下游

TPH gene contains a chort of variants, these polymorphisms distribute promoter upstream, intonlB、 1C、7、8and 9, in addition to a microsatellite repeat at 3' downstream.

TPH基因存在多个变异点且具有遗传多态性，这些多态位点分别位于上游启动区、内含子1B区、1C区、内含子7、内含子8及内含子9区，在下游3'区亦有一微卫星重复序列。

It also includs the weather and geographical conditions,condiction of substance and quality about the natural water,traffic routes,economic position, production and spending in fishery and etc.

还包括，大渡河下游及马边河流域的地理气候环境，天然水体水质状况，交通路线，经济状况，渔业生产和消费情况等资料。

Downstream, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan have similar economic interests, yet their relationship is nonetheless conflictive.

位于下游的乌兹别克斯坦和土库曼斯坦尽管有着相似的经济利益，但是两国的关系却矛盾重重。

In addition, a metabolic inhibitor, actinomycin D has no effect on enzymatic activities of caspase-1/ICE-like and caspase-3/CPP-32/like proteases during Fas-mediated CD4〓T cell apoptosis. These results indicate that the appearance of caspase-1/ICE-like and caspase-3/CPP32-1ike proteases activities is a post-translational activation of these proteases. It is likely these caspases constituently express in a inactive form in the cytosol of CD4〓T lymphocytes. Once the rest SEB-responsive CD4〓T cells are restimulted, those inactive caspases such as caspase-1/ICE-like and caspase-3/CPP32-1ike proteases are sequentially cleaved to become active forms, and the apoptotic signal is transducted to downstream signaling molecules, Finally leads to CD4〓T cells apoptosis.

另外，通过代谢抑制剂放线菌素D对超抗原SEB诱导静息SEB应答〓细胞凋亡过程中Caspase成员酶活性变化的研究表明Caspase-1／ICE样，Caspase-3／CPP32样胱氨蛋白酶并非新合成的信号分子，很可能以无活性方式组成性表达于静息SEB应答〓细胞胞浆，在超抗原SEB再次刺激诱导〓细胞凋亡早期，先后顺序活化，借以传递凋亡信号到下游信号分子，诱导〓细胞凋亡。

Thus a power plant may withdraw substantial amounts of water for cooling from a river but use that permits it to be returned directly to the river, perhaps a bit warmer, for use by the next downstream user, A farmer may withdraw the same amount of water for irrigation, but the vast majority of it may be used consumptively by plants and become unavailable for any other activity.

例如，电厂可以从江河里提取大量的水用于冷却，而不是使用，这样就允许水直接返回到江河里，也许水温稍稍有点热，但可供下游的用户使用。农民可能提取相同的水量用于灌溉，但是大部分水被电厂消耗掉，无法用于其它活动。

The cooling effectiveness of effusion cooling in the regions with holes and downstream the last row of holes on hot side is much higher than that of conventionary film cooling with the same operation conditions.

在热侧面上的气膜孔区及其下游区，致密多孔壁的冷却效果都非常好，比同等条件下常规气膜冷却的效果好得多。

Three major clusters of numt sequences ( cyt b numt、 ATP8+ATP6 numt and ND4+ tRNA-His+ tRNA-Ser numt) were particularity amplified and sequenced from 10 species within Galliformes and A.galericalata. Comparison numts sequences with homologous mitochondrial partial genes get the different evolutionary characteristics and evolutionary speed compared to mtDNA, then examine the age of insertion of numts using the sequence divergence of numt from the mtDNA. Finally, joined Coturnix japonica、 Coturnix chinensis、 Lophura leucomelana、 Lophura swinhoii and A.albifrons mitochondrial sequences in GenBank, we study the importance function to phylogenetic research of mitochondrial genes and homologous numts.The evolutionary rate of Numts is lower than their authentic sequences of mtDNA, cyt b and ND4 gene evolve faster than homologous numts 2.5 times; ATP8+ATP6 gene evolve faster than numts 18.9 times in Galliformes. Numts show less codon position bias and transition bias under not phylogenetic pressure.

根据2004年3月GenBank登录的红原鸡核基因组草图与其线粒体基因组比对发现红原鸡核基因组中存在3段较长的线粒体假基因，利用PCR方法扩增鸡形目10种鸟类和雁形目中鸳鸯核基因组中3段numt序列：cyt b numt、ATP8及下游ATP6 numt和ND4+tRNA-His+tRNA-Ser numt，测序后分别比较线粒体基因与核同源numt序列的进化特点和进化速率，确定numt序列插入核基因组的时间，以及结合GenBank已登录的日本鹌鹑、蓝胸鹑、黑鹇、蓝鹇和1个雁形目物种——白鹅雁(A.albifrons)相应序列探讨两种同源序列对于鸟类系统进化发育重建的重要作用。

Great progress in benzene selective hydrogenation to cyclohexene has been made in recent years. So it was very important for research and development of its downstream products.

摘 要：近年来我国在苯选择加氢制取环己烯的研究领域取得了很大的进展，环己烯下游产品的开发研究具有十分重要的意义。

Interannual and decadal variabilities of cloud amount downstream of the Tibetan Plateau are closely related to large-scale circulation changes.

对云量变化的成因分析显示，青藏高原下游地区云量年际及年代际变率与大尺度环流场演变密切相关。

Accordingly, in the near future, the competition that is in downstream telegraphic equipment provider will be more intense, whole presents declivous trend.

因此，未来几年，处于下游的电信设备提供商的竞争将更激烈，整体呈现下坡的趋势。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。