下游的

However, the growth of the cage aquaculture of Cobia is slow in the past which can be ascribed to the lacking of efficient manufacturer - retailer channel. In addition, the self benefit-based initiation results in a deficiency of cooperation between different members of the supply chain and market access has not established leading to the increase of cost as well as the lowering of profit of supplier. Consumers also cannot obtain the products with a reasonable price.

然而，以往海鲡鱼箱网养殖产业发展一直无法有效突破，影响的因素，不是养殖技术的问题，主要是产销通路的问题，同时现行产销供应链中各层级业者皆以追求自身的利益为出发点，缺乏上、中、下游的合作关系，再加上长期未能建构有效的市场通路造成成本增加，使生产者无法获得应有之利润，消费者亦无法享受到合理的价格。

So far, the cancerogenic mechanism of lung cancer is not well elucidated. Some growth factors and growth factor receptors have been identified to participate in cancerogenic processes, but the downstream pathways regulated by those growth factor receptors are uncleared.

目前已知的癌症发病机理多是生长因子和生长因子的表面受体发生异常所致，因此，进一步阐明受体下游的调控基因对于阐明癌症的发生机理和进一步设计药物靶位点都是十分有意义的。forkhead box P4(FoxP4)就是本文作者在利用生物信息学方法筛选人类心脏发育候选基因的过程中发现的一个人类新基因，目前发现三种转录本。

Sinopec's mostly a downstream refinery business, doing the unglamorous work of turning unprocessed crude oil into fuel, and its options for expansion are limited.

中石化的业务大多是下游的炼油业务，做的是把未加工的原油转化为燃料的毫不出彩的工作，扩张业务的选择有限。

The RhoA oncogene , have been revealed in recent years, are closely related to various malignant tumours. RhoA, belonging to Rho family, is one member of the ras superfamily, whose encoding production, namely RhoA protein, pertaining to micromolecular mass GTP conjugated protein family, in GTP conjunctive active form and GDP conjunctive unreactive form. It exist in the latter form in normal cells and the switch of the two forms enables them to educe functions, paralleling"molecular switch", the diminutive G protein in activated state being able to activate the wink dromo-iter to work functions, which is in the resemblance of process during which the Ras genic mutation induces its continous activations.

RhoA是近年来新发现的与多种恶性肿瘤密切相关的癌基因，RhoA属于Rho亚家族，是ras基因超家族的一员，其编码产物RhoA蛋白属于小分子量GTP结合蛋白族，分为GTP结合的活性型和GDP结合的非活性型两类，在正常细胞内以GDP结合的非活性型存在，两种活性形式之间的转换使他们能够发挥一种类似"分子开关"的作用，活性态的小G蛋白能激活下游的信号传导通路，行使其功能。

The coding device for DVD system and other record systems includes audio and video coder to convert the input audio and video data into audio and video data stream; system coder to convert the audio and video data stream into audio and video data stream of, say, MPEG format; audio and video data stream buffer before the system coder to store audio and video data stream generated during one set period by the audio and video coder; and buffer downstream the system coder with relatively low capacity and capable of performing the record operation of pre-trigger.

提供了在DVD系统等记录系统中使用的编码设备。该编码设备包括分别把输入音频和视频数据转换成音频和视频数据流的音频和视频编码器、把音频和视频数据流转换成例如MPEG格式的音频／视频数据流的系统编码器。还包括系统编码器上游的音频和视频流缓冲器，它们分别存储音频和视频编码器在一段预选的时间内产生的音频和视频数据流，从而使系统编码器下游的缓冲器的容量较小并有效地进行预触发器记录操作。

O PSII supercomplex was formed in the plant grown in iron depletion solution. After treatment with NO, all of the above injuries of plant due to iron deficiency were reverted, such as the increase of active reaction center of PSII, the reconnection of PSII with antenna, the increased electron transport rate, the increased photochemical fluorescence quenching and the reduced non-photochemical fluorescence quenching.

O处理后，植物受到的所有缺铁损伤都得到恢复，有活性的PSII反应中心数量增加，与天线的连接恢复完好，电子传递效率增高，同时叶绿素荧光的光化学淬灭增多，非光化学淬灭降低，表明PSII下游的电子传递体也得到很好的修复。

In the study, the author selects the Argan Region which is typical cases (in the lower reaches of Tarim River) and gathers some materials by means of fieldwork and according to the aeropho...

本文在此基础上，选择塔里木河下游的阿拉干这一典型地区，通过野外考察(1985年5月进行)和不同时期航空相片的判读、量算，针对地表形态的变化和其各种类型的动态分配，来说明该地区的沙漠化过程；并试图运用计量地理学的方法，建立一个多元线性回归方程的数字模型对该地区沙漠化过程的发展进行预测。

In order to recovering the worth of product or reasonable reused, reverse logistic is the process which the enterprise set down a good plan to implement and control, and can make original material, the product in the mill, the end product, the packing material, wastes etc.

逆向物流是为了恢复价值或合理处置的目的，通过有计划的实施和控制，使原材料、在制品、最终产品、包装材料、废弃物等以及相关信息从供应链下游的顾客一端到上游的起始端的有效实际流动的过程。

Our results indicate that the RNA species may be regulated by PKC downstream signals related to the MAP kinase cascade. We observed E1 contains RNA increase in the polysome after induction of U937 differentiation.

我们分别对两者进行研究，发现含有Exon N1的Chk1 transcript可能以直接或间接的方式受p53的抑制；而含有Exon 1的Chk1 transcript的调控机制较不清楚，仅知可能是由PKC下游的讯息传递所调控，且可能和MAP kinase cascade有所关联。

Analysed a kind of specific straight carry model supply chain order goods politic cooperative model, straight carry supplying chain is to point to network of the supplier that is in upper reaches by and the supply that a certain number of downstream straight carry divide the composition that sell business, sale.

分析了一类特定的直运型供应链的订货策略的合作模型，直运型供应链是指由一个处于上游的供应商和若干下游的直运分销商组成的供应、销售网络。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。