下界的

In this paper, the computation of original likelihood function is transformed into the optimal problem of its low bound through the conjugate representation of the convex function, and a additional parameter is introduced to control the smoothing degree of low bound, and so the performance of local optimal solution can be improved.

我们利用凸泛函的对偶性，将原似然函数的复杂计算问题转化为对其下界函数的优化问题，从而降低学习算法的复杂性；并通过引入一个参数来控制下界函数的光滑程度来改善局部最优解的性能；指出了传统的期望最大化算法(Expectation Maximization Algorithm)是变分学习算法的特殊情况。

Filled with contrariness in the fashion circles, often in such times, we all can not help but be impressed, and even before that arrogant star: Master are in the end, professional level is not an ordinary person than even a feather of the swing frequency off ...... Of course, this story is historical, the total class fashion photographer Guy Bourdin is one of his three wives can not stand him because of the spirit of "abuse", one after another bizarre dead, he has a sudden Fantasy hair wanted to take the golden sunset mermaid nearly covered with sequined models until suffocation, but in the end, this picture has become a classic fashion.

在充斥着乖张的时尚圈，往往就在这种时候，大家都情不自禁地被折服，甚至连以往目中无人的明星都说：到底是大师，专业程度不是一般人能比，连一根羽毛的摆动频率都不放过……当然，这样的故事是有历史的，时尚界泰斗级摄影Guy Bourdin就是其中一位，他的三个老婆由于受不了他的精神"虐待"，相继离奇死去，有一次他突发奇想要拍夕阳下的金色美人鱼，差点让满身亮片的模特等到窒息，但最终，这张照片成为了时尚界的经典。

It is said in the one discourse Sutta that the Buddha had mastered up to the seventh psychic stage i.e. up to the psychic stage belonging to the world of formlessness under the ascetic and the eighth i.e. the fourth psychic stage belonging to the world of formlessness under the ascetic.

这就是说在佛经的一段论述之中（圣求经Ariyapariyesana），佛陀已掌握到第七心理阶段，即在禁欲的之下的无色界的心理阶段而第八即在禁欲的条件下的第四个心理阶段是属于无色界的。

In chapter 2 we obtain existence and joint continuity of the local time foradditive Lévy process under some conditions and discuss the upper bounds andlower bounds for the Holder laws of local times processes,the probability of somerare events ralated to small fluctuation of the sample functions and sojourn times insmall balls.Finally some liminf's results about the local and uniform oscillationsof additive stable process are acquired.

第二章给出了可加Lévy过程的局部时存在和联合连续的条件，讨论了其局部时过程的〓律上界和下界，以及可加Lévy stable过程跟样本函数局部振动相关事件的概率和停留在小球上的逗留时问题，同时对可加Lévy stable过程的样本轨道的局部和一致振动证明了一些liminf型结果。

Firstly, we give a new upper bound of a mixed graph′s largest Laplacian eigenvalue, which is more precise. And also we give a lower bound of a mixed connected graph′s largest Laplacian eigenvalue.

首先给出了混合图的最大Laplace特征值的一个新的上界，并且用实例说明我们的结果与以往结果相比更精确，同时也给出了一个连通混合图的最大Laplace特征值的一个新的下界。

Assuming that there is a plural Z and , with the following iterative calculation : Z = Z2 +, because the value of different , after several iteration number Z after the amplitude may tend to infinity. May also maintained sector, Mandebo Lott who is set to make Z maintained sector pool put on the complex plane make the distribution of images, as demonstrated above in the extremely complex structure.

假设有复数Z和μ，用下式迭代计算：Z=Z2＋μ，由于μ的取值不同，经过若干次数迭代以后Z的幅值可能趋向无穷，也可能保持有界，曼德勃罗特集就是那些使Z保持有界的μ的集合，把μ在复平面上的分布作成图像，就像上面演示的那样具有极其复杂的结构。

Upon his arrival, Bakal started to weaken the uprising angels. He not only ordered to suspend the use of all magic, but also created the evil Warriors of Light with his own strong magic. These magical creatures served as guardians of the Heaven City, now a blockade between Heaven and Arad.

逃向天界的巴卡尔，为了削弱天族的反抗，不仅下了封杀魔法令，还用强大的魔法制造了具有邪恶力量的光之战士，用来守卫天空之城，完全阻断天界和阿拉德大陆的连接。

The region above the heavens He had adorned with Intelligences, the heavenly spheres He had quickened with eternal souls, and the excrementary and filthy parts of the lower world He had filled with a multitude of animals of every kind.

他用神灵装点天界之上的区域；他用永恒的灵魂加速天球的运转；至于恶浊肮脏的下界，他便用形形色色的动物填满。

The region above the heavensHe had adorned with Intelligences, the heavenly spheres He hadquickened with eternal souls, and the excrementary and filthy partsof the lower world He had filled with a multitude of animals ofevery kind.

他用神灵装点天界之上的区域；他用永恒的灵魂加速天球的运转；至于恶浊肮脏的下界，他便用形形色色的动物填满。

Using the independence number and the girth, the upper bound of the Betti deficiency is obtained. A better lower bound on the maximum genus of a graph is obtained and a previous result is improved.

利用图的独立数和围长，得到了一个Betti亏数的上界，进而得到了最大亏格的一个比较好的下界，改进了黄元秋先前的一个结果。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。