下颚

An empty fold of skin hung from his chin to his Adam's apple.

从下颚到喉结，他的皮肤松弛地垂了下来。

There is aslight prominence of thenasalbone structure causing a slightly Romanappearance, the centerlinerunning up over the foreface with little orno stop, falling awayinfront of the eyes so there is an absolutelyclear outlook withnointerference; the underjaw showing great strength,the jaws longandpunishing; the mouth level, meaning that the teethfrom the upperjawand lower jaw match evenly, neither overshot norundershot.

轻微突起的鼻梁骨，形成了罗马面貌，其中心线沿着前脸上升到轻微的止部，消失在眼睛前面，所以视线清晰，没有任何冲突，下颌显得非常有力，颌部长而强烈；嘴巴为钳状咬和，上下颚牙齿均匀匹配，完全对齐，无上颚突出或下颚突出。

Also the Australian Shepherd standard states in the disqualification for undershot mouth,"Loss of contact caused by short center incisors in an otherwise correct bite shall not be judged undershot."

澳大利亚牧羊犬的标准里，对下颚部分失格的情况也有这样的表述："由于中心门齿短而导致的紧密度缺失不能判定为下颚突出。"

The Go moved backward with 1.35mm and upward with 1.90mm in group I, the gonial angle increased for 3.69°, and angle between palatal plane and mandibular plane was increased for 5.00°; In group II, the Go moved backward with 1.85mm and upward with 3.32mm , the gonial angle increased for 4.06°, and angle between palatal plane and mandibular plane was increased for 5.22°. Both in group I and II, there was a tread for clockwise rotation of mandibular corpus. The length of pterygomasseteric sling was mild increased due to the backward movement of Go.

在Go点的变动方面，在Me点向前位移的族群里，术后Go点平均向后1.35mm，向上1.90mm， gonial angle 平均增大3.69度，腭平面与下颚平面的夹角则是增加5.00度；在Me点向后位移的族群里，术后Go点平均向后1.85mm，向上3.32mm， gonial angle 平均增大4.06度，腭平面与下颚平面的夹角则是增加5.22度，不论是向前或是向后的族群，结果皆显示翼咀嚼肌悬吊带有轻微被拉长的迹象。

This simplified method combined with crown lengthening procedure and occlusal rehabilitation, the problems of insufficient interarch space and gummy smile were resolved without neither orthodontic treatment nor alteration of the occlusal vertical dimension.

本病例报告为一女性患者因长期局部缺牙，因而丧失赝复空间，在不改变其咬合垂直高度为前提下，施行上颚半口及下颚后牙之牙冠增长术，并提高其咬合平面，最后上颚以固定式局部义齿、下颚以固定式义齿合并植牙来赝复，赝复空间不足的问题已解决，病人微笑时过多牙龈暴露的情形也获得改善。

Children suffering from macroglossia may require surgical reduction of the tongue in order to prevent the social stigma of retardation associated with a large protruding tongue, and to minimize the negative affect of the large tongue on tooth and jaw development - which may cause malformation of the jaw due to constant pressure of the large tongue as well as splayed teeth.

患有巨舌症的患儿可能需要进行舌部减小手术来防止与大而突出的舌头有关的人际交往问题，以及减小大的舌头对牙齿和下颚发育带来的负面影响有可能由于舌头的持续的压力导致下颚畸形以及牙齿稀疏。

The two most commonly used surgical techniques to setback a prognathic mandible include the bilateral sagittal split osteotomy and the vertical ramus osteotomy.

二种最普遍使用正颚手术方法来改善下颚骨前突症的方法是双侧矢向面骨切开术及垂直下颚枝骨切开术。

In summary, the results indicated that Chinese in Taiwan are characterized by having a wide but short face pattern, a retroposition of the mandible ramus, a more upright mandible angle and a prominent labial inclination of anterior tooth axis.

即在台湾的中国人拥有较宽、较短的脸型，并且以下颚枝呈后移位，下颚角较小呈较直立，前牙较为前凸，为明显的特徵。

The results showed that the muscle weight of botulinum toxin injection side decreased. The craniofacial morphology of the botulinum toxin injection side were smaller in distances of zygomatic arch to mandibular lower border and ramus height than that of the normal saline injection side.

结果发现实验组大白鼠施打肉毒杆菌神经毒素侧其咬肌重量较施打生理食盐水侧及对照组小，其颅颜骨型态在颧骨弓至下颚骨缘距离，冠状突切迹最前端至下颚骨角状突最下点距离，均小於生理食盐水侧距离，有统计上之差异。

Chinese in Taiwan were characteristically different from Japanese by having a smaller interincisal angle, lower frontal facial height, mandibular angle and mandibular plane angle.

3在台湾中国人与日本人不同之处在於在台湾中国人上下门牙间角较小，前下颜面高，下颚角、下颚下缘平面角较小。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。