不变化

The major findings include:(1) By using fuel as the base indicator of relative efficiency, we found the following input factors' distribution inefficiency for domestic airlines: The distribution inefficiency of labor and capital input factors differs from airline to airline, and is becoming more severe with time; the distribution inefficiency of other factors does not differ very much among airlines but varies with time. It is inefficient from 1989 to 1995 but becomes more efficient during 1996 to 1997;(2) Airline companies have higher economies of density before 1996, but tend to show a constant return to density in 1997 when considering allocative distortions. The technical efficiency of input factors as a whole has declined after the open-air policy;(3) The costs of airlines are increasing significantly due to their distribution inefficiencies;(4) The instrument variable generated through a quasi price function does not have significant influence on cost; this may imply that airline companies in this time period did not exhibit the phenomena of high-quality high-price.

其主要结论如下：(1)藉由相对燃油分配效率探讨各投入要素之分配扭曲情形发现：劳动和因定投入要素之分配无效率因公司别而有所不同，且随时间而严重，唯民国86年稍有改善；其他要素之分配无效率则较不因公司别而有所不同，但亦随时间发生变化，初期为无效率，在民国85、86年则较具效率；(2)若考虑分配扭曲情形下，国内航空业在民国85年之前具有较高之密度经济，民国86年则趋向固定密度报酬；此整体投入要素之技术效率而官，在天空开放政策后其技术效率随时间变化而下降，但就燃油投入要素平均技术进步率而言，则其技术效率逐年增加且幅度明显；(3)航空公司因分配无效率所造成成本增加的情形相当明显；(4)准价格工具变数对成本之影响并不明显，此可能反映在此期间国内航空公司似乎并未趋向於高品质高价格之现象。

In the paper,the theory of production frontiers and its non-parametric measurement ap～proaches are used to figure out the input compressing productivity index,Malmquist productivity index based on the input oriented non-parametric production frontiers .The technology efficiency and thedis～tance function and their nonparametric models anr introduced on the conditions of Constant Return to Scale and input strong disposability The Non-pparametric measurement approaces and the decomposition of Malmquist prisuctibity index are put forward

孙巍文采用生产前沿面理论及其非参数方法，对假定产出确定条件下投入压缩的生产率指数基于投入前沿面的Malmquist生产率指数进行了理论与测度方法研究，通过规模收益不变且要素自由，C，S，前沿面条件下的技术效率，距离函数及其非参数模型的分析，本文给出了基于非参数，C，S，投入前沿面的Malmquist生产率指数的非参数测度模型，并从技术变化和资源配置效率变化两个方面进行了分解

What they think policy constitutor is faced is not with invariable nature the simple rich between weichis, however as individual as reason between the dynamic gain that have weichis, reason is individual can observe and anticipate governmental policy meet as the change of economic environment change, make the reliability of a lot of economic policy drops thereby, at this moment time consistency problem can arise.

他们认为政策制定者面对的不是与一成不变的大自然之间的简单博弈，而是与理性个体之间进行的动态博弈，理性个体能够观察并预期到政府政策会随着经济环境的变化而变化，从而使许多经济政策的可信度下降，这时时间一致性问题就会产生。

The annual variation of each meteorological parameter likes cosmic ray flux. There is obvious correlation existing between cosmic ray and each meteorological parameter. After the meteorological effect of cosmic ray being corrected by using multianalysis, there is no annual variation of cosmic ray.

论文还对1994-2004年间的气象数据进行了整理分析，气压、室内温度、室外温度与宇宙线触发率有着相似的年变化，存在较强关联；之后对宇宙线触发率进行了多元气象参量修正，修正后的宇宙线触发率不再有明显的年变化。

The principle of work is: When ambient temperature rises, the pressure of the SF6 gas increases, drives the indicator along the clockwise rotation, but at the same time, the mouth of the bimetal compensation system "the U shape" publicizes, then impels the indicator to the counter clockwise rotation, when two kind of strength be equilibrium, the ambient temperature change cannot made the indicator deflection.

工作原理是：当环境温度上升时，虽然容器内SF6气体的密度未发生变化但其压力增大，带动指针顺时方向转动，而当温度上升时，双金属补偿装置的"U形"口张大，则推动指针向逆时针方向转动，当两种运动引起表针的偏转量相抵销时，无论环境温度如何变化，指针都不会发生偏转。

Otherwise, When ambient temperature falls, the pressure of the SF6 gas decreases, drives the indicator counter the clockwise rotation, but at the same time, the mouth of the bimetal compensation system "the U shape" reduces, then impels the indicator to along the clockwise rotation, when two kind of strength be equilibrium, the ambient tempera

反之，当环境温度下降时，虽然容器内SF6 气体的密度未发生变化但其压力减小，带动指针向逆时方向转动，而当温度下降时，双金属补偿装置的"U 形"口缩小，则推动指针向顺时针方向转动，当两种可运动个起表针的偏转量相抵销时，无论环境温度如何变化，指针都不会发生偏转。

Compared to NMR techniques, the fluorometric analysis method revealed that there are not only obvious interactions of quinoline or its derivates and cucurbit [ 7 ] uril, but also interactions of quinoline or its derivates and cucurbit[6]uril or cucurbit[8]uril which can not be observed by using ^1H NMR technique.

与核磁共振技术比较，荧光光谱分析方法具有高灵敏性的特点，不仅可观察到喹啉及其衍生物与七元瓜环相互作用而引起的荧光性质变化；还能观察到它们与六元瓜环或八元瓜环相互作用所产生的变化，这是通常的NMR方法所不能实现的。

With curvilinear regression analysis we can prove that the result of the new approach is high correlation with MTF measured by optical instrument, in other words, the new method is sensitive to the change of image definition. When compared with traditional method, the result of analysis can also show that the new method is better than traditional method, such as entropy, to assess gray scale digital image definition.

目前 ，对数字图像清晰度的评价方法主要有空域参数方差、熵以及频域调制传递函数MTF等，但由于这些方法各有优缺点，如空域参数虽评价简洁、快速，但对图像清晰度的细小变化不敏感；频域参数虽对图像清晰度变化敏感，但计算较慢，不宜程序运算的自动化。

As an open system, the enterprise has experienced a complex and developmental process from its foundation, expansion, maturity to its decadency. During the process, there is crisis anytime because of the external and internal circumstances' changes within the enterprise.

企业作为一个开放系统，从创立、成长、成熟到衰退，经历着快速发展变化的复杂过程，在这一过程中，企业由于外部环境和内部条件的不断变化，无时无处不存在危机。

The price of the product is not constant but varies with supply and demand.

产品的价格不是固定的，而是随供求的变化而变化。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。