下部结构

In the combined treatment of the craniopharyngiomas, it is very important to prevent the irradiation injury of the surrounding structures such as the optic nerve, chiasm, hypothalamus and vascular structures. In those structures, the optic nerve and chiasm are the most sensitive ones to the irradiation, and their ability to bear the irradiation is about 9 to 12 Gy. So if the irradiation dose is lower than 9Gy, the treatment will be safe. We have not found any report about the bearability and side effect of the hypothalamus related to the gamma knife radiosurgery.

在治疗过程中，预防病变周围的重要结构如视神经，视交叉，丘脑下部和血管结构的放射性副损伤是非常重要的，在这些重要结构中，视神经和视交叉对放射线最为敏感，其耐受能力约为9～ 12 Gy，因此如果对这些结构的放射剂量在9Gy以下，治疗将是安全的，目前尚无有关丘脑下部的耐受剂量和放射性损伤的文献报道。

Transfers the bottom type resistance furnace structure outer covering becomes by the steel plate and the section welding, the furnace body welds the system full circle densely by the steel plate, lower part the spatial installment has the turntable support, the kingbolt, on the furnace body foot ledgerwall the installment has the velocity modulation electrical machinery and the transmission gearbox, through the umbrella type gear and the main axle connection, transfers the bottom type resistance furnace's stove village material to use fan-shaped ultra light quality high strength 0.6g/cm3 to conserveenergy the fireproof heat preservation brick, the heat insulating layer uses the aluminum silicate textile fiber felt and the inflation heat preservation powder, the resistance silk thread becomes spiral-shaped, installs according to the average temperature rule in the resistance wire trough, the basealso arranges the resistance wire in the special-purpose trough, in such stove the temperature is even, the work piece and the turntable cannot bump with the resistance wire, resistance wireThe service life is long, is not easy to damage.

转底式电阻炉结构外壳由钢板和型钢焊接而成，炉体由钢板密焊制成圆型，下部空间安装有转盘支撑，旋转主轴，炉体最下部底板上安装有调速电机和变速器，通过伞型齿轮与主轴连接，转底式电阻炉的炉村材料采用扇形超轻质高强度0.6g/cm3节能耐火保温砖，保温层采用硅酸铝纤维毡和膨胀保温粉，电阻丝线成螺旋状，按均温规律安装在电阻丝槽内，底部也布置电阻丝在专用槽内，这样炉内温度均匀，工件及转盘不会与电阻丝相碰，电阻丝使用寿命长，不易损坏。

Transfers the bottom type resistance furnace structure outer covering becomes by the steel plate and the section welding, the furnace body welds the system full circle densely by the steel plate, lower part the spatial installment has the turntable support, the kingbolt, on the furnace body foot ledger wall the installment has the velocity modulation electrical machinery and the transmission gearbox, through the umbrella type gear and the main axle connection, transfers the bottom type resistance furnace's stove village material to use fan-shaped ultra light quality high strength 0.6g/cm3 to conserve energy the fireproof heat preservation brick, the heat insulating layer uses the aluminum silicate textile fiber felt and the inflation heat preservation powder, the resistance silk thread becomes spiral-shaped, installs according to the average temperature rule in the resistance wire trough, the base also arranges the resistance wire in the special-purpose trough, in such stove the temperature is even, the work piece and the turntable cannot bump with the resistance wire, resistance wireThe service life is long, is not easy to damage.

转底式电阻炉结构外壳由钢板和型钢焊接而成，炉体由钢板密焊制成圆型，下部空间安装有转盘支撑，旋转主轴，炉体最下部底板上安装有调速电机和变速器，通过伞型齿轮与主轴连接，转底式电阻炉的炉村材料采用扇形超轻质高强度0.6g/cm3节能耐火保温砖，保温层采用硅酸铝纤维毡和膨胀保温粉，电阻丝线成螺旋状，按均温规律安装在电阻丝槽内，底部也布置电阻丝在专用槽内，这样炉内温度均匀，工件及转盘不会与电阻丝相碰，电阻丝使用寿命长，不易损坏。

The wind tunnel experiment,project argument,structure calculation analysis, calculation of the joint bearing capacity, calculation and experiment of the support-joint load carrying capacity of a super-span stretched stereoscopic steel pipe trussing are introduced- A normal usage period of the project after it had been built indicates that the major trussing and the supporting structure below have enough bearing capacity and deformability, and meet the demands of design code and actual usage.

摘要］介绍了某超大跨度伸臂立体管桁架结构的风洞试验、方案论证、结构计算分析、节点承载力验算、支座节点承载力验算和试验等。该结构建成后一段时期的正常使用表明，工程的主体桁架和下部承力结构具备较强的承载变形能力和可靠的安全度，满足设计规范和实际使用要求。

CD8~+ cell is the main T lymphocyte subset in spleen, and B lymphocyte mainly is IgG~+ cell, moreover the amount of these B lymphocytes could exceed CD3~+ T lymphocyte subset after 7 days. CD8~+ cell is the main T lymphocyte subset in tonsil of appendix, and B lymphocyte is IgM~+ cell, and the amount could exceed CD3~+ T lymphocytes after 35 days. After 21 days, B lymphocytes in esophago tonsil are the main IgA~+ cells and the amount exceeds CD3~+ lymphocytes. The amount of CD4~+ lymphocytes is more than CD8+ lymphocytes.4. CD3~+、CD4~+ and CD8~+ T lymphocytes in spleen mainly distribute in periarterial lymphoid sheath. However IgM~+、IgG~+ and IgA~+ cells mainly distribute in ellipsoid periarterial lymphoid sheath and germinal center. T lymphocytes in appendix tonsil mainly distribute in middle and inferior part of mucous and the B lymphocytes mainly in middle and mucous between 4~7 days. Whereafter T, B lymphocytes equably distribute in mucous. CD4~+ cells arrange tightly and mainly occupy the central part in aggregates of T lymphocytes in esophago tonsil and CD8~+ lymphocytes mainly distribute in periphery. Meanwhile B lymphocytes encircle the periphery of aggregates of T lymphocytes. The aggregates of B lymphocytes is mainly the germinal center with lots of IgM~+、IgG~+ and IgA~+ cells. Meanwihle T lymphocytes encircle the periphery of aggregates of B lymphocytes.5. There is an intimate relationship between the development of tissue structure of peripheral immune organs and lymphcytopoiesis. The maturation of tissue structure is stimulated by the immigration of lymphocytes and the mature tissue structure provides place where lymphocytes grow mature and functionate.

脾脏在21日龄时达到稳定，食管扁桃体和盲肠扁桃体均在35日龄时达到稳定；脾脏中T淋巴细胞亚群以CD8~+细胞为主，B淋巴细胞则以IgG~+细胞为主，并在7日龄后数量超过CD3~+T淋巴细胞；盲肠扁桃体中T淋巴细胞亚群以CD8~+细胞为主，B淋巴细胞以IgM~+细胞为主，并在35日龄后数量超过CD3~+T淋巴细胞；21日龄后，食管扁桃体中B淋巴细胞以IgA~+细胞为主，数量超过CD3~+细胞，CD4~+细胞的数量多于CD8~+细胞。4、在T、B淋巴细胞组织定位方面，脾脏中CD3~+、CD4~+和CD8~+T淋巴细胞主要分布在动脉周围淋巴鞘中，而IgM~+、IgG~+和IgA~+细胞主要分布在椭球周围淋巴鞘和生发中心中；4～7日龄时，盲肠扁桃体中T淋巴细胞主要分布在粘膜固有层的中下部区域，而B淋巴细胞则主要分布在中上部区域，随后各日龄T、B淋巴细胞均匀地分布在粘膜固有层中；在食管扁桃体的T淋巴细胞聚集物中，CD4~+细胞紧密排列，主要占据中央部位，CD8~+细胞主要散布在外周，同时B淋巴细胞又环绕在整个T淋巴细胞聚集物的外周；B淋巴细胞聚集物主要为生发中心，其中存在大量IgM~+、IgG~+和IgA~+细胞，同时T淋巴细胞又环绕在整个B淋巴细胞聚集物的外周。5、外周免疫器官的组织结构发育和淋巴细胞发生之间存在密切的关系，淋巴细胞迁入淋巴器官刺激组织结构的发育成熟，同时成熟的组织结构又为淋巴细胞发育成熟并行使功能活动提供场所。

Because the rotational characteristic of the device has a certain property of time varying and non-stationary, there is still no satisfactory development that can solve some complicated and polygenetic faults diagnosis produced in the practice.

回转支承装置是许多大型工程设备的关键部件，是正在发展使用中的一种新的结构形式，它联结了设备上部旋转结构和下部固定结构，因此，它的工作状态常常制约了整机的工作状态，对它的故障诊断具有重要的实践意义。

Test results are as follows: Ballastless track structures can effectively improve the dynamic action of train loads on subgrade beds, the measured stresses and acceleration rates are far smaller than those measured with ballasted track structures; axle loads have remarkable influence on dynamic stresses of ballastless track subgrades and have some influence on acceleration responses; speeds of either motor car units or freight trains all have limited effect on dynamic embankment responses; after attenuating over 3 meters high embankment, neither dynamic stresses nor acceleration rates are influential to net cushions at the bottom of column-net structure subgrades

结果表明：采用无砟轨道结构可以有效改善列车荷载对路基基床的动力作用，测得的动应力与加速度值均远小于有砟轨道结构测得的值；列车轴重对无砟轨道路基的动应力影响明显，对加速度响应也有一定影响；无论是动车组还是货物列车，其运行速度对路堤部分的动响应影响均有限；动应力与加速度经3 m 高的路堤后衰减，对桩网结构路基下部的网垫层已基本无影响。

The rigidity of concrete structure below the roof、abutment rigidity of arch foot and sunshine radiation are analyzed as factors of temperature action in roof structure. It shows that the rigidity of concrete structure has little effect on temperature action, but the rigidity of arch foot affects temperature action more and is the determinant that assures the arch mechanic behavior .The analysis result also shows sunshine radiation should not be neglected.

本文分析了下部混凝土结构刚度、拱脚支座刚度和日照温差对屋盖结构温度效应的影响，分析表明，下部混凝土结构刚度对其影响不大；温度应力较大杆件受拱脚支座刚度影响较大且拱脚刚度的大小是保证拱结构受力特性的决定因素；日照温差影响不能忽视。

The closed ring confining truss is set along the periphery of the reticulated shell, and the stiffening truss is set in the middle single-layer shell which can take advantage of the architectural shape. These measures resolve the contradiction between overall stability and temperature stress, and also avoid the shell thrust act on the lower concrete structure directly. Besides, these measures simplify the design of the shell bearing and the concrete structure, and the cost of the concrete structure can also be saved.

网壳通过可径向滑动球铰支座与下部混凝土结构连接，网壳周边设置封闭环形约束桁架，中间单层壳体部分利用建筑凸肋造型设置加劲桁架，解决了保证整体稳定和减小温度应力之间的矛盾，同时避免了网壳侧推力直接传递给下部混凝土结构，简化了网壳支座及下部混凝土结构的设计，节约了混凝土结构的造价。

Shell Plating, Fender 船壳板,护弦木 Shell plating to be of welded construction with longitudinal framing in upper and lower range for about 60 % of the ship's length and transverse framing in between.

船壳板为焊接式结构，并且在上部和下部的范围内带有纵向结构(范围约为60%的船长)，并在这些结构布置有横向的构件，同时在船体前部和船体后部布置有横向构件。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。