下限

A semiparameter Bootstrap method is investigated to determine low confidence limit for the reliability as well.

本文还发展了一种半参数Bootstrap方法用于计算可靠度的置信下限。

In this paper, the bootstrap lower confidence limit of reliability for stand - by system is studied; simulated calculation is made, The result shows that the bootstrap lower confidence limit of reliability for stand - by system is practical.

本文研究了贮备系统可靠性的Bootstrap 置信限，进行了模拟计算，结果表明贮备系统的可靠性的Bootstrap近似置信下限在实际中是可用的。

The thesis studys the equivalent exponential distribution best lower confidence limit estimation method and Bayes-Weibull model method.

论文基于循环泵的寿命数据，运用等效指数分布最优置信下限估计方法和Bayes-weibull模型方法评估循环泵的可靠性。

The lower Bayesian confidence limit designed is based on the posterior distribution of C_ combined with the application of highest posterior density.

该方法解决了后验分布虽是单峰但非对称的置信下限问题。

This method can be applied to the data of product usage and life test, namely, to access the confidence lower limit for the mean residual life under the condition of product normal working period at a certain given probability, which gives the reference for the plan of instrument life prolong and maintenance.

使用该方法，利用产品的使用及寿命试验数据，即可对产品在给定概率下和正常工作一定时间后的平均剩余寿命置信下限进行评估，为延寿使用及维修计划的制定提供依据。

In this paper, we focused on the Thermal Power Generator unit commitment optimization. A mathematical model is presented and consuming minimization of generator is chosen for its objective function, with the power balance, generation capacity limits, maximum allowable start and stop times limits and time limits taken into consideration. The unit commitment optimization is constrained minimization problem.

本文主要对火电机组优化组合问题进行了研究，提出了机组优化组合的数学模型，该模型以发电总成本最小为目标函数，同时考虑了功率平衡约束、机组输出功率上、下限约束，机组最大允许启停次数和时间约束等约束条件。

Major content of this work includes five aspects as follows:(1). Oxygen sensitive materials had been prepared by carrier covalence method, and the preparation mechanism of the materials had been investigated by FI-IR, SEM, and the detection experiment of oxygen. Then through the detection of oxygen, the sensitivity and stability had been estimated, and it was studied that the properties of materials would be affected by the various factors.(2). Oxygen sensitive materials had been prepared by carrier covalence-cross linking method, and the preparation mechanism of the materials had been investigated by FI-IR, SEM, and the detection experiment of oxygen. Then through the detection of oxygen and spectrophotometer, the sensitivity and stability had been estimated, and it was studied that the properties of materials would be affected by the various factors.(3). For the detection of gaseous oxygen, the fiber optical sensor on basis of oxygen sensitive materials had a respond time of 10s, detection limit of 5ppmand detection precision of 0.5%. The sensor had good repeatability and stability, a less delay and at least 1 year life-span.

本论文主要包括以下五个方面的内容：(1)载体共价法制备氧敏感材料：通过红外光谱、扫描电镜图谱和氧测试实验探讨该氧敏感材料的制备机理，通过氧测试实验评价该氧敏感材料的氧敏感性和稳定性，同时研究了各种因素对该氧敏感材料性能的影响(2)载体共价—交联法制备氧敏感材料：通过红外光谱、扫描电镜图谱和氧测试实验探讨该氧敏感材料的制备机理，通过氧测试实验和分光光度计评价该氧敏感材料的氧敏感性和稳定性，同时研究了各种因素对该氧敏感材料性能的影响(3)氧敏感材料在光纤气态氧传感器中的应用：该传感器的响应时间为10s，检测下限为5ppm，检测精度为0.5％，具有较好的重复性和稳定性，迟滞较小，使用寿命至少为1年，适合各种环境下气态氧浓度的检测。

Considering minimization of total wire length as the objective, it allows virtual blocks to transform into rectilinear shapes without overlaps and selects the optimum shapes for virtual blocks. It is based on the dead space block assignment and pin allocation during the process of packing.

该算法以线长最小化为目标，通过在位置优化过程中对虚拟模块进行无重叠的直角多边形变形来实现虚拟模块的形状优化，形状优化过程是基于模块填装过程中的空白区分配算法和引脚分配算法，并以降低线网在半周长模式下的线长下限为其主要理论依据。

Recall that there is no limit to how far manpower can drop, so if you use up the boost on anything other than the already existing army, upon demobilization you will most likely have a large negative manpower.

记住人力资源的减少是没有下限的，所以如果你在增添新的部队上用完了临时增长的人力资源，当结束动员时，你很可能会获得一个负很多的人力资源。

The number of test cases that can be derived from a set of identified Causes has upper and lower limits.

测试用例的数目由一组具有上下限的指定原因确定。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。