下肢

Method32cases of spastic palsy in lower extremities were collected for this stu dy,age from 4years to 12years,electrical stimu-lation or microtechnique were applied to this protocol,rhizotomy was performed according to different segm ents and different rate,muscular tension were examined after operation.

方法选择32例4～12岁下肢痉挛性脑瘫儿童，应用电刺激及显微技术，按不同脊神经节段，不同比率选择性切除脊神经后根，观察术后肌张力缓解情况。结果25例儿童术后双下肢痉挛消失，7例好转，排尿费力者明显改善，无严重并发症及死亡病例，19例随访6个月～4年，未见痉挛再现。

The new PARAPODIUM increased 25.8% dynamic weight bearing than traditional PARAPODIUM.

在动态下肢承重中，新型PARAPODIUM比旧型PARAPODIUM增加25.8％的下肢承重比。

We recorded wave shapes that were different to those describedin previous studies, which may be related to the more localized recording area of theconcentric needle electrode used in this study.

我们应用高频硬膜外电刺激时并未诱发下肢节律性的运动，这可能是因为我们难以给予实验中的麻醉大鼠一定的下肢感觉反馈所致；这提示我们记录清醒大鼠的EMG信号是十分必要的。

High alternative rhizotomy can effectively relieve convulsion of lower limb,decrease muscles of lower limb.

高选择性腰脊神经后根切断术能够有效地解除下肢痉挛，降低下肢肌张力。

In 6 patients with asymmetric lower extremities and feet, symptoms disappeared in 4 cases, and improved in 2. In 4 patients with urinary and fecal incontinence, 2 achieved complete control, and 2 improved. Three patients with talipes equinovarus recovered after orthopaedic treatment, and 2 with incomplete paralysis in lower limbs improved a little.

结果 本组病儿随访疗效良好。6例双下肢及双足不对称中病人中，恢复正常4例，改善2例。4例大小便失禁病人中能自主控制大小便2例，症状略改善2例。3例马蹄内翻足由骨科矫形治疗后均痊愈，2例双下肢轻瘫病人肌力略改善。

Every element of the physical fitness of all students in 2005: 1 There are no significant difference of tallness and weight in different grades of girls and boys. 2 The younger of girls have better flexibility performance; but the boys are opposite. 3 The elder girls and boys have better muscular strength and endurance performance. 4 The elder girls and boys have better leg explosive power performance. 5 The younger girls have better cardiovascular endurance performance; but the boys have no significant difference because of the age.

二、九十三学年度学生各项体适能：1、不同年级女、男生没有身高或体重的差异。2、年纪小似乎比年纪大的女生柔软度为好；男生则反之。3、女生旧生的腹肌肌力与肌耐力皆比新生为好；年纪最小的男生腹肌肌力与肌耐力的最差。4、女生旧生下肢瞬发力较新生的表现为好；年纪较大的男生下肢瞬发力比年纪轻的表现为好。5、年纪较小的女生心肺功能较年纪较大的表现为好；男生则不因年纪而有差别。

The evaluating items included:(1) Balancing apparatus test index such as the total stability index, anterior-posterior direction stability index, left and right direction stability index;(2)Berg measurement for the motor function of lower limbs and PASS measurement for the equilibrium function;(3)Fugl-Meyer measurement for the motor function of lower limbs;(4) Barthel index scales for ability of daily life.

评定内容：（1）平衡仪测试指标包括总体稳定指数、前后方向稳定指数、左右方向稳定指数；（2）用Berg平衡量表和PASS姿势评定量表评估平衡功能；（3）用Fugl-Meyer下肢运动评分量表评估下肢运动功能；（4）用改良Barthel指数评分量表评估日常生活活动能力。

The unoperated sides of the treated animals also served as controls. Six normal rats were treated as normal control group. Three different siRNA plasmid solution containing RC2-Ⅰ, MAFbx-Ⅱ, CON (50μl , 0.8μg/μl)was injected and transfected by electroporation as methods mentioned above, respectively. The changes of RC2 and MAFbx mRNA levels and RC2 protein levels after 3 days were determined by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot, respectively. On postoperative 2, 3 and 4 weeks, the rate of wet muscle weight preservation, mean diameter of muscle fiber and mean cross-section area of muscle fiber and muscle protein content were checked and then compared between group CON and group RC2 or group MAFbx, respectively. The differences between groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Ultrastructural changes of muscle fiber were observed at 2, 3, 4 weeks postoperation.Results GFP plasmid was efficiently deliverd into muscle by electroporation and robust GFP expression in muscle could be observed more than three weeks. Histology shows that injected plasmid DNA diffuses extensively in muscle tissue.

1、健康雌性SD大鼠18只，随机分为电穿孔组和非电穿孔组，每组9只，制作右下肢趾长伸肌失神经支配模型；EP组为将质粒pEGFP-N1溶液50μl(0.8μg／μl)注射入右趾长伸肌后，立即于两侧腱腹交接处给予电穿孔，电穿孔参数为：电场强度为200V／Cm，脉冲100μs，频率1Hz，施加10次脉冲；NEP组仅质粒pEGFP-N1溶液注射；转染后1、2、3周，荧光显微镜下观察趾长伸肌中GFP的表达情况，转染后1周行Western印迹检测趾长伸肌中GFP蛋白的表达情况，检测和优化体内转染效率。2、健康雌性SD大鼠78只，随机分为失神经对照组、RC2基因治疗组(RC2组)，MAFbx基因治疗组，每组24只，制作右下肢趾长伸肌失神经支配模型，余6只为正常组；分别将含CON、RC2、MAFbx基因的siRNA重组质粒注射入趾长伸肌，之后给予电穿孔，方法同上；治疗后3天实时定量PCR和Western印迹检测各组中RC2或MAFbx基因的mRNA和蛋白的表达变化，治疗后2、3、4周检测各组肌湿重维持率、肌细胞直径和肌细胞截面积，肌细胞超微结构变化以及肌纤维中蛋白含量变化。

Objective To evaluated the effect of endovenous laser traeatment for varicosis of great saphenous vein.

下肢静脉曲张是外科常见的一种疾病，主要表现为下肢浅静脉曲张、疼痛及小腿下段营养障碍性病变，包括皮炎、湿疹、色素沉着和溃疡等，严重影响了患者的生活质量。

RESULTS: The skin flaps were survived completely in 50 cases, only 1 case was necrosis partially and healed after changing dressing. Forty-two cases were followed up for 16 months to 9 years (66 months in average), the varicosis and ulcer were healed in 39 cases and only 3 relapsed in ulceration.

结果 51例术后移植皮片全部成活50例，1例移植皮片部分坏死，经换药愈合。42例获得16个月～9年(平均66个月)随访，39例下肢静脉曲张和溃疡未复发，湿疹痊愈，疗效满意；3例溃疡复发，但未见下肢静脉曲张复发。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。