不偏

This ellipsometric method does not need to rotate the sample azimuthally. The physical parameters of sample are measured under various linear polarized lights through the numerical fitting to its theoretical model. In addition to the orientation of the first layer of nematic liquid crystal is considered, the total phase retardation and twist angle of twist Nematic Liquid Crystal cell are the physical parameters measured by this method.

本论文以椭圆偏极术为基础，在不需转动样本方位角的情况下，以不同偏振方向的线性偏振光入射样本，藉由出射光偏振态的变化，用数值方法拟合出样本矩阵模型参数；我们所量测的样本为扭转式液晶盒，其矩阵模型包含了三个参数：总相位延迟、扭转角及第一层液晶锚定方向。

The reason of white band formation in the solidified shell in the mold has been studied by means of water modeling test and the analysis of the solidified microstructure of practical CC slab an.

为了定量把握结晶器中的钢水流动、钢水过热度及结晶器传热阻力对初期凝固坯壳的凝固不均一的影响，利用水冷铜板的浸渍实验，测定了各种铸造条件下的凝固坯壳厚度、凝固不均一度及树枝晶偏角；利用水力模型实验，并对实机铸坯的凝固组织分析，EPMA对负偏析带的线分析，得出了在结晶器中凝固坯壳上负偏析带的产生原因。

The structure of polarimeter is different from the traditional polarimeter. Changing the ratio of R/a between the radius of the metal stick and the lattice constant can design the working wave band in advance and obtain high degree of polarization and transmission rate.

本发明提供的偏振器结构不同于传统的偏振器，它可以通过只改变金属棒的半径和晶格常数R/a的比，预先设计工作波段，并且可以得到高的偏振度和透射率。

There was a little difference betweenphotosynthesis characteristic of the two varieties,response of Jiamusi to low temperature andpoor light was more sensitive than that of Longjiao No.2 and decreased pronouncedly withdecreasing light.6.EC and MDA of pepper leaves increased under low temperature and poor light,therewere no significant differences between them with decreasing light at 21-23℃/8-10℃,butthey were increased dramatically at 15-20℃/5-6℃.So we can speculate that lowertemperature was the direct reason resulted in cell membrane lipid peroxidation.7.No significant difference of SOD activity was observed under suboptimal temperatureand poor light21-23℃/8-10℃;150μmol·m~(-2·s~(-1),but SOD and POD activity substantiallydeclined with lowering temperature and light as well as treatment time.8.Under suboptimal temperature and lower light,proline accumulated to increaseosmotic regulation capacity and alleviate chilling damage.Soluble carbohydrate of pepper leaves decreased progressively and significantly with decreasing temperature and lightintensity as well as longer treatment time.So we think that synthesis and transport ofphotosynthetic product were inhibited by low temperature and poor light as solublecarbohydrate was important component of photosynthetic product.

两个供试辣椒品种之间的光合特性略有差异，佳木斯对低温弱光的反应比陇椒2号敏感，尤其随光照降低，其光合作用显著降低。6、低温弱光胁迫下，辣椒叶片的相对电导率和丙二醛含量都有不同程度的提高，在偏低温下，随着光照减弱，相对电导率和丙二醛含量差异不显著；在极端低温下，随着光照进一步减弱，相对电导率和丙二醛含量明显提高，随着处理时间延长，同一温度下，随着光照降低，叶片丙二醛含量也显著增加，由此可初步判断，低温是导致细胞膜脂过氧化的直接原因。7、经偏低温较弱光21～23℃／8～10℃、150μmol·m~(-2·s~(-1)处理后，辣椒叶片的超氧化物歧化酶活性变化与对照无显著差异，但随着温度、光强的逐步降低和处理时间的延长，SOD、POD活性显著降低。8、在偏低温较弱光下，辣椒能积累更多的脯氨酸，增强渗透调节，减轻低温冷害。

But the data analysis is relied on experience and statistics in a certain extent, so sometimes it makes big errors. Daniudi gas field is a low permeable gas field, the pressure buildup slowly. The measured formation static pressure is low and the flow pressure is high, so the calculated unresisted flow is high.

特别是大牛地气田属于低渗透气藏，压力恢复缓慢，所测的地层静压值偏低，求产开井3天以上多数井测取不到稳定的流压，所取流压值偏高，计算的无阻流量均偏高。

Secund abrasion is main format of abrasion about double-front-axle steering automobile and is different from secund abrasion caused by the parameter matching of the wheel location improperly.

双前轴转向汽车轮胎磨损的主要形式是偏磨损，这种偏磨损有别于车轮定位参数匹配不当时引起的偏磨损。

The paper point out the problems of the consumption structure of Yanbian urban residents through studying it: the percent of food consumption expenditure is relatively large; the consumption structure between people who have different income have great difference; compared with the developed areas in our china,the consumption structure of Yanbian is different; the percent of residents savings deposits is relatively large;Meanwhile, through studying the consumption structure of Yanbian urban residents, we also can fina that:The overall income level of residents is low; Distribution gap of income is too large; industrial structure is unbalance; population aging and unharmony of the consumption environment and so on ,which is the fundamental reason why caused these problems.

本文通过对延边城镇居民消费结构的研究，指出城镇居民消费结构中存在的问题：食品消费支出中的粮食消费支出偏大；不同收入群体消费结构差异较大；与发达地区消费结构差异较大；居民储蓄存款比例偏大。并且通过分析发现：居民整体收入水平偏低；收入分配差距过大；产业结构失衡；人口老年化和消费环境不和谐等因素，是引起这些问题的根本原因。

When left when the test-drive after repair in shop main engine is adding this ship to 540r/min, supercharger occurrence asthma brace up phenomenon, rotate speed lifts slightly again, noise shakes very big, smoke evacuation temperature is normal, hair of on the high side of temperature of air inlet duct is very hot, as good as of smoke evacuation smoke constant, supercharger rotor rotate speed and the rotate speed of right leader supercharger that work normally comparative. 2 breakdown analyse this model diesel engine supercharger breathes heavily brace up the reason has the following sides. Bearing of 1 supercharger rotor damages, bring about on the low side of supercharger rotor rotate speed or wave motion, make inadequacy of compressor part air feed and diesel engine and its demand do not match, bring about air current not to stabilize generation to breathe heavily brace up. 2 diesel engine offers oil, match gas to time forbid, match gas, draw well time and disorder, bring about supercharger to breathe heavily brace up. 3 supercharger nozzle jams, cause smoke evacuation not free, circumfluence of exhaust stroke waste gas, enter jackknife of new energy of life with the below one stroke that take energy of life, produce air current to hit generation to breathe heavily brace up. Canal of 4 smoke evacuation jams, smoke evacuation not free, bring about waste gas circumfluence, hit generation of new energy of life to breathe heavily brace up. 5 jams into gas mouth, enter gas inadequacy, generation breathes heavily brace up. 3 trouble removal are based on above analysis, adopt the following measure to remove trouble.

该舰在厂修后试车时左主机在加至540r/min时，增压器出现喘振现象，转速再略升高，声响震动很大，排烟温度正常，进气管温度偏高发烫，排烟烟色无异常，增压器转子转速和正常工作的右主机增压器转速相当。2故障分析该型柴油机增压器喘振的原因有以下几个方面。1增压器转子轴承损坏，导致增压器转子转速偏低或波动，使得压气机部分供气不足和柴油机及其需求不匹配，导致气流不稳定产生喘振。2柴油机供油、配气定时不准，配气、发火定时紊乱，导致增压器喘振。3增压器喷嘴堵塞，导致排烟不畅，排气冲程废气回流，和下一进气冲程进新气重叠，发生气流冲撞产生喘振。4排烟管堵塞，排烟不畅，导致废气回流，冲撞新气产生喘振。5进气口堵塞，进气不足，产生喘振。3故障排除基于以上分析，采取以下办法排除故障。

The writer thinks existing major problems:1、The confusion Produces by the same plant have the different name、the different plant have the same name、think the typeface meaning just the righteousness,even fabricate without basis etc; 2、Because dont understand living creature type and adaptability in the depth of the water for the plants , A great deal of aquatic plants death;3、In planting design, so much express of plants specification ,and many of them are disobey with biology characteristic, so the plants are hard for purchase or the result is very bad after plant; 4、Plant density more than 100 times or less than several decuples of normal.

作者认为存在的主要问题有：1、植物名称同物异名、同名异物、望文成义，甚至凭空捏造等等产生的混乱；2、植物生物型和水深适应性不了解造成的种植水深不符植物习性，从而使大量水生植物死亡；3、种植设计中，苗木规格的表述不妥，许多表述与植物的生物学特性相违背，造成苗木难以采购或种植后效果极差；4、种植密度严重偏大或偏小，偏大的大于正常的100多倍，小的则少几十倍。

The writer thinks existing major problems:1、The confusion Produces by the same plant have the different name、the different plant have the same name、think the typeface meaning just the righteousness,even fabricate without basis etc; 2、Because dont understand living creature type and adaptability in the depth of the water for the plants , A great deal of aquatic plants death;3、In planting design, so much express of plants specification ,and many of them are disobey with biology characteristic, so the plants are hard for purchase or the result is very bad after plant; 4、Plant density more than 100 times or less than several decuples of normal.

作者认为存在的主要问题有：1、植物名称同物异名、同名异物、望文成义，甚至凭空捏造等等产生的混乱；2、植物生物型和水深适应性不了解造成的种植水深不符植物习性，从而使大量水生植物死亡；3、种植设计中，苗木规格的表述不妥，许多表述与植物的生物学特性相违背，造成苗木难以采购或种植后效果极差；4、种植密度严重偏大或偏小，偏大的大于正常的100多倍，小的则少几十倍检针机。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。