不对称

The essence of agent problem is that managers may stray away from the objectives of shareholders and take advantage of the enterprises'resources to seek their own benefits due to the unbalance in terms of information, and risks, the incompleteness in terms of agreement, which all result from the separation of owner -ship and management and due to the fact that shareholders and managers have different interests.

代理问题的本质是所有权和控制权的分离所造成的信息不对称、风险不对称、契约不完全，再加上经营者的利益与股东的利益不一致，使得经营者有可能偏离股东们的目标，利用公司的资源去追求自己的私利。

The author considers that the unintelligibility of the structure of property right, the asymmetry of accounting information and the insufficient constraint-incentive mechanism are the main causes lead to accounting in...

笔者认为，产权结构不清晰、会计信息不对称、公司治理结构不完善是导致会计信息失真的主要原因，而三者之间又存在着内在的联系，即产权结构不清晰是根源，其导致会计信息不对称及公司治理结构不完善。

The author considers that the unintelligibility of the structure of property right, the asymmetry of accounting information and the insufficient constraint-incentive mechanism are the main causes lead to accounting informat...

笔者认为，产权结构不清晰、会计信息不对称、公司治理结构不完善是导致会计信息失真的主要原因，而三者之间又存在着内在的联系，即产权结构不清晰是根源，其导致会计信息不对称及公司治理结构不完善。

Summarizing the results above, we further obtained: Hα blue asymmetry observed usually in the early stage of flares may be caused by chromospheric condensation in transition region; the Hα red asymmetry appeared later may be resulted from the downward movement of upper chromosphere; and still later CaIIK asymmetry may be explained to have 10-20 km/s downward velocity in middle or lower part of chromosphere, This explanation is self-consistent among the observations of Hα and CaIIK line during the flare.

综合所有计算的不对称特征，我们进一步得到：耀斑早期的短时间兰不对称性可由过渡区里的色球凝聚引起，随后的红不对称性是色球上部物质向下运动的结果，而后来出现的CaⅡK不对称特征则表明色球中下部具有10-20km/s的向下运动速度。

By adjusting the angle of the primary air baffle under the mode of one baffle symmetrically arranged, one baffle dissymmetrically arranged and three baffles dissymmetrically arranged, the resistance characteristic, bias air ratio and the concentrated ratio are studied to confirm the influence of primary air baffle and separation baffles on the separation process,which is of great significance to enhance the performance of horizontal bias burner.

该文在一挡板对称布置、一挡板不对称布置、三挡板不对称布置3种不同的方式下，通过调整燃烧器一次风挡板角度，对3种布置方式下燃烧器的阻力特性、浓淡风比及浓缩比进行了研究，旨在确定一次风挡板角度与分离挡板对燃烧器浓淡分离的影响，以便提高水平浓淡燃烧器的性能。

By adjusting the angle of the primary air baffle under the mode of one baffle symmetrically arranged, one baffle dissymmetrically arranged and three baffles dissymmetrically arranged, the resistance characteristic, bias air ratio and the concentrated ratio are studied to confirm the influence of primary air baffle and separation baffles on the s.

该文在一挡板对称布置、一挡板不对称布置、三挡板不对称布置3种不同的方式下，通过调整燃烧器一次风挡板角度，对3种布置方式下燃烧器的阻力特性、浓淡风比及浓缩比进行了研究，旨在确定一次风挡板角度与分离挡板对燃烧器浓淡分离的影响，以便提高水平浓淡燃烧器的性能。

Based on the theory of technical innovation and technical innovation diffusion elaborated, as well as fluxionary calculus and game theory, the thesis analyses corporation adoption with game theory in the process of technical innovation diffusion: analyzes in the situation of information symmetry and information asymmetry the gambling between the supplies and the latent users of innovation, discusses the mechanism of the phenomenon "reversion choice" with emphasis in the situation of information asymmetry, and also introduces signal transmission model and information screen model to realize Pareto improvement; at the same time it analyzes in the situation of complete rationality and limited rationality the gambling between the latent users of innovation.

依据已阐述的技术创新和技术创新扩散理论，以及微积分、博弈论等相关理论，对技术创新扩散中企业采用行为进行了博弈分析：分析了信息对称和信息不对称情况下创新供给者与创新潜在采用企业之间的博弈，重点讨论了信息不对称时&逆向选择&现象发生的机理，并引入信号传递模型和信息甄别模型以实现帕累托改进；同时分析了完全理性和有限理性情况下创新潜在采用企业间的博弈。

Due to the original Simmons model only predict the symmetric I-V behaviour, a modified Simmons model, which considered the observed spectra asymmetry in terms of inequivalent Fermi level shifts of the two contacts, was proposed to describe the I-V behaviour of azurin.

由于原始的Simmons模型只能预测对称的I-V特性，而实验观察到的I-V曲线是不对称的，是故本文提出了修正的Simmons模型（考虑了费米能级在两个接触界面处的不对称偏移）来描述铜蓝蛋白的I-V特性。

In this part,chpater 2 is about how to overcome the problem of uncomplete information.

在这部分中，第二章研究信息不足的制度克服；第三章研究信息不对称的制度克服；第四章研究信息错误的制度克服；第五章主要研究制度如何降低信息成本，该内容有相当部分散见于第二、三、四章之中，之所以还要对其单列一章作专门的论述，是因为信息成本的降低是信息失灵问题是否得到克服的最为重要的指标，信息成本的充分降低表明决策主体的信息充分、准确且对称分布性，这有助于减少决策主体的支出，增加其决策利益，因此需要对信息成本降低的障碍及路径等问题展开研究；第六章研究公权信息的公开问题，该章主要对公权信息的强制性披露问题进行研究，它本质上是一种克服信息不对称的制度，所以把它列入第三章第一节第一部分有关强制性信息披露制度之中也并无不可，但由于公权信息的公开涉及到公权层面，与有关对私权主体的强制性信息披露制度相比具有较多的特殊性，所以，本文对其专列一章予以阐述。

The cable-stayed bridge with single tower usually includes two types: bilateral symmetry and bilateral asymmetry.

独塔斜拉桥一般分为两跨对称式和两跨不对称式两种，实际工程中由于地质、地形、水文等情况，往往采用两跨不对称形式。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。