不实际性

The main factors affecting the soil-structure interface behaviors were found experimentally and theoretically, including: 1 the thickness of the interface that is five to six times the average grain size of the soil; 2 the aeolotropy of interface, which is responsible for anisotropic response of the stress-strain response of the interface; 3 two physical states, including crashing and compression of the soil near the structure surface, which govern the stress-strain response of the interface strongly; 4 two shear deformation components due to sliding and constraint of the structure surface relative to the soil respectively, which forms the deformation of the interface; 5 the volumetric strain due to dilatancy, which is found to be composed of a reversible dilatancy component and an irreversible dilatancy component. 4. A unified constitutive model of the interface, based on new elasto-plasticity damage theory, was developed. It was confirmed to be effective for the conditions considering monotonic and cyclic shearing, coupling effect of shear and volumetric strains, evolution of physical state, micro-structure aeolotropy of the soil and the resulting aeolotropy of the interface as well as the three normal boundary conditions stated above. 5. 2D and 3D finite element formulations of the present model were derived and incorporated into the FEM codes. They were applied to the evaluation of practical engineering problems with different typical interfaces between soil and structure. The new model was shown to be reasonable and effective.

确定了粗粒土与结构接触面厚度约为5～6倍的平均粒径，首次揭示了接触面的细观结构异向性以及由此所引起的宏观剪切异向性，发现了在单调和往返剪切荷载作用下土颗粒破碎和剪切压密两种物态变化机制共同支配着接触面力学性质的变化，通过细观分析证实了接触面的变形可分解为一般同时发生的土与结构交界面上的滑移变形以及结构面位移约束范围之内土体本身的剪切变形两部分，观测到接触面受剪时表现出明显的相对法向位移，并可分解为可逆性和不可逆性两个分量；(4)建立了第一个能够统一地描述单调与往返剪切特性、剪应变与体应变耦合特性、细观结构和宏观剪切异向性以及土颗粒破碎等物态变化特性的土与结构接触面弹塑性损伤本构数学模型，并采用多种法向边界条件复杂加载路径的试验成果验证了新模型的合理性和有效性；(5)提出了新模型的二、三维有限元格式并结合实际边值问题进行了应用计算分析，比较了不同接触面本构模型对计算结果的影响，证实了新模型及其有限元格式不仅能够合理地描述土与结构接触面的主要力学特性，还能够较好地反映土体与结构物在接触面处的滑移、脱开等不连续现象。

In terms of the transmission shaft balancing, it exists another problem that the shaft is not looked at as rigid body.When the rotor running at a high-speed ,under the action of unbalance force ,the transmission shaft will bend. It is certainly ideal to balance a transmission shaft as a flexible rotor.However, considering the mass production of automobiles, this method is obviously unpractical. In order to discreasing the flexible deformation, in this theory, the feasibility that double- plane balancing takes method the place of multi-plane balancing on a special place for one segment transmission shaft.

从传动轴平衡的角度来看，传动轴并非刚体，在汽车高速旋转时，由于不平衡力的作用会使传动轴发生挠曲，如果将传动轴作为挠性转子进行平衡当然比较理想，但是不符合汽车大批量生产的实际，为减少挠曲振动，利用挠性转子平衡原理，对于单根传动轴，从特殊位置进行校正，从而以二面平衡代替多面平衡是可行的。

If two parties want to sign a contract C over a communication network, they must "simultaneously" exchange their commitments to C Since simultaneous exchange is usually impossible in practice, protocols are needed to approximate simultaneity by exchange partial commitments in a piece by piece manner The party of secondly sending commitments may have a slight advantage; a "fair" protocol must keep this advantage within acceptable limits The protocol for signing a contract is improved based on the research result of secure multiparty computation In this protocol, the parties obliviously transfer the signed bit and the committed bit; the other parties can prove the validity of this bit based on the confirming sub protocol, but he cant gain more information about the whole signature by accumulating the signed bit or the committed bit After the parties exchange the whole signed information, they declare the commitment about the signature respectively, and gain the whole signature of the other party At this moment, the party doesnt care about the advance quit of the other party, because he has gained the whole signed information Finally, it is proved that this protocol is quit fairness

在网络环境中解决合同签订问题需要保证信息交换的同时性，以前提出的协议都会给第 2个发送者部分计算特权，利用不经意传输协议则可以解决这个问题在协议执行过程中，参与者将合同的签名位以及他对签名位的承诺不经意传输给对方，对方可以利用验证子协议证明该位的有效性，但是他却不能通过位交换次数的增加获取更多的完整签名的信息；在完成签名位的交换之后，参与者分别宣布承诺，并得到对方对合同的完整签名；在宣布承诺时，协议参与者已经获得全部的签名内容，要么是签名位，要么是对方对该位的承诺，因此参与者并不需要担心对方提前终止协议在文章的最后利用多方安全计算的结论证明了该协议满足终止公平性1 引言两个参与者A和B想要通过网络协商签订合同C 为了保证公平性，参与者必须同时交换自己对合同的签名，然而在实际的网络环境中，想要完全同时地交换对合同的签名是不可能的，他们必须将签名分成若干块依次地执行，以保证大致的同时性但是这种方法依然存在着问题

This dissertation involves the study of the growth dynamics of colloidal particles under unequilibrium and irreversibility condition. Firstly, it is of interest to investigate whether the ideal diffusion or reaction-limited aggregation universal behavior can be observed for the initially polydisperse practical system of basic yttrium carbonate as well. The fractal structure of basic yttrium carbonate aggregate cluster was observed using transmission eletron microscopy. The aggregation kinetics of basic yttrium carbonate colloids was studed using dynamic 1ight-scattering techniques. At 1.00mol/l NaCl solution the fast diffusion-limited aggregation behavior was observed with an increase in the aggregate size over time described by a power law. The aggregates are characterized by a fractal dimension D=1.82. The disordered and ramified cluster is consisted of primary colloidal particles and tenuous and more open. These are in good agreement with those observed for other colloidal system such as colloidal gold (1.86), silica (1.85) and polystyrene latex (1.82) in diffusion-limited aggregation from the static and dynamic light scattering by Lin. Therefore ideal diffusion-limited aggregation behavior can be observed in practical polydisperse system as well. Smoluchwski and fractal theories were used to obtain the aggregation rate constant for initially polydisperse system for the first time.

本论文研究胶粒的非平衡不可逆聚集动态学，分为两个部分，第一部分是通过实验研究一个新的初始多分散的碱式碳酸钇胶粒实际体系中，聚集标度性质的普适性，即使用透射电子显微技术观测聚集粒子簇的分形结构，使用动态激光光散射研究碱式碳酸钇胶粒的聚集动力学，胶粒带电而产生静电排斥作用使得碱式碳酸钇胶粒处于稳定状态，当加入电解质NaCl溶液时，碱式碳酸钇胶粒间的Debye-Hückel屏蔽距离缩短，从而降低静电排斥能垒，引起胶粒发生不可逆聚集，加入电解质NaCl的浓度为1.00mol/l时，碱式碳酸钇胶粒进行快速聚集，经历扩散控制聚集机理，形成结构疏松、更为开放的分形聚集粒子簇，其分形维数为1.82，碱式碳酸钇胶粒聚集增长动力学遵循幂函数增长规律，与Lin等使用静态激光光散射和动态激光光散射测量硅胶(1.85)、金胶(1.86)和聚苯乙烯胶乳(1.82)在扩散控制聚集状态形成聚集粒子簇的分形维数值以及粒子簇聚集增长的动力学规律相一致，表明胶粒聚集标度性质的普适性质在初始多分散的实际体系中也是存在的，首次由动态激光光散射的实验数据得到初始多分散胶粒分形粒子簇的聚集速率常数，并且其值与Smoluchowski聚集速率理论预期相符。

We have carried out high density resistivity data processing standardization for one line with one suit of parameters through long line and multi-array data linkage processing, conquered the abuse of false anomaly and information lose for multi-array with different parameters, and resolved the problem that the disaccord of color bar with different array electric property profile and no illustration for the coordinate of profile with the chainage.

本文通过对高密度电阻率法勘探中的长测线多排列数据进行连接处理，实现了同一测线采用同一套参数的规范化处理，克服了因不同排列采用不同参数处理而导致假异常和信息丢失等弊端，同时解决了在成像时，因各个电性剖面的色标值不一致，剖面坐标与实际桩号对应不直观，导致对整个区域的电性趋势认识产生误导的问题。

The synthesis of chiral pharmaceuticals is a hot issue of the development in pharmaceutical in the world,asymmetric hydrogenization of which is the successful technology in the chiral synthesis .

手性药物的合成是目前全球药物开发研究的热点，而不对称氢化是手性合成中最成熟的技术。讨论了不对称氢化技术在镇痛类、抗生素类、抗菌类、抗忧郁类以及维生素类等9类手性药物合成中的实际应用

The discriminant analyses,of 28 granitic intrusives distributed in the periphery of the stanniferous granite bodies,by using the Keluo-Lazi diagram,SiO2-Al2O3+Na2O+K2O-CaO+MgO+FeO diagram,Fe-Na+K-Mg diagram and K-Na-Ca diagram,,indicate that the four diagrams can be applied to...

对分布于含锡花岗岩类岩体外围的28个可能含锡岩体进行科勒-拉兹图解、S iO2-A l2O3+Na2O+K2O-CaO+MgO+FeO图解、Fe-Na+K-Mg图解和K-Na-Ca图解判别后发现，壳源酸性花岗岩类完全可以用四图解进行含锡性判别，并且完全符合实际地质特征，大部分都有希望找到伴生壳源型锡矿床；而幔源中基性花岗岩类的含锡性却不适用上述四个图解进行判别。

Aiming at the actual need of impeach work, and on the basis of analyzing, concluding, summarizing and informing against the systematic current situation at present, the article structure the new model of electronic impeaching system, adopt group signature and bit commitment technology to realize each functions of the system respectively, and guarantee the security of accuser, such as anonymity, unforgeability, undeniable, unlinkability,traceability,etc.

论文针对检举工作的实际需要，在分析、归纳、总结了当前检举系统现状的基础上，构造了新型电子检举系统的模型，并分别采用群签名和比特承诺技术实现了系统的各项功能，保证了匿名性、不可伪造性、不可否认性、不相关性和可追踪性等安全性。

He did not see that the continuity of an oligarchy need not be physical, nor did he pause to reflect that hereditary aristocracies have always been shortlived, whereas adoptive organizations such as the Catholic Church have sometimes lasted for hundreds or thousands of years.

他们以为不世袭的就不会是永远的，但是他们不明白寡头政治的连贯性并不需要是实际意义上的，他们也不会像世袭贵族统治总是短命的，而是像天主教会这样具有吸纳性的机构有时会维持几百年甚至几千年。

At the crossing line of the minoritizing and universalizing of queer subjectivity between Korea and the West, I'd like to construct an argument and discuss a new possibility of "West Meets East" in queer politics as to how Korean queers achieve sexual citizenship by not assimilating heteronormative norms and values but liberating their own quotidian sexual subjectivities and reforming institutions to further recognition of sexual diversity and inequality.

南韩的酷儿们要获得性方面的公民权不应该被异性恋的规范同化，而是要解放他们自己每天的性主体性，更多认识性多样性，认识实际存在的不平等。因此，在将酷儿的主体性少数派化和普遍化的过程中，在南韩和西方的交界线上，我希望建构一个新的论调，提出一种新的有关酷儿政治的&西方遇见东方&的可能性。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。