下游的

PhyA is the photoreceptor of far-red light perception in Arabidopsis and mediates the inhibition of the hypocotyl elongation under FR light. phyA has two domains : the N-terminal photosensory domain with a chromophore-binding site and the C-terminal domain which contains signaling motifs such as a kinase domain.

phyA为阿拉伯芥中远红光的接受体，在远红光中可抑制下胚轴延长，phyA的N端带有一个可感受光讯息的色基，C端含有可传递讯息给下游基因的kinase区域。

However, phosphotyrosine protein and Stat3 are subsequently activa ted through phosphorylation. In scar tissues, although EGFR has an intrinsic ty rosine kinase activity when activated by EGFR correlated ligand, phosphorylation of Stat3 showed no significant changes.

早期不同的配体刺激造成EGFR表达差异，随后导致酪氨酸蛋白磷酸化的不同，在正常的皮肤中Stat3磷酸化继续引起下游信号的表达，而瘢痕组织中Stat3磷酸化与正常情况无显著差别，造成信号不匹配。

The objective of this study was to (1) explore the environmental, cultural, and hydrologic characteristics for sustainable development of San-Bu-Keng Creek watershed in Shangan area, Shuili Township, Nantou County,(2) investigate factors of causing debris flow such as terrain, geology, hydrology, land use,(3) evaluate the implemented watershed conservation and management strategies and suggest necessary improvements, and propose suitable land uses for sustainable development.

三廍坑溪集水区遇强度高、总量大的暴雨常发生土石流灾害，常造成下游上安社区发生屋毁人亡之惨剧。1996年贺伯台风、1999年的921地震造成水里上安地区溪流集水区源头裂缝、土层松动、坡地崩坏，其后2001年的桃芝台风暴雨更在三廍坑溪造成土石流灾害，计有死亡失踪17人，田园流失近百公顷，房屋全倒26户、半倒29户。造成灾害的原因包括陡峭地形、松散地质与台风暴雨等自然因子及滥垦滥伐，占用河道等不当土地利用。

A collecting device of a spinning machine for condensing drawn but untwisted fiber strands has a condensing zone installed just under a pair of front rollers of a drawing device.

在一台纺纱机上集合一根已牵伸尚无捻度的纤维条的装置，它有一个集合区直接位于一牵伸装置的前罗拉对的下游。

By studying factors affecting short-termoptimal dispatching of cascaded hydropower plants, such as water amount, waterhead, water delay, water smoothing effect, and instable flow phenomenon ofdownriver, and analysis of the simulation results, the optimal operation ofcascaded hydropower plants is summarized, to help implement the optimaloperation of the whole system and provide guidance for the real-time operation,increasing the profits of the power plants.

通过研究影响梯级水库短期优化调度的水量联系、水头联系、水流滞时和坦化现象、下游不稳定流现象等，以及对模拟仿真计算结果的分析，归纳总结出梯级电站短期调度运行规律用于指导水库实时运行，以实现整个梯级电站的优化运行，达到增加整个梯级电站发电收益的目的。

Taken together, our data showed that both the CSF-box and the octamer are important for the LPS-induced G-CSF promoter activity, moreover, the activation of MEK/ERK signaling pathway is indispensible for LPS-induced G-CSF expression in RAW264.7 macrophage.. It seems that LPS-induced activation of MEK/ERK pathway does not directly regulates NF-κB transactivity, but is essential for LPS-induced Oct-2 binding to the octmaer within G-CSF promoter and transcription activation of the G-CSF expression.

透过这些结果，我们认为MEK/ERK pathway的确参与LPS活化G-CSF表现的过程，虽然MEK/ERK pathway都影响了CSF-box以及octamer对G-CSF启动子所贡献的活性，但似乎MEK/ERK pathway的下游并非直接影响NF-κB调控基因转录的活性，而主要是影响了Oct-2对G-CSF启动子的调控。

Therefore, it is important to ask whether both Oct-2 and NF-κB participate the MEK/ERK dependent G-CSF expression. G-CSFp-(-289~+25)-Luc, CSF-box-deleted G-CSFp-(-145~+25)-Luc, or octamer-mutated Oct-mut-G-CSFp-(-289~+25)-Luc reporter plasmids were used to investigate the importance of CSF-box and octamer in response to LPS.

在G-CSF的启动子上有两段已被发现对其活性相当重要的序列：CSF-box及octamer，根据过去研究及本实验室未发表的实验结果，此两段序列分别由NF-κB以及Oct-2所结合；於是我们推测MEK/ERK讯息传递路径的下游可能透过NF-κB及Oct-2来调控G-CSF表现。

It can be concluded that, when the jet is injected at positive angles, the initial section of the jet increases and the region affected by the jet decreases in the vertical direction; moreover, the circumfluence toward the jet exit becomes more obvious, and the separation events in the lee of the jet weaken. When the jet is injected at negative injection angles, it disarranges the flow upstream and the curvature of jet trajectories varies smartly along the flow direction.

结果表明：射流正向倾斜入射时，射流起始段增加，在垂直方向对主流场的影响区域减小，射流喷口上游位置处的&孔吸流动&更为明显，射流出口下游背风侧的分离现象逐渐减弱；射流反向倾斜入射，对上游流场的扰动增加，射流在弯曲段内曲率变化大。

Drier, hotter desert climates will be complemented by wetter, stormier mountain weather systems that will send floods roaring downstream, overwhelming dams, spreading over their former alluvial plains, and entombing whatever was built there in annual layers of silt.

干躁和炎热的沙漠气候和潮湿、多雨的山地气候交织在一起，滔滔洪水涌到下游，淹没了水库，一年一年堆积起来的淤泥覆盖了之前的冲击平原，埋葬了建造在那里的一切。

15He was built as a sword fish except for his huge jaws which were tight shut now as he swam fast, just under the surface with his high dorsal fin knifing through the water without wavering.

它长得和剑鱼一般，不同的是，在快速游动时它那巨大的双颚是紧闭的。它在水面下游，高耸的背鳍似刀子般划破水面，一点也不抖动。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。