为15％，较文献报道高，包封率为20％。2肉眼观察试验组大鼠膀胱表面呈褐色，可见大量的Fe粒子聚集，普鲁士兰染色法显示，试验组大鼠膀胱壁内有大量的Fe粒子，分布至膀胱壁全层，与对照组大鼠相比，试验组大鼠的肝、脾内的Fe粒子聚集量明显降低；HPLC测定结果与Fe染色相同；高剂量磁性CS-PAA-EPI生理盐水组及单纯EPI生理盐水组均在给药后14天出现血肌酐和尿素氮的升高，其他组大鼠血生化指标没有明显变化。3MTT法发现，高、中、低剂量磁性CS-PAA-EPI生理盐水组在外加磁场的协同作用下杀伤T24细胞效应明显高于单纯的EPI生理盐水组，FCM发现试验药物组可引起明显的肿瘤细胞凋亡，试验药物治疗组细胞胞浆内出现了由线粒体释放出的细胞色素C，试验组细胞Bcl-2蛋白减少，Bax蛋白变化不明显，Caspase-3、Caspase-9蛋白受到了激活活化。4高、中、低剂量磁性CS-PAA-EPI生理盐水组的瘤重抑制率和瘤体积抑制率均明显高于单纯的EPI生理盐水组(P＜0.01)，其中高剂量组的抑制率最高。

Methods: Immunohistochemistry and image analysis techniques are applied to examine the phosphorylated extracellular signal－regulated kinase in epidermis of non－expanded skin and expanded skin. Results:Phosphorylated ERK expressed in basal cell layer of epiderm including non－expanded skin and expanded skin are expressed. But in expanded skin they are expressed significantly and densely compared to non－expanded skin. There are significant difference in relative to location of expanded skin and regions of expanded skin.

结果： 1扩张皮肤和正常皮肤表皮基底层都有磷酸化ERK 的表达和分布，但扩张皮肤中的磷酸化ERK的分布和表达较明显，染色较深且密，部分阳性细胞呈多层排列，有散在的增殖团区；2扩张皮肤的顶部和侧部差别不十分明显，而侧部和顶部与基底部有一定的差别，基底部染色较深，多为细胞核着色；3 经图像分析不同部位的正常皮肤和扩张皮肤以及扩张皮肤的不同部分的相对灰度值和阳性细胞密度，进一步证实了上述观察结果。

After the culture under the mineralization fluid condition in about 1 wk, the compact circular group appeared in the intercellular space, simultaneously cell multiplication ability reduced compared with the conventional culture; The sodium alizarinsulfonate dyeing showed the compact and circular lightproof briquetting brown laminated shape in the mineralizd intercellular spac, I collagen immunity group dyeing was strongly positive in the coloring region.

在矿化液条件下培养1周左右，细胞间出现了致密圆形团，同时细胞的增殖能力较常规培养有所降低；茜素红染色结果显示矿化细胞间出现的致密的、圆形不透光团块呈现片状的棕染，着色区域， I型胶原的免疫组化染色强阳性。

Methods Forty mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: one normal control group,mice in the other three groups were all infected each with 25 cercariae, the infected control group was fed for 10 weeks after infection, and 2 weeks after infection, the high dose PTX group was given PTX 360 mg/ for 8 weeks and the low dose PTX group was given PTX 180 mg/also for 8 weeks.

将40只小鼠随机分为4组，其中3组每只小鼠人工感染日本血吸虫尾蚴25条，1组感染后继续喂养10周，不作治疗，作为感染对照组；2组分别于感染后2周用PTX 360 mg/和180 mg/灌胃治疗8周；另1组不感染、也不接受药物治疗，与上述3组同步喂养10周，作为正常对照组。10周后将上述4组小鼠分别剖杀取肝组织，光镜观察肝组织病变；用免疫组化染色方法检测小鼠肝组织中Bcl-2、Bax的水平。

Histologically, the seminiferous tubules contained numerous Sertoli cells and more Sertoli-spermatozoa complexes, accompanied by the depletion of Leydig cells with deeply stained nuclei. Mature spermatozoa were stored up in the epididymis, but only a few in the efferent ducts. In the second place was testicular atrophy（32/120; 26.7%）. The seminiferous tubules showed moderate to severe inactivity of spermiogenesis with evidence of only spermatogonia, spermatocytes and Sertoli cells. The Leydig cells were obviously decreased in numbers associated with decrease of lipid droplets in their cytoplasms. Testicular hypoplasia was the third disorders（22/120; 18.3%）. Only a few spermatogonia and Sertoli cells appeared without any spermiogenesis. The associated changes was decreased in Leydig cells and fibrous hyperplasia in the interstitium.Epididymal stones were sometimes found（12/120; 10%）. Grossly, yellowish-white nodules with various sizes and firm in consistency were observed in the epididymis and the front efferent ducts. Microscopically, the epididymal ducts were dilated with voluminous spermatozoa storage, even showed calcification in severe cases. The deposited calcium salts were stained positively by Von Kossa and Alizarin red methods.Amyloidosis was also detected in 10 roosters（8.3%）. Eosinophilic, homogeneous, amyloid-like substances were deposited mainly in the testicular interstitium and the periphery of blood vessels. These substances showed positive reaction by Congo red staining. Five roosters（4.2%）had Marek's lesions in the testis, epididymis and peripheral nerves with infiltration of pleomorphic lymphocytes. Only one case showed epithelial necrosis of seminiferous tubules accompanied by fibrous proliferation in the interstitium.

结果发现，在总共搜集的120个病例中，其中因年老所导致的产精力不佳为最多，占38例（31.7%），於镜下可见大量精虫黏附於Sertoli cell的表面，并可见Sertoli cell数量明显增多而Leydig cell明显减少，且其细胞核呈现浓染的现象，而在其副睪中仍可见到成熟精虫蓄留於管腔中，但在其输精管内却只有少量精虫存在；其次为睪丸萎缩，占32例（26.7%），镜下可见中度至重度无造精作用，其生精小管中只见到精母细胞、精原细胞及Sertoli cell存在，但Leydig cell数量明显减少且其细胞质内的脂质也明显减少；睪丸发育不全，占22例（18.3%），於生精小管内只见到精母细胞及少量Sertoli cell存在，不见造精细胞分化，於生精小管间质可见Leydig cell减少并伴随结缔组织增生；副睪结石，占12例（10%），肉眼下可在副睪及输精管前段见到黄白色大小不一的结节，触感坚硬，於镜下可见副睪管扩张并有大量成熟精虫蓄积，严重时可见钙化现象，以Von Kossa及茜素红染色均呈阳性反应；类淀粉沉著症，占10例（8.3%），镜下在睪丸间质及血管周围可见粉红均质样的物质沉积，以刚果红染色成阳性反应；马立克病，占5例（4.2%），镜下可在睪丸、副睪实质及周边神经内均可见到嗜碱性大小不一的淋巴样细胞浸润；睪丸坏死，占1例（0.8%），镜下可见生精小管上皮细胞坏死脱落及间质结缔组织增生。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。