下层的

When formed, the internal tides travel away from its generation area. Wherever it reaches, it makes the sea water there mixing heavily and the objects exchange up and down, which influences the distribution of ocean biocoenosis and the action and the safety of submarine and other objects in the ocean. Therefore, it's very important to study internal tides both in application and in theory.

内潮向浅海和深海传播，所到之处，海水会发生强烈的垂直混合，使上下层的物质发生交换，从而影响到海洋中生物群种的分布以及水中工程设施、潜艇等的功能及安全，所以，对内潮的研究有着重要的理论和实际意义。

They are also rooted in societal indifference and individual callousness—the desire among those at the top of the social ladder to maintain their wealth and status whatever the cost, as well as the despair and self-destructiveness among those at the bottom of the social ladder.

他们也是由社会冷漠和个人漠不关心引起的——在社会阶层最上层的人为保住他们财富和地位而不择手段的欲望，还有在社会阶层最下层的人的自毁倾向。

It is argued that the Western medicine first impacted Chinese understanding and feeling of their body which are closely linked with their special arrangement and understanding, and then it destroyed the definition of ethics in a traditional Chinese society of acquaintance and brought about a so-called relationship of "clientage" which finally changed China's social structure, whenever it was systematized, cooperating with many other modern institutions.

力求避免仅仅从上层或下层的单一取向观察中国近代变化所带来的局限性。本文认为，西医的进入首先影响到了中国人对身体的认知和感受，这种感受又与中国人对空间安排的认知密不可分，西医的进入破坏了传统中国的熟人社会对人伦关系的界定，而带入了一种称之为"委托制"的关系，这种关系一旦制度化，就与许多现代体制的运作相配合，最终改变了中国的社会结构。

His virility and combativeness were developed by hardening him to blows—thus the role of ritual brawls between groups of boys and of the institution of the krypteia , a nocturnal expedition designed both to terrify the lower classes of slaves and to train the future fighter in ambushes and the ruses of warfare.

他的壮志他进行屡次打击而强化出来的，这就是闹事群体在男孩和该机构krypteia之间所扮演的角色，夜行性的远征计划既要恐吓下层的奴隶又要培训出未来在伏击和诡计的战争中可以利用的战斗机。

About a week after these measures had been taken, one night, as the superintendent of the watch, who had been inspecting the lower dormitory in the Batiment-Neuf, was about to drop his chestnut in the box--this was the means adopted to make sure that the watchmen performed their duties punctually; every hour a chestnut must be dropped into all the boxes nailed to the doors of the dormitories-- a watchman looked through the peep-hole of the dormitory and beheld Brujon sitting on his bed and writing something by the light of the hall-lamp.

大致在采取这些措施以后一星期光景，有个晚上，一个巡夜的狱监，在巡查新大楼下层的宿舍并正要把他的栗子丢进栗子箱时？？这是当时用来保证狱监们严格执行任务的方法，钉在每个宿舍门口的那些箱子里，每一小时都应有一个栗子落进去？？那狱监从宿舍的侦察孔里望见普吕戎正曲腿弯腰地坐在床上，借着墙上的蜡烛光在写什么。

Spanish picaresque novel is one of the early novel forms in the west. It originates in Spain in the middle of the 16th century, whose protagonists usually are rogues or adventurers of low social degree. Adopting the form of an autobiography, it often deals with humorous detail of the adventures of the roguish hero who live by his or her wits in an unpleasant society, involving various social pictures and personages' sketches, relating the waifs' destiny and reflecting the social life state at that time.

西班牙流浪汉小说是西方早期的小说形式之一，产生于16世纪中叶的西班牙，它一般以出身下层的流浪汉为作品的主人公，采用自传体形式，以主人公自述经历为线索，串联社会的各种画面和人物素描，以主人公流浪的经历表现人物的命运，并反映当时的社会生活状况。

The method comprises searching the undermost leaf node corresponding to a key word in a pre-established index tree; acquiring a block corresponding to the leaf node in the pre-stored IP address area of the virtual private network and corresponding index information, wherein the block comprises one or more consecutive IP address area and corresponding index information; acquiring the IP address area to which the key word belongs in the block; and searching the routing list corresponding to the index information according to the indexing information corresponding to the IP address area.

所述方法包括：在预先建立的索引树中查找关键字对应的最下层的叶子节点；在预先存储的虚拟私用网的IP地址区间和对应的索引信息中，获取叶子节点对应的块，该块包括一个或多个连续的IP地址区间和相应的索引信息；在该块内获取关键字所属的IP地址区间；根据该IP地址区间对应的索引信息，找到该索引信息对应的路由表项。所述装置包括：查找模块和获取模块。

Vegetation zones and 10 vegetation types were classified using TWINSPAN and DCA: Bischofia javanica‐Machilus japonica var. kusanoi type on Ficus‐Machilus zone; Engelhardia roxburghiana‐Castanopsis cuspidata var. carlesii type on Machilus‐Castanopsis zone; Rhododendron formosanum type and Pasania kawakamii‐Machilus thunbergii type on Quercus lower zone; Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana—Rhododendron formosanum type, Fagus hayatae type, Symplocos arisanensis‐Illicium anisatum type on Quercus upper zone; Tsuga chinensis var. formosana and Pinus taiwanensis type on Tsuga‐Picea zone; Abies kawakamii type on Abies zone.

经TWINSPAN分析及参考DCA结果，可将植物社会区分为6个植群带10个植群型，分别为榕楠林带的茄冬‐大叶楠型；楠槠林带的黄杞‐长尾尖叶槠型；栎林带下层的台湾杜鹃型、大叶石栎‐猪脚楠型；栎林带上层的台湾扁柏‐台湾杜鹃型、台湾水青冈型及阿里山灰木‐白花八角型；铁杉‐云杉林带的台湾铁杉型、台湾二叶松型；冷杉林带的台湾冷杉型。

Cold water belts between well-mixed and stratified regions are simulated by the model.

模拟结果表明，在层化与混合区之间存在冷水带，它位于潮锋的混合侧，并与表底温度差为1～2℃的等值线位置相吻合，这一冷水带主要是由以下两种机制来维持的：1）锋面产生的截锋面方向上的环流，把位于层化侧下层的低温水卷挟到海表层；2）风和潮共同产生的混合作用。

In order to reduce transportation congestion and make full use of the existing road resources, this thesis establishes a variable-lane road network design bilevel model under tide-like traffic flows, in which transportation management section at the upper level reallocates the lanes of two-way roads to minimize the total system cost, while transportation users at the lower level follow stochastic user equilibrium assignment principle to select travel routes.

4为了合理利用有限的道路资源和缓解交通拥挤，建立了潮汐式交通流条件下可变车道的双向道路网络设计双层规划模型，其中处于上层的交管部门通过确定最优的双向道路的车道分配方案，以达到整个交通网络系统总阻抗最小的目的，而处于下层的交通用户遵循随机用户平衡交通分配准则选择出行路径。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。