下鼻甲

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of vadian neurectomy under the nasal endoscope on the vasomotor rhinitis. Methods Anatomic measurements of vadian canal in 14 cadavers were carried out, and vadian neurectomy under the nasal endoscope was performed on 51 patients with vasomotor rhinitis.

目的：探讨鼻内窥镜下翼管神经切断术对血管运动性鼻炎的治疗作用，方法：对14个尸头进行细致的解剖测量研究，并对51例血管运动性鼻炎患者实施了鼻内窥镜下切除中鼻甲后端进路的冀管神经切断术，术后随访5年。

Results Ciliary beat frequency of cultured human nasal epithelial cells is 10.39±1.80 Hz at 25℃. Ciliary beat frequency of different cilia is equal on the same cell, it is also equal from uncinate process and inferior turbinate.

结果 在25℃，体外培养的人鼻腔黏膜纤毛摆动频率是10.39±1.80Hz；同一细胞任意两点纤毛摆动频率是相同的；同一来源的体外培养的钩突和下鼻甲的纤毛摆动频率是相同的。

Ciliary beat frequency was measured by digital high-speed microscope. results ciliary beat frequency of cultured human nasal epithelial cells is 10.39±1.80 hz at 25℃. ciliary beat frequency of different cilia is equal on the same cell,it is also equal from uncinate process and inferior turbinate.

结果 在25℃，体外培养的人鼻腔黏膜纤毛摆动频率是10.39±1.80hz；同一细胞任意两点纤毛摆动频率是相同的；同一来源的体外培养的钩突和下鼻甲的纤毛摆动频率是相同的。

The degree of eosinophil infiltration was determined by Chromotrope 2R histochemical method in the corresponding tissue. The number of EOS of blood was counted in each group. Result: There were more significant differences between either two groups about the level of tissue-bound IgE and the degree of eosinophil infiltration.

结果：(1)鼻息肉病、鼻息肉、正常下鼻甲黏膜三组组织中IgE的表达水平不同，两两比较差别均有统计学意义(P.01)；且其水平分别与鼻息肉及鼻息肉病组织中EOS浸润数呈正相关(P.01)。

We reconstructed the 3-D and virtual endoscopy image about nasal septum, frontal area of the apertura of sphenoidal sinus, sphenopalatine foramen, sphenopalatine artery and sphenoidal sinus use Volume Rendering, Multiplanar Reformation, Virtual Endoscopy and Curved Planar Reformat, and measured and ,about undertaked The nose, nasal septum, sphenopalatine artery, anterior region of the aperture of sphenoidal sinus, sphenopalatine artery and adjacent structures of hypophysial fossa were dissected, observed, measured and analysised the dependency anatomic structure at the same time.

结果： 一、标本解剖 1、鼻孔长径11.32±0.82(10.2~13.2)mm，鼻孔短径7.85±1.21(5.2~9.8)mm。鼻中隔厚度在前、中、后部分别为5.02±0.42(3.8~5.4)mm、5.57±0.47(4.5~6.4)mm、5.55±0.55(4.8~6.4) mm。 2、鼻中隔骨与软骨交界处距前鼻棘21.26±2.47(18.1~27.6)mm，距鼻孔内侧缘中点33.72±3.52(27.1~40.6)mm，距鼻小柱30.12±2.84(26.9~36.8)mm，距蝶窦口下缘38.04±3.49(32.4~45.1)mm，距后鼻孔41.82±3.96(36.9~50.1)mm。四方软骨中部厚度、边缘厚度、前后径、上下径分别为：1.12±0.13(0.92~1.42)mm、1.28±0.24 (0.83~1.67)mm、30.93±4.52(24.9~40.6)mm、29.94±2.14(24.8~34.3)mm。 3、蝶窦口长5.64±0.39(4.92~5.94)mm，宽3.58±0.22(3.10~3.96)mm，距上鼻甲尾部9.5±0.9(8.5~12.1)mm，距上鼻道未端14.5±1.1(12.5~16.4)mm，距中鼻甲尾

Methods Twelve cases of pneumatized inferior turbinates demonstrated by HRCT were retrospectively analyzed.

回顾性分析12例经HRCT显示的下鼻甲气化的资料，分析其影像学表现。

Objective: To compare the advantages and disadvantages between power system and semiconductor laser in partial inferior turbinectomy.

目的：比较动力系统与半导体激光下鼻甲部分切除术的优缺点。

Objective:To evaluate the efficiency of Nd:YAG laser combined with partial inferior turbinectomy in allergic and perennial rhinitis.

目的：总结Nd：YAG激光结合下鼻甲部分切除治疗常年性变应性鼻炎的疗效。

Compared with the partial middle or inferior turbinectomy without nasal endoscope.

与额镜下鼻甲部分切除治疗相比，本治疗手术出血少，视野清晰，操作方便，术后反应轻。

No complication happened.Conclusion:Compared with the partial middle or inferior turbinectomy and YAG laser surgury without nasal endoscope. This technique has several advantages such as less damage, less hemorrhage, clear and clean operation field, easy to operate and so on.

与中、下鼻甲部分切除术及额镜直视Nd：YAG激光治疗相比，本治疗手术创面小，出血少，视野清晰，治疗范围明确，操作方便，且术后反应轻。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。