不复杂的

Main factor determining the characteristics of a loading vehicle is its dynamometer characteristics. Currently common dynamometers couldn't meet the low speed and high load requirements of a loading vehicle and make the power absorbing system structure complicated and the test procedure complex.

决定负荷车特性的主要因素是测功机特性，目前常见的测功机不能满足负荷车低速大负荷加载要求，并使负荷车功率吸收系统结构复杂，试验操作繁琐。

I'm using this plaintext-only approach as it demonstrates clearly the mechanism of a finite state machine without adding the code clutter of a more complex environment.

我使用纯文本的原因是为了清晰地示范有限状态机的机制，不想增加代码以免搞得太过于复杂。

The main factors affecting the soil-structure interface behaviors were found experimentally and theoretically, including: 1 the thickness of the interface that is five to six times the average grain size of the soil; 2 the aeolotropy of interface, which is responsible for anisotropic response of the stress-strain response of the interface; 3 two physical states, including crashing and compression of the soil near the structure surface, which govern the stress-strain response of the interface strongly; 4 two shear deformation components due to sliding and constraint of the structure surface relative to the soil respectively, which forms the deformation of the interface; 5 the volumetric strain due to dilatancy, which is found to be composed of a reversible dilatancy component and an irreversible dilatancy component. 4. A unified constitutive model of the interface, based on new elasto-plasticity damage theory, was developed. It was confirmed to be effective for the conditions considering monotonic and cyclic shearing, coupling effect of shear and volumetric strains, evolution of physical state, micro-structure aeolotropy of the soil and the resulting aeolotropy of the interface as well as the three normal boundary conditions stated above. 5. 2D and 3D finite element formulations of the present model were derived and incorporated into the FEM codes. They were applied to the evaluation of practical engineering problems with different typical interfaces between soil and structure. The new model was shown to be reasonable and effective.

确定了粗粒土与结构接触面厚度约为5～6倍的平均粒径，首次揭示了接触面的细观结构异向性以及由此所引起的宏观剪切异向性，发现了在单调和往返剪切荷载作用下土颗粒破碎和剪切压密两种物态变化机制共同支配着接触面力学性质的变化，通过细观分析证实了接触面的变形可分解为一般同时发生的土与结构交界面上的滑移变形以及结构面位移约束范围之内土体本身的剪切变形两部分，观测到接触面受剪时表现出明显的相对法向位移，并可分解为可逆性和不可逆性两个分量；(4)建立了第一个能够统一地描述单调与往返剪切特性、剪应变与体应变耦合特性、细观结构和宏观剪切异向性以及土颗粒破碎等物态变化特性的土与结构接触面弹塑性损伤本构数学模型，并采用多种法向边界条件复杂加载路径的试验成果验证了新模型的合理性和有效性；(5)提出了新模型的二、三维有限元格式并结合实际边值问题进行了应用计算分析，比较了不同接触面本构模型对计算结果的影响，证实了新模型及其有限元格式不仅能够合理地描述土与结构接触面的主要力学特性，还能够较好地反映土体与结构物在接触面处的滑移、脱开等不连续现象。

Researching on the decision-maker's behavior hypothesis and classification principle in incomplete informational risk assessment, this paper built the rational decision-making route as①releasing the sequential or partible hypothesis of individual preference and alternatives independence condition in order to satisfy the actual decision-making;②keeping the optimal result of group decision-making according as the thought of"Binary comparison"of sequence path independence condition SPI building the hierarchy structure in opening frame of discernment to increase granularity of discernment.

研究不完全信息操作风险评价的决策者行为假设和分类方法，构建理性决策路径和决策机制：①放松Arrow选择理论的决策者个人偏好连续或可分假设、无关方案独立性条件，以满足决策过程的实际情况。②构建开放的决策识别框架，依据序贯路径无关条件的&两两比较&思想，保证群体决策结果的最优性；在开放的识别框架中建立层次结构，增加识别粒度。将主观信息表达转化为专家对某一属性判断的基本可信度分配，运用证据理论处理不完全信息的融合问题。③基于包含度的分层约简方法降低决策复杂度。

The fossil collections are important both scientifically and historically, with exceptionally well-preserved specimens from the Midlands and many other famous fossil localities in the UK, and throughout the world.The museum has some of the finest collections from the Wenlock Limestone of Dudley, famous for its fossils that lived 420 million years ago when the area was covered by a shallow, warm, tropical sea that enabled a highly diverse ecosystem to develop. From the rocks of the old Midlands Coalfields are important collections of fossil plants, fish, insects, arachnids, fossil footprints and animal tracks.

伯明翰大学的地质博物馆就在它的主楼里，不大，也不需买票，里面还免费提供小食品和饮料，但是展品很全：始祖鸟、鹦鹉螺、暴龙头骨、小昆虫和像钉子一样的不知名海底生物的化石，金、银、铜、硫的天然单质矿石，和一些由任何一本参考书上都没说过的复杂化学式所代表的成分所组成的宝石（我到今天才知道碱式碳酸铜的结晶原来这么漂亮），还有一些只听说过的铁酸盐晶体，当然馆内远远不止这

They fail to define clearly the dimensions along which they are prepared to allow their customers to individualise their purchase. This leads to unnecessary cost and complexity. Dell and Swatch do not offer consumers infinite choice. They are not trying to be all things to all customers. In any case, consumers generally prefer to be told what their limits are, and then to be allowed free rein within them. Successful mass customisers first find out what limits their customers are happy to live within, and then organise their operations accordingly.

公司在明确允许其客户在多大尺度上定制他们的商品存在困难这带来了额外的成本和复杂度戴尔和Swatch对顾客提供的选择是有限的他们没有试图让顾客进行无限选择总之，客户大多喜欢被告是什么是可以选择的，而什么不能，然后在可选择的范围内自由发挥成功的大规模定制公司首先要找出在不剥夺其客户选择乐趣的限制范围，然后在根据这个范围来进行下一步

These selected variables were used in the determination of total volatile alkaloids and total nitrogen in tobaccos by partial least squares method.

偏最小二乘法[3]和主成分回归[4]是NIR技术中常用的两种化学计量学方法，曾被认为对噪音信号不敏感，在对庞大的数据矩阵进行处理时不需要变量筛选，但大量的研究工作表明，有效的变量筛选可以改善模型的预测能力和减少模型的复杂程度[5～8]。

humans history of science development as it were a history of learning from other being.from bat to echo locator,from leaves array to sydney opera house,all of these outcome are coming from creature.bees build hexagonal honeycomb to use space as fully as possible ,which is very scientific.ants can build complex hole to feed babies,transport and store 美容 in small and limited space.by researching honeycomb and ant city,the city plot sign can make use of 食品 conclusion.

人类的科技发展史可以说是一部向其他物种不断学习模拟的历史。从蝙蝠到回声定位仪、从鸟类到波音747、从树叶的排列到悉尼歌剧院，无疑不是向生物学习的结果。蜂巢是通过六边形的蜂房来实现了对空间的最大利用，毫不浪费（因为圆形总是会有空隙，而方形又不节省材料，所以介于它们之间的形状充分综合了二者的优势）。蚂蚁穴是庞大的蚂蚁群在极小的空间中构筑的复杂巢穴，能满足其哺育后代，运输贮存食物等功能，并且是井井有条。

Though the problem is quite complicated,we can make it clear:we admitted the historical feat that Luxun achieved through nationality animadverting,even admitted the nationality's shortcoming that was pointed out by foreigners and that really exits,but we can't accept the debasement of Chinese race by the self-centered westers;we should not blame Luxun for his radicalness,and refused the proud attitude of the missionaries.

尽管留下的问题十分复杂，但还得说清楚：我们承认鲁迅通过国民性批判所做出的历史功绩，甚至也承认西方人所指出的一些确实存在的我们国民性的弊端，却不能接受西方中心主义者们关于中国&人种&的贬损；我们不应责怪鲁迅作为文学家的偏激，却拒绝传教士们高傲的姿态。

However, it can only implement the limited operation to the spatial objects, cannot carry on transformation, index, interlink age and excavation to the spatial data, and hard integrate other information with combining map variable to set up and analysis new variable. Meanwhile, relational model in the traditional DBMS and the object- oriented modeling do not completely suit the spatial application domain. The relational model can handle topological relation well, but shows inabilities to that complicated level crossing the spatial region. Object-oriented model using software method based on the principle of the customer defined data type supports the abstract data type, especially spatial abstract data type, and possesses polymorphism and inheritances, and it can deal with topological and the layer relation, but hardly processes important continuous phenomenon in space.

GIS是当今操作有关空间信息的成熟工具和技术，但其只能对空间对象进行有限的操作，不能对空间数据进行变换、索引、链接和挖掘，难以集成其他信息来构建和分析新变量；而传统数据库管理模型中的关系模型和面向对象建模也不完全适合空间应用这一领域，关系模型能够较好地处理拓扑关系，但对表示横跨空间区域的复杂层次却无能为力；面向对象模型的软件方法支持抽象数据类型，特别是空间抽象数据类型，具有继承性和多态性，能够处理拓扑和层次关系，但难以处理空间中重要的连续性现象。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。