下游

In designing the earth rock dam with clay core wall, the exit height of side phreatic line at the downstream of core wall is of great importance to the designers.

在粘土心墙土石坝设计中，心墙下游侧浸润线的逸出高度对设计人员来说是十分重要的，它不仅是计算心墙稳定性的重要因素，也是决定心墙下游反滤层设施高度的重要参数。

In the analysis of static pricing, it is supposed that the manufacturing cost of suppliers and backward enterprises is known, we use the regressively inductive method to find the Nash balanced price in resource orienting industrial chain and product orienting industrial chain.

在静态定价研究中，假设供应厂商和下游企业的生产成本为共同知识，运用逆向归纳法求解资源导向型产业链和产品导向型产业链的子博弈精炼纳什均衡价格，并在纳什均衡点讨论了影响供应厂商和下游企业利益以及产业链整体利益的因素；运用静态博弈求解需求导向型产业链的均衡价格。

The results were acquired by simulation computation, which indicate that water diverted from the Tao River and economic, social, and ecological water demands of the Tao River lower reaches can all be ensured, but sluicing sand water demand can not be satisfied.

在分析九甸峡梯级水库群特点的基础上，以尽可能满足引洮水量、洮河下游生产生活需水，以及下游生态用水为目标，建立了该系统的模拟调度模型，并确定了系统结构和调度原则。

Physiological and xeromorphic responses and adaptation of Populus euphratica Oliv. to artificial water-recharge of the lower reaches of Tarim River in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were investigated.

：选择塔里木河下游3个典型断面的15个研究样地，分析和测定了塔里木河下游2000-2002年生态输水前后不同研究样地的地下水位、地下水含盐量和胡杨Populus euphratica Oliv。

The experiment results show that chocking occurs when downstream pressure decreases below the saturation pressure corresponding to upstream temperature and the mass flow rate of refrigerant becomes almost independent of downstream pressure.

试验结果表明，当节流短管的下游压力小于上游温度所对应的饱和压力时，制冷剂出现壅塞现象，此时制冷剂流量不再受下游压力变化的影响；上游压力、上游过冷度、短管直径对制冷剂流量的影响较大。

The frequent flood and unreasonable land use deteriorate the land use risk problem in the flooded area of the lower reaches of the Weihe River, which cumbers the economy development of this area.

渭河下游洪泛区由于频繁的洪涝灾害和不合理的土地利用方式，使得土地风险问题日益突出，直接制约了渭河流域下游洪泛区的经济发展。

The results showed as:(1)Gegen decreases fasting insulin and insulin resistance index and increases insulin sensitive index of rats of insulin resistance induced by dexamethasone significantly;(2)Gegen can improve glucose tolerance of rats of insulin resistance but not to alloxan indued diabetes mice;(3)Gegen increases glucose intake of 3T3-L1 adipocytes and improves the insulin resistance of 3T3-L1 adipocytes induced by dexamethasone significantly;(4)Gegen can activate peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor gamma, make it bind to PPAR response elements;(5)Gegen can up-regulate mRNA expression of PPAR v ,aP2 and adiponectin.

结果表明：①葛根显著降低地塞米松诱导的胰岛素抵抗大鼠血清胰岛素水平和胰岛素抵抗指数，升高胰岛素敏感指数，改善大鼠的胰岛素抵抗；②葛根显著改善胰岛素抵抗大鼠的糖耐量，但对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠的糖耐量没有明显的作用；③葛根显著增加胰岛素抵抗3T3-L1脂肪细胞对葡萄糖的摄取，改善地塞米松诱导的3T3-L1脂肪细胞的胰岛素抵抗；④葛根能促进HepG2肝癌细胞过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ与靶基因的特异DNA序列结合，对PPARγ及其下游基因的转录具有激活作用；⑤葛根能够促进PPARγ及其下游基因脂肪酸结合蛋白(aP2)、脂联素mRNA的表达。

With development of man-made oases in headstream zone and upper and middle zone of trunk stream zone, the origin water resource system was destroyed. This caused a serial of ecological problem on tobogganing groundwater level, ruining Green Corridor, intensifying land desertification, etc.

源流区和干流上、中游人工绿洲的发展，破坏了原有自然水资源系统，使输往下游的水量不断减少至中断，从而造成塔河干流下游地下水位急剧下降、绿色走廊衰败、土地荒漠化趋势加剧等一系列生态问题。

The final solution will be to set two current blocking piers of 10 m and 18.5 m high respectively at stake 20+151m and 20+300m on the scour-resistant wall and an apron of 200m wide and 50m long starting from the dam toe and close to the cofferdam.

试验结果表明：护坦减轻了下游纵向围堰左侧坝趾处的回流淘刷，隔流墩明显减轻了防冲墙附近河床的冲刷，确保了坝基和下游纵向围堰的安全。

The dike breach risk of the north bank is higher than the south bank in winding reaches.

本文提出黄河下游悬河决溢风险的影响因素应当包含水沙运动、区域地壳稳定性、河势演变和堤防稳定性4个方面，并据此建立了指标体系和基于GIS技术的多层次模糊综合评判模型，对不同洪水情景下黄河下游的决溢风险进行了评价。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。