不操作

The uncovered tracts and the liver wound surface were managed by some of the methods combined such as high frequency electrocoagulation, titanium clamp, suture, hemostatic gauze oppression, argon-beam coagulation, protein glue adherence, and Endo-GIA switcher. The total operative outcome, operating time, blood loss, postoperative complications and postoperative hospital stay were summarized in order to assess feasibility and safety of the clinical laparoscopic liver resection.Results: 1. Laparoscopic liver resection with clamp dissection method needs only the ordinary laparoscopic equipment. It has a low cost but causes a little more bleeding. 2. Laparoscopic liver resection operated by microwave tissue coagulation method had very little bleeding when dissecting hepatic parenchyma. The operative field is clear and the cost is low. It is a safe, convenient and effective method. 3. Ultrasound dissector is a relatively ideal appliance for laparoscopic liver resection at present because ofless bleeding during operation. But the speed is slow thus prolongs the operation time. Its separating intensity is not strong enough, and it can only be applied to patients without hepatic cirrhosis. 4. Ligsure has clamp dissection and electrocoagulation functions. It can carbonize hepatic tissue including the tracts whose diameters are less than 7mm. It has some advantage in dissecting. However, it has the shortcomings of the clamp dissector during coagulating. 5. Hand-assisted laparoscopic liver resection can make use of the flexibility and feeling of the operators left hand.

结果：1、钳夹分离切肝法不需特殊仪器设备，只要具备常规的腹腔镜器械即可实施，成本低，肝断面较易渗血；2、微波固化切肝法肝实质出血很少，视野清晰，成本低，操作简单，是一种安全、简便、有效的方法；3、超声刀是目前较为理想的切肝器械，术中出血少，但是，切割速度慢，手术时间长，而且，切割强度有限，适用于无肝硬化的肝切除；4、Ligsure具有挤压粉碎及高频电凝止血两大功能，可使包括7~以下管道的肝组织碳化、形成焦痴，具有一定的优势，但是，也存在分离钳电凝止血的缺点；5、手辅助腹腔镜肝切除可以利用术者左手的灵活性及手感，便于术中显露、分离、控制出血等，可随意协助右手及助手的主要操作，缩短了手术时间，大大提高了腹腔镜肝切除的安全性，李朝龙等的改良方法，同样达到了手辅助目的，又节省了费用；6、小切口腹腔镜辅助切肝法可以使用剖腹肝切除常规器械及剖腹肝切除技术，操作简单、可靠，适用于肝左外叶切除及右肝第V段切除；7、Endo一GIA切肝法在离断肝组织的同时闭合管道结构，多用于肝左静脉、门静脉分支、管径较大胆管的切割，缺点是不能用于较厚肝组织的切割，而且价格昂贵；8、临床巧例腹腔镜肝切除均获得成功，手术时间最短1.5h，最长sh，平均125 min，多数在100 min左右，手术出血量最少50 ml，最多500 ml，平均1 78 ml，除2例合并严重肝硬化的原发性肝癌患者术后出现少量腹水，1例术后发生胆漏外，其余无并发症，发生胆漏的1例患者术后住院40d，多数在术后一周左右出院，术后住院时间5一40d，平均gd。

Unsafe acts can typically be recognized as failure to de-energize electric equipment for maintenance or derepairs, intentional use of obviously defective and/or unsafe tools, or the use of tools or equipment too close to energized parts.

典型的不安全操作的例子有：在保养或维修时不断开电气设备的典型的不安全操作的例子有：电源，有意使用明显有故障和或不安全的工具，或使用的工具电源，有意使用明显有故障和或不安全的工具，或使用的工具(设备离带电部件太近。

The results of our study have demonstrated that,(1) quadrivanlents in diakinesis Ⅰ are ideal materials for micromanipulation;(2) compared with the instrument used to microisolate chromosomes with a dissecting needle perched on a dissecting microscope outfitting with a micromanipulator or laser beam, the equipment most common used in our study is relatively inexpensive and the techniques could be established as a standard procedure in the ordinary laboratory;(3) the gene mapping methods developed in the study is an efficient and fast approach that could advance gene mapping of fish and other species.

本研究结果表明，（1）减数分裂Ⅰ终变期染色体标本是进行染色体显微操作研究的理想材料；（2）与显微操作仪和微激光分离相比较，本研究所探索的显微分离染色体方法不需要昂贵仪器，在常规实验室即可操作，具有广泛的普及应用意义；（3）把染色体显微操作应用于基因定位这种构思是完全可行的。这种基因定位方法简明而快捷，从而为鱼类及其它物种染色体定位研究开辟了一个新的研究方式和途径。

This article estimates the extreme loss distribution with extreme value theory, estimates the shape parameter with HKKP estimator, which is unbiased to small sample data, selects the right threshold by selecting smallest mean square error of the estimated cumulative distribution function and empirical cumulative distribution function and based on the extreme value theory method, this article estimates the extreme loss distribution and the p-percentile operational loss under certain believe range for Chinese commercial banks, then calculates the operational risk supervise capital.

本文利用极值理论对中国商业银行操作损失极端值分布进行估计，针对尾参数估计的来用传统Hill佑计对小样本数据容易产生偏倚的情况，提出了采用Hill佑计的改进―小样本无偏估计的HKKP佑计来估计操作损失的尾参数，针对由于阈值确定不准确导致结果偏差大的情况，采用最小化估计的累计概率分布与经验累计概率分布平均平方误差的方法确定较精确的阈值，估计出给定置信水平下操作风险损失的分位数，从而使得中国商业银行操作风险监管资本的测定成为可能。

However, the study based on the analysis of open market operation indicates that the relation between open market operation and monetary aggregate is certain, but the certain relation does not exist between open market operation and interest rate, and the uncertain relation between open market operation and interest rate comes from the uncertainty of IS curve's slope.

以公开市场操作为对象，本文研究表明，公开市场操作和货币量之间确实存在确定的关系，而和利率之间的关系是不确定的；导致利率和公开市场操作关系不确定的主要原因是IS曲线的斜率是不确定的。

Operationally, it's never been flatter than printer, no mater how flat I brush, and it's never been more photographic than photography, no matter how hard I draw. As a result, I tend to emphasize the hand-drawing characteristic and the contrived distinctness. Technology brings us convenience and rapidity, but my work shows some reaction against it. So far, the Technology could make one touch to complete all the things, and maybe in the future it could have made everything unlabored by just thinking. However, Technological operation makes physical perceptions getting degenerated, and the crisis of primordially physical degeneration is the fierce dilemma for me.

在身体的操作下意识到平涂即使再平最终也不会大於电脑影像输出，而在物体描绘的写实感也不会大於照片的真实感，所以转而强调手绘的真实性和人为刻意操弄下的距离，对於科技带来的便利性和快速性，在我的创作中某一程度显现了对科技的反动，但是科技的操作渐渐的让身体的感知退化，目前科技可以做到 one touch 就能办到生活的一切事情，而在以后甚至只需要动脑感应就可以达到很多劳动所不及的事情，如此身体的原始性逐步降低所带来的危机感正是我自身所处的一个拉扯状态，强调身体所操作出来的痕迹。

Three methods and 3 calculating formula were used to choose for concrete operation according to the idea at urine iodine assayed with cerous sulfate reducing reaction by which WHO and ICCIDD draw up the preventive and curative criteria of iodine deficiency.

本文根据&WHO与ICCIDD制定的碘缺乏病防治标准与方法&中硫酸铈还原反应测定尿碘的意图，采用3种方法和3种计算公式对具体操作进行选择，并对原标准对照计算法的不合理以及计算误差对评价尿碘水平的效能进行了探讨。结果表明：（1）方法Ⅰ存在仪器误差，准确度不佳。方法Ⅱ线性关系和准确度较理想，但操作不便计算麻烦。方法Ⅲ线性关系和准确度与方法Ⅱ无差异，操作和计算简便、节约试剂。

The operation methods and operation main points of SQL 950 submerged granulator were introduced including the start and stop operation of the granulator, the flow distribution of the three streams of water, the operation cycle of the desalinized water plate exchanger, the easy occlusion of the nozzle, the chip stacking of the long chip accumulator and clogged with conveying waterpipe, the easy overload and untight seal of the centrifugal drier.

介绍了SQL 950型水下切粒机的操作方法及操作要点，包括切粒的开机操作，停机操作，3股水的流量分配，脱盐水板式换热器运行周期，喷嘴易堵塞，长料收集器粒子堆积堵塞输送水管，离心干燥机易过载和密封不严的处理。

The gun was a good time, after sitting a little bigger, a powerful and easy operation, suitable for all kinds of maps environment M16:The gun power, after sitting a little high, and be convenient operation, but more is still poor and m4a1 some ; AK-47:The gun after sitting too large, the most powerful, it is difficult to operate, but to all kinds of maps of the environment is a very good of the gun ; AK－74:Power of the gun, fire is quickly, then take a great improvement of the 74 than 47 more easy to operate FAMAS:The power of a gun, fire, take off after a person closer to the king G36K:The power of a gun, fire is quickly, then sat a small operation is very easy overhand SG552:The gun power, and sat down and large, but the fire, is a good fast screen, sniper rifles AUG:The gun power, after sitting a little fire, and is sure of the higher is the world famous one of the sniper rifle ; AWM:The gun after a powerful, by too big, fast and slow to be very high, who is a widespread use of the sniper rifle ; M700:The gun power larger and smaller, a relatively rapid speed and must have very high, use less M60:The gun power, and sat down and large, the fire, is not high, is a suppressed fire MP5:The gun after power, by a fire made, and must have a high, is a very good lead to a submachine gun ; MP7:The gun after power, and sat down, fire is quickly, he is too poor to cooperate with the team to use

此枪精准高，后坐较小，威力较大，容易操作，适合各种地图环境使用； M16：此枪威力较大，后坐较小，精准较高，方便操作，但是和M4A1比较还是差了点； AK-47：此枪后坐太大，威力更大，难以操作，但是适应各种地图环境是一把十分不错的高杀伤力枪； AK－74：此枪威力较大，射速较快，后坐比较大，改进后的74比47更容易操作； FAMAS：此枪威力较小，射速飞快，后坐较大，人称近距离步枪之王； G36K：此枪威力较小，射速较快，后坐很小，操作非常方便容易上手； SG552：此枪威力较大，后坐也大，但是射速很，是一把不错的快掩护型狙击步枪； AUG：此枪威力较大，后坐较小，射速一般，精准较高，是世界有名的狙击步枪之一； AWM：此枪威力巨大，后坐太大，射速较慢，精准很高，谁一把广泛使用的狙击步枪； M700：此枪威力较大，后作较小，射速较快，精准很高，一般使用人少； M60：此枪威力较大，后坐也大，射速一般，精准不高，是一把压制火力的重机枪 MP5：此枪威力一般，后坐较小，射速飞快，精准较高，是一把非常不错的冲锋与反冲锋枪； MP7：此枪威力一般，后坐较大，射速极快，精准太差，主要适合团队配合才可以使用

Abstract］ objective to understand the medical institutions in the use of pressure steam sterilizer in the effect and the influencing factor,explore regulatory measures.methods with the spot investigation and scene examination,3mtmattest pressure steam sterilization and biological indicator train was used to monitor the effectiveness of disinfection.results in the monitoring of the 238 chinese medical institutions equipped with pressure steam sterilizer 337 units,the sterilization rate was 95.2%,medical institutions had different levels of disinfection and sterilization equipment,a large gap was between the level of management,equipment failure,non-standard operation,operator training without sterilization were the main reasons for failure.conclusion in medical establishment with the pressure steam sterilizer,antiseptic qualified rate is not too high,strengthening the pressure steam sterilizer purchase card management,standardizing the operation,stepping up supervision are the key to increase pressure steam sterilizer sterilization effect.

目的 了解医疗机构使用中压力蒸汽灭菌器使用效果及影响因素，探讨监管措施。方法采取现场调查及现场检测相结合的方法，采用3mtmattest压力蒸汽灭菌生物培养指示剂进行消毒效果监测。结果在监测的238家医疗机构中共有压力蒸汽灭菌器337台，灭菌合格率为95.2%，各级医疗机构对消毒灭菌设备的管理程度差距较大。设备发生故障、操作不规范、操作人员未经培训等是造成灭菌不合格的主要原因。结论医疗机构使用中压力蒸汽灭菌器灭菌合格率不高，加强对压力蒸汽灭菌器进货索证管理，规范操作，加大监管力度是提高压力蒸汽灭菌器灭菌效果的关键。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。