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The effect of Profenofos on GPx activities and on the co ntents of GSH and CAR in Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Platymonas helgolan dica were studied. The results indicate that the GPx activities of two species of microalgae declined, and the contents of glutathione and carotinoid of algal c ells decreased under high concentration of Profenofos.

摘 要 实验以三角褐指藻和青岛大扁藻为材料，进行了丙溴磷农药对海洋微藻的抗氧化防御系统成份— GPx 活性和GSH、CAR含量的影响研究，结果表明，在丙溴磷胁迫下，微藻的GPx活性呈现下降趋势，GSH和CAR含量也表现为下降趋势，并且胁迫的时间越长、胁迫的强度越大它们下降的幅度也越大。

The effect of tribology factors on bearing vibration is studied experimentally. AR model and WPT are used to processing the normal arid abnormal signals. The results are as follows:1. The vibration of ball bearings is caused by the tribology action of contact pairs of ball and ring races and has the essential of tribo-dynamics. Any factors affecting the tribology characteristics of contact pairs will affect vibration and noise of bearings consequently.2. Vibration characteristics of bearing keep almostly unchanged with the increasing of axial load expecting the increasing of nature frequencies. When radial load increasing with axial load unchanged, nature frequencies keep unchanged but some new vibration peaks appears in the spectrum.3. Vibration amplitudes are damped and nature frequency are enhanced with sufficient lubrication. Vibration and noise of bearings increase obviously and roar can happen and the contact surfaces scratch slightly under insufficient and unclean lubrication state. Bearing will be disabled in a few minutes without any lubrication.4. Bearing vibration is unstable under low speed. With the speed increasing, the vibration become stable and natural frequencies increase slightly but the amplitudes increase apparently.5. Bearing vibration can be excited only by some harmonics ofwaviness without lubrication and by all harmonics with lubrication based on the theoretical analysis.6. The nature frequencies of ball bearings decrease with the increasing sizes. When international clearance increasing, nature frequencies decrease in radial and increase in axial and angular and the amplitudes increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular. When the number of balls increasing, nature frequencies increase and amplitudes decrease. When the pitch diameter increasing, axial nature frequency increase and others nearly keep no change. When outer race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular and amplitudes keep no change in radial and increase in axial and angular. When inner race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies decrease and amplitudes increase.7. The distortion in amplitude and frequency components of bearing vibration signals picked up by the present probe measurement method is founded and right conclusions cannot be achieved by the signals. When accelerometer is rigidly screwed with steel stud onto a flat outer surface of a ball bearing, vibration signal can be got without distortion and the reliability of research on bearing vibration is assured.8. AR model is suitable for large samples of bearing vibration signals, square root of length of samples can be used as the upper limitation of order determination and the FPE order selection criterion is effective. Many advantages of AR spectrum are founded over the classical based on FFT.9. Time-Frequency analysis is necessary for abnormal noise of ball bearings. WPT overcomes the principle shortcomings of STFT and proved to be a best tool to process the abnormal signals.

理论分析和试验研究表明： 1球轴承振动是钢球—滚道接触副中的各种摩擦学作用引起的，具有摩擦动力学的本质，任何对接触副的摩擦学特性有影响的因素都将对球轴承的振动和噪声特性产生影响； 2中心轴向载荷作用下，载荷增大使球轴承的固有振动频率升高，载荷越大同样的载荷增幅引起的频率升幅减小，足够大的中心轴向载荷作用下载荷的变化对球轴承振动的频率特性不会产生明显的影响； 3轴向和径向联合载荷作用下，径向载荷不大时球轴承振动的固有频率基本不变，但是可能引起变刚度激励的非线性振动，出现新的频峰，过大的径向载荷将使部分钢球脱离接触，使球轴承的振动和噪声呈现不稳定状态； 4润滑对球轴承的振动和噪声特性有重要的影响，良好的润滑对振动有明显的抑制作用，润滑不充分时，振动和噪声的水平会有明显增高，一定条件下还会激发接触副中的谐振，发出啸声，造成接触表面的伤害，无润滑干接触时，短时的运转就会损伤接触副表面，使振动和噪声迅速增大，并随时可能引发严重的磨损和卡滞失效；接触副润滑良好时，油膜的"刚化效应"使球轴承振动的固有频率有所提高，润滑剂中含有弥散性污浊时，振动的幅度总体升高，但弥散性污浊不会改变球轴承振动的频率特性；浙江大学博士学位论文：球轴承振动的研究 5低速时，球轴承振动的基本特征呈现不稳定状态，随着转速的提高，球轴承振动的频率特性趋于稳定，固有频率频峰升高； 6理论分析表明，干接触时钢球和滚道表面波纹度的某些谐波分量能激励球轴承的振动，振动的幅值与谐波幅值成正比，实际球轴承中钢球的分布不可能完全均匀，波纹度的激励作用会随时发生；润滑接触的分析表明，波纹度的任意谐波分量均能激励球轴承的振动； 7球轴承的几何和结构参数分析表明，球轴承尺寸越大，径向、轴向和角振动的固有频率越低；钢球中心圆直径增大，球轴承的径向和轴向振动的固有频率基本不变，角振动的固有频率有所上升，振动的幅频特性基本不变；径向游隙加大使球轴承的径向振动固有频率降低，轴向和角振动的固有频率有所升高，径向振动幅频特性的幅值升高，而轴向和角向降低；钢球的数量增多使球轴承振动的固有频率上升，幅频特性的幅值下降，径向振动的幅值下降最为明显；外圈沟曲率半径系数增大使球轴承径向振动的固有频率升高，轴向和角振动的固有频率降低，径向幅频特性基本不变，轴向和角向幅频特性幅值升高；内圈沟曲率半径系数增大使径向、轴向和角振动固有频率均下降，振动幅频特性的幅值均有升高； 8试验对比表明，传感器采用探针式安装时，由于探针接触副接触特性的影响，钡(量得到的球轴承振动信号有失真，采用专门设计和制作的试验球轴承，以固定式安装加速度计，首次测量得到了球轴承振动的真实信号，通过对振动信号的分析，验证了球轴承振动的理论模型； 9)基于时间序列分析的AR模型适用于大样本球轴承振动信号的分析，以样本长度的均方根值作定阶上界，FPE做判阶准则，给出的AR谱光滑，频率分辨率高，是球轴承振动分析的简便而可靠的手段； 10以时频域分析的小波包变换分析球轴承异音信号能够比较好地定位和聚焦异音发生的时间，时间间隔，频率范围，同样是球轴承振动分析的可靠的手段，可用作球轴承故障诊断技术。

This chapter investigates global convergence properties of the conjugate descent method with the two Armijo-type line searches.

进而证明了这两种Armijo型线搜索可保证共轭下降法的下降搜索方向的充分下降性。

In the redispersable powders, WACER powder is excellent. When fine percentage of redispersable emulsoid powder is 1, toughness, adhesive performance of mortar have improved.(3) When MC was mixed into mortar, water-retentive performance, toughness, adhesive performance of mortar have improved and 28d dry shrinkage of mortar has reduced.(4) When AEA was mixed into mortar, dry shrinkage of mortar reduced and infiltration resistance has improved.(5) When cement-to-sand ratio is 1:2.5 , toughness of mortar is perfect.

2WACKER的VAE和551Z两种乳胶粉的效果较好，最佳质量掺量均为1%，对砂浆的和易性、韧性、粘结性能均有较大改善；(3)在干拌砂浆中加入MC保水剂后，砂浆的保水性提高，韧性得到改善，粘结性能也得到了增强，砂浆的28d干缩值也有所下降；(4)砂浆中加入AEA膨胀剂后，砂浆的干缩下降，抗渗性也有一定提高；(5)灰砂比为1：2.5是较为理想的，砂浆的和易性较好，韧性较好；(6)砂浆中加入掺合料可以使砂浆的韧性得到提高，但是会使砂浆的粘结性能下降。

The company also sold 3,312 Highlander Hybrids (down 12 per cent), 1,746 Lexus RX400h units (down 13 per cent) and 181 GS 450h units (down 38 per cent).

另外公司还销售了3312辆Highlander混合动力车（同比下降12%），1746辆雷克萨斯RX400h（下降13%）和181辆GS 450h（下降38%）。

The effect of hemi-cellulose content on fiber horrification and paper performance in recycling is studied concerning soda-AQ reed pulp, SP reed pulp and KP soft wood pulp.

研究了烧碱蒽醌法苇浆、碱性亚钠法苇浆、KP法针叶木浆在回用过程中纤维保水值、纤维聚戊糖含量以及成纸性能的变化，结果表明纸浆在回用中打浆前后聚戊糖含量稍有下降，而保水值增加；随着回用次数的增加，聚戊糖含量变化不大，但保水值却大幅度下降；成纸性能在回用中逐渐下降，而光学性能则向良好的方向发展。

The first part is the author"s special viewpoint about the thinking ability, such as the meaning, the essence, the classification and the operating process. The second part describes the relations between developing thinking ability and the urgent needs of country, society and individual development from five aspects. The third part is about the connection and differences of thinking ability, intelligence, ability, creativity and the constructivism theory. The forth part analyses the teachers" nine injudicious actions that will influence the students" thinking ability. The fifth part discusses the students" seven bad learning behaviors that will cause the degradation of thinking ability. The sixth part is about the unsuitable policies or actions adopted by school, society or family that will cause the degradation of the students" thinking ability. The seventh part discusses the countermeasures that can maintain and develop the students" thinking ability. The eighth part brings forward twelve countermeasures that can exercise the student"s thinking ability in chemistry teaching. The last part gives a brief account of the task.The author expects that this article can enhance the coteries" attention to the students thinking ability.

本文共分九个部分，第一部分对思考力的含义及其本质、分类和运行过程提出了作者的观点；第二部分从五个方面阐述培养思考力与国家、社会、个人发展的迫切需要之间的关系；第三部分简要叙述了思考力、智力、能力、创造力与建构主义理论之间的联系和区别；第四部分分析了教师的九种不当行为对学生思考力水平的影响；第五部分分析了学生的七种不良学习行为导致思考力下降的因素；第六部分叙述了学校、社会和家庭的不当政策或行为导致学生思考力水平下降的原因；第七部分着重从八个方面阐述了保持和发展学生思考力的对策；第八部分提出了在化学教学中训练学生思考力的十二种对策；最后在结束语中对本课题主要观点进行了概述，以期望引起教育界同仁对学生思考力培养的重视。

In the third stage, the column-shaped ice crystals grew mainly in its length and the ice crystals had the acerose shape gradually, and the growth rate of frost thickness increased rapidly to 3-5.8 times that in the second stage. It is found that the performance degradation of the ASHP unit was caused by the wall temperature drop of the evaporator, the rapid increase in the frost thickness, and the decrease in the air flow rate.18Refs.

对实验结果的分析表明，热泵机组性能恶化主要是由于蒸发器表面温度下降、霜晶形态变化引起霜层厚度快速增长及空气流动阻力增加导致风机流量下降三个因素之间形成的恶性循环所致，其中换热器表面温度下降引起的霜晶形态变化起到了至关重要的作用。

The study on the photoinhibiton of Pistachio shows: the exposure of Pistacia vera seedlings to high irradiance induced lowering of apparent quantum yield , maximal fluorescence , minimal fluorescence , variable fluorescence , photochemical efficiency of PS Ⅱ, and photochemical quenching , but raising the Non-photochemical quenching , this indicates that high irradiance reduces the quantities of oxidized Q〓, which depresses the ability of electron transport from Q〓 to Q〓, and lowers the electron transport rate and the photosynthesis rate.

对&光抑制&研究表明，强光照射后，叶片表观量子效率、最大荧光、初始荧光、可变荧光、光化学效率、和光化学猝灭系数下降，而qN升高，说明强光处理降低了Q〓的氧化态数量，使Q〓→Q〓传递电子的能力下降，进而导致了电子传递速率和光合速率的下降。

ST depression in transmural ischaemia was generated with ST elevation and was an integral part of the current source.

利用心肌的双域模型计算机模拟了不同区域心肌透壁缺血时ST 段位移在心脏表面的分布，发现心脏表面ST 段位移的分布式样和缺血区域大小有关，一个小面积的透壁缺血在缺血区上出现均匀分布的ST 段上升，而在心脏表面的其他部位上几乎没有出现ST 段下降；一个大面积的缺血像左降支或左旋支区域的缺血， ST 段位移在心脏表面的左侧区出现了一个偶极子式的分布，在缺血区为ST 段上升，在正常区为ST 段下降，并且其幅度随远离缺血边界而减小；同时发现透壁缺血时的ST 段下降是缺血电流源的不可分割的一部分。

What would he tell Judith and the children?

他将怎样告诉朱迪丝和孩子们呢？

I this is at that time, the opinion with peacockish true girl is full of in a heart.

这就是当时的我，一个心中布满虚荣的女孩子真实的想法。