不可变的

But it seems impossible to suppose that an agent could change the electrical resistance of a physical system without expending energy in the process, for to do this would necessitate changing the physical structure of the system, and that implies changing the positions of bits of matter on which forces are acting (think of turning the knob on a rheostat or variable resistor: one must expend energy to do this).

但是似乎不可能假设一个人能够改变物理系统的电子阻力而没有在这个过程中消耗能量，因为这样做会必然改变系统的物理结构，这会导致物质的the positions of bits的改变，在其中力起了作用。（考虑可变电阻器的按钮，做这个事情是要消耗能量的。

Aimed at 9-degree of freedom hyper-redundant module robot in intra-vehicular robot system, attention is given to the avoiding joint limits as an optimal mark. Two different iterative algorithms considering fault-tolerance for trajectory planning of redundant robot in Cartesian space are then proposed by using the method of differential locomotion. The first algorithm is for linear-path in which the pose of manipulator can be changed, the second is for circular-path in the plane decided by three noncollinear arbitrary points in the space. Experiments on the specimen robot platform are performed to validate the above algorithms.

以太空舱内机器人系统9-自由度超冗余模块机器人为研究对象，以避关节极限作为优化指标，考虑容错性能，利用微分运动的方法，分别提出了适于计算机迭代计算的冗余机器人在笛卡儿空间进行手爪姿态可变时的直线轨迹优化算法和手爪经过空间中任意不共线3点决定的平面内的圆弧轨迹优化算法。

Based on some related concepts of shock disturbed system, weakening buffer operators with variable weights and strengthening ones with variable weights are established respectively. This subject defines buffer operator regulation degree which reflects effect strength to original sequence caused by buffer operator, and also studie the relationship between buffer operator regulation degree and variable weight. Consequently, the monotonicity nonvariable axim of buffer operator is put forward.

基于冲击扰动系统的相关概念，提出了变权缓冲算子的概念，分别构造了变权弱化缓冲算子和变权强化缓冲算子，定义了缓冲算子调节度来反映缓冲算子对原始序列的作用强度，并研究了缓冲算子调节度与可变权重之间的关系，在此基础上提出了缓冲算子的单调性不变公理。

Therefore, there is a possibility for improving the performance of non-real-time data traffic while still meeting the QoS of service requirement for real-time CBR traffic. The DOCSIS is established as the primary HFC network data communication standard. The intended service allows transparent bi-directional transfer of Internet Protocol traffic between the Cable Modem Termination System in cable system headend and Cable Modem in customer locations with significantly high data rate.

DOCSIS HFC网络的宽带性能使得传输高质量的实时音视频数据成为可能，实时可变比特率视频业务是宽带HFC网络的主要应用之一，实时VBR视频业务具有严格的延时和延时抖动要求，然而当前的DOCSIS HFC网络只能提供高速Internet接入，只支持有限的服务质量保证，现有的协议和方法不适合上行传输实时VBR视频业务。

By the balance of communication link power, SNR balance guidelines and BER balance, under the base to meet the requirements of systems and not affecting thequality of call. Finally, the open-loop/closed-loop variable step length reverse power control is introduced, its principle is under the original open-loop power control to select suitable power control step by the new power control bit, and achieves a balanced system fastest and most effective.Keywords: Step, Power-control, Brethren interference, Proximity effect

依据通信链路的功率平衡准则、信噪比平衡准则和误码率平衡准则，在满足系统要求和不影响通话质量的基础上，最后提出了开环/闭环可变步长的反向功率控制，其原理是在原有的开环功率控制的基础上，依据新的功率控制比特，来选取合适的功率控制步长，以最快、最有效的方法使系统达到平衡。

Aimed at the characteristics that design conditions of the foundation structures of offshore long-span-bridges are different from that of common bridges, the partial factors, the target reliability indices and the factors of wind load in different design fields were all analyzed. Then, three levels of target reliability indices which are 1.5, 2.0 and 2.3 respectively, and the corresponding factors of frequent value and quasi-permanent value of live loads based on JCSS model code with JC method were suggested.

针对大型跨海桥梁基础结构正常使用极限状态的设计条件不同于一般桥梁的特点，对各类不同设计领域的设计分项系数、目标可靠度指标及风荷载系数进行了分析和比较；然后以JCSS模式规范为基础，通过可靠度计算的验算点法，经过多次试算，建议了目标可靠度指标分别为1.5、2.0和2.3的三级可靠度水平及相应的可变荷载频遇值系数和准永久值系数。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。