下降

This paper has studied the physiological and biochemical changes during the period of forming strong buds of tree peony, and expect to provide academic basis for extending its view value and economic benefit . The main results are as the following:1 Under the field condition, Characteristics of photosynthesis of tree peony are very regular. From before blooming to the prophase of abducting buds that after blooming ,that is April,May and June,the net photosynthetic rate of tree peony is higher than the other period .It indicates that this period is very important for accumulating photosynthetic products of tree peony . So, if we want to get quality flower of tree peony ,it is very important to strengthen the management of tree peony cultivation and to ensure provide the fertilizer and water.2 From the middle ten days of June, with the time elapsing and with the environment conditions worsening, the characteristics of photosynthesis of tree peony decline deeply. But it is different among different tree peony breeds. For example , cv. Wu Long Peng Sheng can also has higher net photosynthetic rate, it indicates that cv. Wu Long Peng Sheng is super than the other two tree peony breeds when adapting the environment conditions and cv. Wu Long Peng Sheng has wide prospect to extend .3 The main factors of effecting the characteristics of photosynthesis are stomatal factor and non-stomatal factor ,that is the ability of photosynthesis of leaf cells. Under the environment of high light intensity in midsummer, if overshadow tree peony properly, then it can slow the declining of chlorophyll content, and increase the net photosynthetic rate and benefit for the accumulating of photosynthetic products.4 The content of soluble sugar in the root of tree peony is the highest among different organs during the period of forming strong buds . According to analyse ,we believe that the soluble sugar will compose starch then, and provide the solid base of material for the growth and development next year. It provide us strong academic basis of adopting the method of cultivating root and protecting root under thefield environment conditions .In other words ,it will help to increase the health level of the whole plant of tree peony and will be beneficial to forming quality tree peony flower if we strengthen the management of root. 5 To tree peony, the endogenesis hormone is important for its growth and development .In the prophase ,that is about the blooming of tree peony and the mid-summer ,IAA and ZR contents are higher and GA content is lower and its changes are very little, and the content of ABA is decreasing . This indicates that IAA and ZR act the important promote function for growth and development of tree peony in this period, and the function of GA is not important. Bur in the period of anniversary senescence of tree peony , the content of IAA and ZR begin to decrease ,while the ABA content has a certain rebound .T

本研究对几个牡丹品种壮芽形成过程中的某些生理生化变化做了研究，以期了解牡丹生长发育过程中生理生化的变化规律，探讨大田栽培条件下提高牡丹花质量的栽培措施和管理技术，为提高牡丹的观赏价值和经济效益提供理论依据，结果如下：1 大田栽培条件下，牡丹光合特性在生长发育过程中表现出极强的规律性，牡丹各品种的光合速率从牡丹开花前，到牡丹花谢后的花芽诱导期前期（6月10日之前），也就是在4、5、6月份，各牡丹品种的净光合速率相对与其他时间都维持在比较高的水平，这说明，在这段时间，是牡丹光合产物积累的重要时期，因此，要保证得到高质量的牡丹花，在这段时间加强对牡丹的栽培管理，保证这个时期的肥水供应十分重要。2 从6月中旬后，随时间的推移，环境条件的恶化，牡丹的光合性能剧烈下降，但是不同牡丹品种间仍有差异，比如，乌龙捧盛仍可维持较高的光合水平，这说明了乌龙捧盛这个牡丹品种对于环境的适应性较之其他牡丹品种高，有着广泛的推广前景。3 影响牡丹光合性能的主要因子是气孔因素和非气孔因素即叶肉细胞的光合能力，在盛夏高温高光强的环境条件下，对牡丹进行适当遮荫，能缓解牡丹叶绿素水平的下降，适当提高Pn，有利于光合产物的积累。4 可溶性糖在牡丹各品种的壮芽形成过程中，根中可溶性糖的含量在牡丹各部位中始终维持最高水平，分析认为这些可溶性糖在根系中进一步合成淀粉等储藏性物质，为来年牡丹的生长提供雄厚的物质基础，这为我们在大田栽培条件下对牡丹采取养根护根的栽培措施提供了有力的理论依据，即在大田栽培条件下，加强对牡丹根系的管理，有助于提高牡丹整株的健壮程度，有益于形成高质量的牡丹花。5内源激素对牡丹的生长发育调节作用是十分明显的，在前期，即开花前后和盛夏，IAA和ZR含量维持在比较高的水平，GA含量低且变化不明显，ABA含量逐渐降低，说明了IAA和ZR对牡丹在这段时间内的生长发育起到重要的促进作用，GA的作用不是很明显，ABA可能在高温高光强下有明显的升高，也说明了ABA的确有一些促进作用，但是到了牡丹周年衰老期，IAA和ZR的含量开始下降，ABA含量却有了一定程度的反弹，说明了IAA和ZR的作用开始降低，ABA起到了促进衰老的作用

Thus the pulse parameters were determined based on examination of the microstructure, grain size, hardness and tensile strength of the deposits obtained at different average current densities with constant pulse-on time (ton =2 ms) and pulse-off time (toff= 45 ms).

结果表明，在恒定脉冲模式下(脉冲导通时间2ms，脉冲断开时间45ms)，镀层晶粒尺寸随电流密度的上升而明显下降，硬度与强度则显著上升，当电流密度超过8A/dm2时，抗拉强度开始急剧下降而硬度保持6kN/mm2的高位基本不变，当超过12A/dm2时，硬度也开始下降。

When chinese wampee seeds were naturally desiccated, the content of soluble sugar in seeds increased, and the content of starch in seeds decreased. In the meantime, the activities of phosphorylase and isocitrate lyase in seeds, and of α-and β-amylase in embryonic axes enhanced initially, and then fell.

自然脱水时，黄皮种子中可溶性糖的含量增加，淀粉含量下降；磷酸化酶，异柠檬酸裂解酶以及胚轴中α-和β-淀粉酶的活性先增加然后下降：子叶中α-和β-淀粉酶的活性呈下降趋势。

In the third stage, the column-shaped ice crystals grew mainly in its length and the ice crystals had the acerose shape gradually, and the growth rate of frost thickness increased rapidly to 3-5.8 times that in the second stage. It is found that the performance degradation of the ASHP unit was caused by the wall temperature drop of the evaporator, the rapid increase in the frost thickness, and the decrease in the air flow rate.18Refs.

对实验结果的分析表明，热泵机组性能恶化主要是由于蒸发器表面温度下降、霜晶形态变化引起霜层厚度快速增长及空气流动阻力增加导致风机流量下降三个因素之间形成的恶性循环所致，其中换热器表面温度下降引起的霜晶形态变化起到了至关重要的作用。

The NO content and the NOS activity were down in the PIH pregnant women placenta.This showed that the ghrelin regulated the VEGF and influenced the the NO down.And the placenta angiospasm,blood pressure highten, and the PIH were caused also by this. The ghrelin,VEGF,Flt-1,NO and NOS were detected by the SP-immunochemistry, RQ-PCR,cell culture in vitro,ASODN and nitrate reductase in the normal pregnancy,PIH placenta and the cultured HUVEC antisense blocking ghrelin in vitro.

结果证实：PIH孕妇胎盘组织中Ghrelin，VEGF、Flt-1蛋白和mRNA水平下降与正常孕妇比较有显著性差异p＜0.05提示在PIH发病过程中Ghrelin可能对VEGF，Flt-1蛋白和mRNA的表达具有下调作用，进而影响胎盘血管网的形成和发育；NO含量与NOS活力水平在PIH孕妇胎盘组织中下降，提示Ghrelin可能通过下调VEGF的表达进一步影响血管舒张因子NO水平下降，进而引起胎盘血管痉挛，血压升高，最终导致PIH的发生。

Results Compared with control areas,density of An anthropophagous deˉcreased by57.85%～100%and An sinensis decreased by27.06%～86.05%;the malaria incidence decreased by27.32%～100%.Cost calculation:the cost was0.59Yuan per person with deltamethrin bednet impregnation and1.17Yuan with deltamethrin impregnated bednets and alphamethrin residual spraying.

结果 实验区与对照区相比，嗜人按蚊密度下降57.85%～100%，中华按蚊密度下降27.06%～86.05%；疟疾发病下降27.32%～100%；以人均花费进行成本核算，溴氰菊酯浸帐灭蚊的费用为0.59元/人，溴氰菊酯浸帐加人群活动场所氯氰菊酯滞留喷洒灭蚊的费用为1.17元/人。

The result showed that the activity of photoreduction,photophosphorylation and SOD in chloroplasts increased when reactionmedium added calcium with concentration of 0.04mmol/L,lessened theaccumination of free radical and the destruction of membrane system,which manifested the indirectly antiacid function.

酸雨胁迫降低龙眼的坐果率，并且坐果率随酸雨pH的下降而下降，同时使单果重、TSS、固酸比和糖酸比下降。pH3.5处理的K+、Ca2+、Mg2+和可溶性糖的渗出量与对照差异达极显著水平，说明已对果实品质造成影响。

The results suggest,(1) With the increase of methanol density,the foaming height and the antifoaming time all drop.(2) With the increase of methanol density and treatment time,the desulphurization efficiency of MDEA solutions drops when the solutions were refluxed at hermetic constant temperature(115～120℃)...

研究结果表明，随甲醇浓度的增大，MDEA溶液的起泡高度下降、消泡时间减少；在115~120℃下密闭恒温处理时，随甲醇浓度的增大及处理时间的延长，MDEA溶液的脱硫效率下降，含1%甲醇的MDEA溶液密闭恒温24h时MDEA脱硫效率下降达0.35%。

In addition, the recent evidence showed that nestin could be expressed in reactive astroglia, myoblast and some kinds of tumor cells, suggesting that nestin may have more extensive biological meanings.

SVZ背外侧角和外侧壁的BrdU阳性细胞数和BrdU标记率均随增龄而显著下降，齿状回颗粒下层的BrdU阳性细胞数亦随增龄而显著下降，提示脑衰老可能与神经前体细胞的增殖代偿能力下降有关。

This paper analyzes the trends and variations of cross-section profile parameters in lower Yellow River with the methods of time series analysis. The analysis results show that since 1950s, cross-section profile parameters in lower Yellow River have change with trend, especially after 1990s, the bankfull discharge and bankfull area all show decreasing trends at all the four stations. The bankfull width at Huayankou, Gaocun and Lijin station and the average depth at Huayuankou and Aishan station and the maximal depth at Gaocun station show decreasing trends while the bankfull water level at Gaocun and Aishan station and width-depth ratio at Aishan station show increasing trends.

本文采用时间序列分析的方法对黄河下游河道断面形态参数变化趋势及其变异点进行了分析，分析结果表明从20世纪50年代以来，断面形态参数发生了趋势性变化，特别是90年代以来各站平滩流量和平滩面积均有显著的下降趋势，花园口站、高村站和利津站平滩河宽出现了显著下降趋势，花园口站、艾山站平均水深显著下降，高村站和艾山站的平滩水位显著抬高，艾山站的宽深比也有显著增大的趋势。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。