下游的

At the same time, combining with the actual condition of delivery pipeline of our country and some prevalent leak detection and location methods, this paper raised a method, which is based on wavelet analysis and negative- pressure-wave to detect and locate the leakage. Jobs in the paper are as follows:As affected by gas density, pressure, specific heat and pipe material, the velocity of negative-pressure-wave improved depending on the energy conservation. At one time, taking the affection of velocity of gas flow, the location formula was modified in some degree.When locating the leaks with location formula, the iterative approach algorithm was adopted as a new method to increase the location accuracy level of system.Multi-scale decomposition and reconstruction of wavelet transform is utilized to filter the noise of negative-pressure-wave, which was brought by leakage. With the capacity to detect the signal singularity fast and accurately, wavelet transform was used to catch the break point of pressure signal. The work improved the accuracy of At in location formula, accordingly improved the location accuracy.Wavelet is a suitable tool for signal analysis. The distinct character is that the mother-wavelet is of optional. That means choosing different mother-wavelet will get different analysis result. So we studied how to choose mother-wavelet and its scale for signal singularity detection. The method is to choose a wavelet by regularities of the wavelet and the signal.Finally, a plan, which bases on SCADA system for inspection and detection of natural gas leakage, is proposed in the article.

其中，主要进行了以下几方面的工作：针对泄漏产生的负压波在管道中的传播速度受媒介的密度、压力、比热及材质等因素的影响，而非声波在空气中传播的速度，本文利用能量守恒原理，对其进行了修正；考虑到管内气体流速对压力波速的影响，对原始的负压波定位公式进行了一定程度的改进，并在利用定位公式进行泄漏点定位时采用逐步迭代逼近算法，提高了系统的定位精度；利用小波变换的多分辨率分解和重构技术，对采集到的管道发生泄漏时产生的负压波信号进行了降噪处理；并利用小波变换技术对信号奇异点的快速、准确的识别能力，对经上述消噪后的负压波信号进行了奇异点捕捉，精确捕捉的结果提高了定位公式中上下游站点采集到的负压波奇异点的时间差△t的精度，从而进一步提高了定位的精度；考虑到小波变换是一种基波可变的信号分析工具，也就是说，不同的小波基波对信号分析的结果将有很大差别，这势必影响最终的处理结果，因此，我们又对比分析了本课题中小波基及尺度的选择问题，依据规则性系数相似性原理对母小波的选择进行了探索性研究；最后，还提出了基于SCADA的泄漏检测与定位系统的软件开发构想及系统的嵌入方案。

This paper analyze and study the influence of the superimposition in depth based on the previous achievements and combined with the theoretical qualitative analysis and project instances. The main contents as follow:Chapter 1: Indicate the significance and objective of this paper, review the previous achievements of the transient process and superimposition, and then present the study purpose of this paper.Chapter 2: combined with the physic knowledge of the fluctuation and the superimposition, Indicate the physical essences and the influence of the superimposition phenomena that exist in the diversion pipe system, and take one hydraulic turbine owning only one diversion tunnel and two hydraulic turbines sharing one tailrace conduit for instance to study out the numerical calculation superimpose operations.Chapter 3: From the calculation theory of the parameter of the guaranty calculation of regulation of the hydro-turbine, qualitative analyze the influence of the superimposition on them and the superpose time, combined with some project instances, get the numerical value of the influence of the superimposition and the superpose time.Chapter 4: Based on the previous achievements of the calculation and theoretical analysis of the surge-chamber ground swell, analyze the influence of the superimposition on it and the superpose time.

本文在前人研究成果的基础上，结合理论定性分析及工程实例，对波动叠加带来的影响进行深入分析研究，其主要内容如下：第1章，指出本文研究的意义和目的，回顾前人对水电站过渡过程及波动叠加方面的有关研究成果，在此基础上提出本文的研究内容；第2章，结合物理学中有关振动与波动叠加方面的有关知识，阐述水电站引水发电系统中存在的波动现象的实质及其影响，并以两机一洞和一机一洞具有上游调压室或下游调压室的水电站拟定其数值计算叠加工况；第3章，从机组调保参数的理论出发，定性的分析波动叠加对机组调保参数的不利影响及叠加时间，结合几个工程实例，得到波动叠加带来的影响大小及叠加时间；第4章，在前人对调压室涌浪进行计算和理论分析的基础上，分析波动叠加对调压室涌浪的影响及其叠加时间。

First chapter is the summary, mainly introduced the project basic survey; Second chapter for the dam site hydrology characteristic, introduced the Hubei -01 key project in the basin specially is nearby the dam site hydrometeorology survey; Third chapter for the key position and the storehouse district terrain geology condition, introduced explained the dam site specially is nearby the dam spool thread terrain geology condition; Fourth chapter for the key position building shaping and the hydrology computation, including determined key position the project rank, the building shaping, adjusts Hong to calculate, blows off the bottom hole cross section size drawing up with initially to draw up the key position scheme of arrangement; Fifth chapter draws up for the size with the dam body arrangement, including the shaping, the Liang section plane determination, the dam body dam base guards against infiltrates the draining water facility the arrangement and the dam body plane arrangement and the stress stable analysis computation; Sixth chapter for the flood discharge design, mainly is the top of dam detailing and the downriver disappears can design; Seventh chapter for blows off the building the design, mainly is to imports the building the detailing strobe arrangement and Kong Shen and the exportation disappears can the design; Eighth chapter pilots the system and the power plant workshop design for the power plant, mainly is directs the system and the power plant workshop design to the power plant; Ninth chapter is ground processing, including ground excavating, the cleaning up, solidifies the grouting, the curtain is in the milk and all that some processing measure.

第一章为综述，主要介绍了工程的基本概况；第二章为坝址水文特性，介绍了鄂-01枢纽工程所在流域特别是坝址附近的水文气象概况；第三章为枢纽及库区地形地质条件，介绍说明了坝址特别是坝轴线附近的地形地质条件；第四章为枢纽建筑物的选型及水文计算，包括确定枢纽的工程等级，建筑物选型，调洪演算，放空底孔断面尺寸的拟定和初步拟定枢纽布置方案；第五章为拱坝尺寸拟定和坝体布置，包括拱坝的选型、拱冠梁剖面的确定、坝体坝基防渗排水设施的布置及坝体的平面布置和应力稳定分析计算；第六章为泄洪的设计，主要是坝顶的细部设计和下游消能设计；第七章为放空建筑物的设计，主要是对进口建筑物的细部设计闸门布置及孔身和出口消能的设计；第八章为电站引水系统及电站厂房设计，主要是对电站引系统和电站厂房的设计；第九章为地基处理，包括地基的开挖，清理，固结灌浆，帷幕灌浆以及其他一些处理措施。

Panel furniture, sofas, furniture, software continued to maintain the previous show strong, gathered in the domestic top export-oriented enterprises and to build a multi-brand system, a well-known large enterprises, their products and unusual taste; and export exhibition consistent positioning of classical furniture scale basis in the last doubled, all-solid wood and solid wood furniture Paper on behalf of the Chinese classical furniture of the highest classical standards; around the metal Furniture Mission to become a strong presence at this show in Shenzhen One highlight of the exhibition, which makes the event in March exports towards the internationalization of the road to a more unique; the size of the first home exhibition饰品overseas buyers has fully met the needs of integrated procurement; indispensable furniture accessories furniture for the whole industry chain and downstream enterprises to build a valuable platform for cooperation.

板式家具，沙发，家具，软件继续保持原来的显示出强劲，在国内主要出口聚集型企业，并建立一个多品牌体系，著名的大型企业，其产品和不寻常的味道；和出口古典家具展览会的规模定位相一致的基础上，在过去翻了一番，全实木，对中国古典的最高标准，代表的古典家具实木家具纸，在金属家具使命，致力成为在这个强大的存在显示深圳的展览之一，这使得在迈向国际化的道路以更独特的3月出口的亮点，第一家饰品展览规模的海外买家，充分满足了综合采购需要；必不可少的家具配件家具整个产业链下游企业建立合作的宝贵机会。

In studying,we have discovered China clear melt product this industry,China washes a miniature melting industry being that Chinese local territory enterprise develops in market competition,The powder multinational corporation enters the Chinese marketplace queen,China redresses from 1980"s to spend 20,local territory is washed spending a brand getting through trials and hardship drifting along several time,As the down-stream enterprise that petroleum estate enchains,fluctuation and transnational gradually spend magnate"s inside and outside converging attack facing prices of raw and semifinished materials,but redress melt,be that one is representative carry out the fleetness consumer goods industry consuming according to the brand,in the main body of a book having analysed tradition economics and new system economics after to making an explanation in connection with problem,the economics angle sets off from the brand,bring the brand into analytical ken of economy,is breakthrough point with the degree choosing cost and the brand category, gaining a profit of having analysed enterprise from a new angle pattern,And have defined the brand practical or immediate significance again.

在研究中，我们发现了中国洗化产品这个行业，洗化行业是中国本土企业在市场竞争中发展的一个缩影，自20世纪80年代末跨国公司进入中国市场后，中国洗化20年，本土洗化品牌历经风雨几番浮沉，作为石油产业链的下游企业，面对原材料价格的波动和跨国日化巨头的内外夹击，而洗化，又是一个典型的依品牌进行消费的快速消费品行业，本文在分析了传统经济学和新制度经济学对有关问题的解释后，从品牌经济学的角度出发，将品牌纳入经济分析的视野，以选择成本和品牌品类度作为突破点，从一个新的角度分析了企业的盈利模式，并重新定义了品牌的现实意义。

A type has 7 point mutations(5 samples). B type has 6 point mutations (3 samples), C type has 4 point mutations (3 samples) and D type has 2 point mutations(1sample). Acid amino alignment shows that the most mutations of gastric cancer are mis-sense mutations, few ones are synonymous mutations. Most of the mutations occurred in regulating domain down to the HMG-box,only 2 sites in HMG-box.The mutations have same sites in middle and late stage samples. The results revealed that SOX4 mutations are associated with gastric cancer,which is possible a late accident in gastric cancer.

通过对相应的氨基酸序列的比对发现，发生在中晚期胃癌中的突变多为错义突变，同义突变不多，且突变大多发生在HMG盒下游编码区，在HMG盒内的突变只有两处，中期胃癌与晚期胃癌的突变有相同之处，但SOX4基因的突变位点随肿瘤的演进有增加的趋势。

Based on the structure, those human diseases related mutation sites are mapped onto the structure accurately. As a result, it is found that these sites are all around the electron transfer prosthetic groups or ubiquinone. And these mutations will alter prosthetic groups' binding or ubiquinone's binding, causing electron leakage from the prosthetic groups in the electron transfer chain, producing reactive oxygen species and leading to tumor formation.

利用线粒体复合物 II 的结构对已知与人类疾病相关的该复合物突变位点进行了精确定位，发现这些突变位点均位于电子传递体或辅酶 Q 结合位点的周围，它们的突变或影响了电子传递体的结合，或影响了辅酶 Q 的结合，从而导致电子传递的中断，电子逃逸到线粒体基质中或线粒体内膜中，经过一系列下游途径导致疾病的产生。

The result showed that the strong storm followed by mesoscale squall line was primary cause of strong sandstorm producing, steps and ladders short wave trough of 500 hPa was great criterion triggering system for the mesoscale squall line producing, the essential dynamic condition was provided by distortion field and the mesoscale low pressure of 700 hPa for the strong sandstorm forming and maintaining in mid-west of Hexi Corridor, the deep vertical circulation development condition was basic power that urged squall line to occur and sand dust to curl up, which was provided for the deep convection development by superimposition of lifting movement before ground cold front and ascendant current of secondary circulation in upper air jet entrance region, temperature and the barometric gradient around the cold front was enlarged by enhancement of ground thermal low and temperature diurnalvariation of afternoon, by which essential thermal energy unstable condition was provided for the gale and strong sandstorm eruption, the strong sandstorm appeared in downstream of -200 m^2s^(-2) center of vertical helicity, the vertical helicity had good instruction significance for development of squall line and landing region of sandstorm, the mesoscale squall line occurred in unstable stratification, basic condition of potential energy transforming as kinetic energy was provided by strong unstable stratification for the strong sandstorm forming and developing.

结果表明：中尺度飑线所伴随的强风暴是产生强沙尘暴的主要原因；500 hPa阶梯短波槽是中尺度飑线产生的大尺度触发系统，河西走廊中西部700 hp变形场、中尺度低压为强沙尘暴形成和维持提供了必要的动力条件；地面冷锋前上升运动与高空急流入口区次级环流的上升气流的叠加，为深对流发展提供了深厚的垂直环流发展条件，是促使飑线发生和沙尘卷起的基本动力；地面热低压的加强和午后气温的日变化加大了冷锋前后的温度和气压梯度，为大风、强沙尘暴爆发提供了必要的热力不稳定条件；强沙尘暴出现在垂直螺旋度为－200平方公尺/s^2中心的下游，垂直螺旋度对飑线的发展和沙尘暴的落区具有较好的指示意义；中尺度飑线发生在不稳定层结内，较强的不稳定层结为强沙尘暴形成、发展提供了位能转化为动能的基本条件。

A method for making Bisphenol A with a purity of more than 99.7% by reacting phenol and acetone using an acid catalyst, separating a BPA-phenol adduct by crystallisation and removing phenol from the adduct, in which involves continuous suspension crystallisation with a total dwell time of more than 4 hours in at least 3 crystallisers, by cooling first to 50-70 C in two parallel crystallisers and then to 40-50 C in a third crystalliser connected in series with the first two.; A method for the production of Bisphenol A with a purity of more than 99.7%, by reacting phenol with acetone in presence of an acid catalyst, separating a BPA-phenol adduct from the product mixture by crystallisation, filtration and washing, and removing the phenol from the adduct, in which stage involves continuous suspension crystallisation in at least three crystallisers connected in such a way that the mixture is first cooled to 50-70 C in two crystallisers in parallel and then cooled to 40-50 C in a third crystalliser in series with the first two, the total residence time of the mixture over all crystallisers being more than 4 hours.

描述用于生产纯度大于99.7％的双酚例如，双酚A(BPA的方法，这种方法包含苯酚和丙酮在有酸性催化剂参与的情况下反应形成一个包含双酚的产物混合物；通过结晶、过滤和洗涤从该产物混合物中以双酚/苯酚复合物的形式除去至少一部分双酚以提供双酚A/苯酚复合物晶体；并且从双酚/苯酚复合物晶体中除去至少一部分的苯酚以提供纯度大于99.7％的双酚；其中结晶过程包括连续的混悬液结晶，并且是在至少三个结晶装置中进行的，装置的排列使得产物混合物首先在结晶过程的第一阶段在第一个结晶装置和并联的第二个结晶装置中被冷却到50至70℃的温度，随后在结晶过程的第二阶段在与第一和第二个结晶装置下游串联的第三个结晶装置中被冷却到40至50℃的温度，并且其中产物混合物在结晶过程中的总驻留时间在4小时以上。

With this, Oerlikon Schlafhorst once again revolutionises the processes of winding technology. Individual package design, maximum flexibility and productivity are performance features of the system that are going to influence the dynamics of the textile market in the future. A pattern-free ackage build, composition of the package properties at the touch of a button on the Informator, flexible format configuration: package engineering as you and your customers want it. You can match the package quality individually and without compromise to the process requirements.

其独一无二的筒子成形，极高的灵活性，至高的产能以及卓越的性能都将引领纺织技术的未来； Preci FX 高度智能，操作简易，用户只需轻触开关，即可轻松调节筒子参数，以满足您的下游客户对筒子规格的不同要求，而且，筒子质量不受络筒方式影响，筒子完全无重叠，且具有优异的特性，从而，实现了筒子质量和产量的双重突破。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。