下延

The relationship between transmitter, receiver apex angle, beam divergence, and the value of loss-time delay are simulated by model developed by Luegtten. Energy distributing is elicited in the fixed angles.

该文通过利用Luettgen提出的非视距单散射模型，比较了在不同仰角、光束孔径角情况下，损耗、延时、脉冲半宽展宽的变化特征，并给出了不同传输距离下能量密度的分布情况。

It is pointed out that,for overcoming time-delay infection of teleoperation of space robot and ensuring the stability and transparency of telerobot system in space,developing strategies should be that ①augmented reality technology with multi-apperception and robustness is adopted for configurative,certain and static environments;②the control technology of intelligent independence in slave local system with vision assistant is adopted for non-configurative, uncertain and dynamic environments;and ③intelligent control technology with multi-modes is adopted for multi-states environments.

指出就目前的技术发展水平而言，要能够有效地克服时延以确保空间机器人遥操作稳定性的同时系统具有良好的操作性能，应该采取的策略是：①在结构化的、确定性的和静态环境下，采用具有鲁棒性的多感知增强现实技术；②在非结构化的、不确定性的和动态环境下，采用视觉引导下的从端局部智能自主控制技术；③在多态环境下，采用多模式智能控制技术。

Three types of base asphalt and six SBS were used to produce SBS modified asphalt. The interaction of SBS modified asphalt was discussed in different states between the base asphalt and SBS based on their compositions. Through the traditional tests, such as penetration, soften point and ductility, and US SHRP tests, the results indicated that influences to affect the temperature susceptibility, high and low temperature performance, aging characteristics are base asphalt, SBS types and their dosages. The functions of penetration to viscosity and complex shear modulus G~* to complex dynamic shear viscosity η~* were set up, and then theviscosity-temperature susceptibility of wide temperature span and the calculation method of low temperature viscosity were obtained."Process" evaluation criterions, high grading critical temperature T_ and low grading criticaltemperature T_ , were suggested according to the high and low temperatureperformances of SBS modified asphalt. Using the experience of Repeated Creep and Recovery Test for Binders, a new high-temperature evaluation index,modification rutting factor G~*~(-9) was obtained. The results after RTFO and PAV aging indicated that traditional tests didnt differentiate base asphalt and SBS modified asphalt, but dynamic mechanics temperature spectrum and G*-5 black chart clearly reflected the influence of aging to the SBS modified asphalt. With the IR and GPC tests, the reason of aging to the SBS modified asphalt were due to asphalt phase oxygenated and SBS phase depredated.

论文选择3种油源的基质沥青和6种SBS改性剂制备改性沥青，通过分析基质沥青和SBS改性剂的组成结构特点，得出了不同状态下SBS改性沥青的SBS与基质沥青的相互作用机理；通过针入度、软化点、延度等常规试验以及美国SHRP试验，分析了基质沥青、SBS改性剂类型与剂量对SBS改性沥青的温度敏感性、高低温特性及老化特性的影响；建立了针入度-粘度、复数模量G~*-复数粘度η~*的换算关系，得出了宽温度域的粘温指数VTS和较低温度下粘度的计算方法；通过高低温性能分析提出了&过程&评价参数高温等级温度T_和低温等级温度T_；借鉴重复恢复与蠕变试验研究成果，得到了SBS改性沥青高温评价指标改进型抗车辙因子G~*~(-9)；RTFO和PAV老化后的性能试验结果表明，常规试验难以区分SBS改性沥青与基质沥青的差异，而动态力学温度谱、G~*-δ黑斑图可以反映老化作用对SBS改性沥青的影响，且通过IR试验和GPC试验得出SBS改性沥青老化是沥青相的氧化和SBS的降解共同引起的；通过不同温度下SBS改性沥青混合料的旋转压实SGC试验，根据粘度与剪变率的关系，提出用剪变率60(1／s)测试SBS改性沥青的粘温曲线，并按照0.17±0.02Pa.s和0.28±0.03Pa.s确定施工温度。

The method to configure RED parameters based on network properties is also presented. Simulations show that the modified Random Early Detection algorithm really performs better than the original Random Early Detection algorithm and can work for a much wider range of traffic. Finally, whether the assured service mechanisms i. e. an edge router tags every arriving packet of a TCP flow based service profile and core router drops packets differently at congestion using active queue management scheme is possible to provide a throughput consistent with target rate, is investigated under different network scenarios. Different factors including target rate tagged algorithm, RIO algorithm and TCP congestion control mechanism how to affect the throughput of an assured service TCP flow are examined. Based on a fluid model. we then derive a model of an assured service TCP flow, which is the function of round trip delay, packet loss rate and token bucket parameters. Based on this model, we observe that in some cases it is possible to regulate the token bucket parameters to gain a consistent throughput with the target rate, while in other cases there exist ranges of values of the achieved rate for which the token parameters have no influence. With the latter, some modified TCP congestion control mechanisms to assure TCP throughput are proposed.

最后，在区别服务网络结构内，研究了当前提出的一种边缘路由器根据服务合同标记、分类数据包，结合内部路由器采用主动队列缓冲管理机制区别处理数据包的确信服务机制是否可在不同网络情况下使TCP连接获得同目标速率相一致的、公平的吞吐量问题；指出影响TCP连接获得同目标速率相一致吞吐量的主要因素是目标速率大小、标记算法参数和TCP连接的拥塞控制算法；对此，基于流模型假设，首次推导出一个以端到端时延、数据包丢失率、漏桶参数为变量的确信服务TCP连接吞吐量模型；利用这个模型进行分析，得到主要结论是在一些情况下可通过设置合适的漏桶参数得到同目标速率更一致的吞吐量，而在另一些网络情况下不管如何设置漏桶参数都不能使TCP连接获得同目标速率一致的吞叶量；对于后一些情况，还初步讨论了改进TCP拥塞控制算法来改善TCP连接性能的方法。

Firstly, the SPN model for a single-layered LEO satellite network under half duplex mode is constructed. Then, average time delay is chosen as a key performance index to evaluate the network performance of the constructed SPN model with SPNP 6.0 software. Furthermore, the effects of arrival rate, network load, message number on average time delay are also analyzed.

首先建立了半双工通信模式下LEO单层卫星网络的SPN模型，并选取平均时延作为网络性能评价指标、采用SPNP6.0软件对该SPN模型进行了性能评价，分析了数据包到达速率、网络负载以及消息数等参数对网络平均时延的变化关系。

Adjusted the sequence of replay based on switch ratio n, which meaned, send n multi-data packages and one gene-data package.

通过数学分析和计算机仿真得出结论，在转发速率恰当设置，此方法能够在保持非实时数据包时延可容忍的情况下，可以将多媒体数据包的平均传输时延降低30%~60%。

The marathon affair of four hours and 24 minutes followed a rain delay of four hours and one minute, during which the playing field was pelted with torrential downpours and a tornado warning was issued for the area. No official records are kept on the length of rain delays.

这一场耐力赛花了四小时又24分，一开始又因雨延了四个小时又1分钟，在这期间，球场下起了狂暴的大雨还有龙卷风的警报，并没有官方的记录显示有像这麼久的雨天延后比赛。

The lesson here is that, in general, the pedal should be depressed immediately after striking the note, not before, in order to avoid dissonances.

这里所要学的是，延音踏板要在弹下音之后马上踩下，而不是弹下音之前就踩下。

Without prejudice to any other rights which he may have, whether in rem or in personam, the Tugowner, by himself or his servants or agents or otherwise shall be entitled to exercise a possessory lien upon the Tow in respect of any sum howsoever or whatsoever due to the Tugowner under this Agreement and shall for the purpose of exercising such possessory lien be entitled to take and/or keep possession of the Tow; provided always that the Hirer shall pay to the Tugowner all reasonable costs and expenses howsoever or whatsoever incurred by or on behalf of the Tugowner in exercising or attempting or preparing to exercise such lien and the Tugowner shall be entitled to receive from the Hirer the Tug's Delay Payment at the rate specified in Box 29 for any reasonable delay to the Tug resulting therefore.

在无损于拖轮船东可有的对物或对人的任何其他权利的情况下，对根据本合同应得的任何款项，拖轮船东本人或其工作人员，代理人或其他人员均有权利对被拖物执行留置权，并为了行使上述留置权，有对被拖物进行占有和/或扣留的权利。同时，凡由于拖轮船东或代表拖轮船东执行，或试图准备执行上述留置权而发生的无论何种原因引起的任何性质的全部合理的开支，租船人都须付给拖轮船东，拖轮船东并有权按第29栏规定的延滞费率对拖轮由此产生的合理延误向租船人收取延滞费。

The transmitter updates the modulation mode, chooses the optimal transmission vector adaptively and retransmits data automatically by outdated feedback information.

推导了系统在时延反馈条件下的频谱效率和中断概率的闭合表达式，分析了时延反馈对于系统性能的影响。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。