下壳

By the dynamic strain response test and its wavelet analysis of the driving axle housing models with and without prefabricated cracks respectively, the feasibility of the crack detection method which is based on the wavelet multiresolution analysis and the modern spectrum estimation is demonstrated.

通过对微型汽车驱动桥壳有、无预制裂纹模型试样在瞬态激励下的动态应变响应试验和小波分析，论证了采用小波多分辨分析和现代谱估计技术，通过对小波分解所得到的各尺度下细节信号的频谱分析，检测结构裂纹故障的可行性。

Stomatal characteristics and its plasticity in leaves of four canopy species, Shorea chinensis, Pometia tomentosa, Anthocephalus chinensis, Calophyllun polyanthum and three middle-layer species, Barringtonia pendula, Garcinia hanburyi, Horsfieldia tetratepala acclimated to different light conditions (8%, 25%, 50% and 100% of full sunlight) for more than one year were surveyed.

对生长在荫棚 3种不同光照条件下和全自然光下的热带雨林 4个冠层种(望天树、绒毛番龙眼、团花、红厚壳)和 3个中层种(玉蕊、藤黄、滇南风吹楠)树苗叶片气孔特征以及它们的可塑性进行了研究。

Under atmospheric pressure, gasifier use waste biomass as fuel, and using air as gasification agent to carried out fluidized combustion, under the control of furnace temperatureto pyrolyse and gasify fuel, also, the fuel would split inside the boiler.

生物质气化炉以废弃生物质为燃料（食用菌菇菇肥、木屑、秸秆、果壳等），用空气作气化剂，在常压下进行流态化燃烧，在控制炉温下使生物质燃料热解气化，同时在炉内裂解。

Derives the formulae for calculating the distortion and stress on the acting surface of flexspline load in the drive process of the harmonic gear drive with three-wave wavegenerator;(2) analyzes and compares the performance of plastic and steel products under light load drive and calculates the probably reached limit of drive ratio for both types of flexsplines under the same load;(3) applies the harmonic gear drive with three-wave wavegenerator to the small-sized multiple-revolution electric device of valves by taking into consideration of the low limit of the drive ratio for the harmonic gear drive with three-wave wavegenerator made of plastics, improves the design on the main drive mechanism of the traditional small-sized multiple-revolution electric device of valves, and validates through examples the feasibility for the harmonic gear drive with three-wave wavegenerator made of plastics to be applied to the small-sized multiple-revolution electric device of valves. Finally the author performs calculations on the two types of the flexsplines of the harmonic gear with three-wave wavegenerator by using the finite element method and analyzes the causes for the errors.

本文根据三波谐波齿轮传动的运动变形特点，采用弹性薄壳的力矩理论，推导了三波谐波齿轮传动柔轮载荷作用面上的变形及应力计算公式；分析比较了轻载传动情况下塑料和钢材的性能，计算了塑料制谐波柔轮和钢制谐波柔轮在相同载荷情况下可能达到的传动比极限；对塑料制及钢制三波谐波齿轮柔轮进行了有限元计算，分析了产生误差的原因；针对三波塑料谐波齿轮传动比极限低的特点，将之运用于小转矩多回转阀门电动装置中，对传统的小型多回转阀门电动装置的主传动机构进行了改良设计，并通过实例验证了三波塑料谐波齿轮传动在小转矩多回转阀门电动装置中应用的可行性。

The division and regeneration of nori cells on solid ...

从某种程度上看固体培养下的再生产物和液体培养下相似，正常的体细胞能再生为正常苗，畸形苗，壳孢子以及较多的细胞团等。

The variation of grain weight under different cultural and environmental treatments was essentially determined by the hull size, and that of grain weight among different specific gravities was essentially determined by grain plumpness, that were found to be consistent in the four varieties.

在不同栽培和环境条件下，谷壳大小是造成处理间粒重差异的主要原因，不同类型品种表现一致；在籽粒不同比重条件下，谷粒充实度高低是造成不同比重等级谷粒千粒重差异的主要原因，不同类型品种表现一致。

Properties of nonlinear buckling deformation of round soleplate with slot structure under concentrated load are studied.

运用MSC.Nastran求解器计算了薄壁圆柱壳在轴向压力作用下的临界载荷、屈曲模态及薄底板在集中载荷作用下的非线性屈曲问题。

Open a spile , start an electric control valve motor when the job,control valve push in cam circular disc lower open up, lotus seed is followed by pressure to damaged shell knife , shell is cut apart thereupon and flesh is parted from the lotus for on causing a device to fall onto the squeezing claw squeezing a wheel under lotus seed classics, in squeezing a wheel rotating.

工作时，打开插板，启动电动机，控制阀在凸轮圆盘的推动下打开，莲子经下引装置落到挤压轮的挤压爪上，在挤压轮转动中莲子被压向破壳刀轨，于是壳被切开并与莲肉分离。关键的时候翻译不出来，大家帮忙先谢谢哈

Open a spile , start an electric motor when the job,control valve push in cam circular disc lower open up, lotus seed is followed by pressure to damaged shell knife , shell is cut apart thereupon and flesh is parted from the lotus for on causing a device to fall onto the squeezing claw squeezing a wheel under lotus seed classics, in squeezing a wheel rotating.

工作时，打开插板，启动电动机，控制阀在凸轮圆盘的推动下打开，莲子经下引装置落到挤压轮的挤压爪上，在挤压轮转动中莲子被压向破壳刀轨，于是壳被切开并与莲肉分离。关键的时候翻译不出来，大家帮忙先谢谢哈

Based upon the ecoanatomical method, leaf anatomical characters of eleven populations of six evergreen species (Cyclobalanopsis glauca, C. myrsinaefolia, C. gracilis, Castanopsis sclerophylla, C. eyrei and Lithocarpus glaber) from the eastern subtropical area of China were analyzed and compared with SPSS, DCA and TWINSPAN. The results are: 1. Although the leaf structures of the eleven populations still belong to the mesophyll type, they all express the trend of xerophilization. 2. There are some differences in leaf anatomical characters among populations, species and genera, which occur as the results of their adaptation to different habitats. 3. Different leaf anatomical characters have different variations among populations, species and genera, of which leaf thickness and palisade tissue thickness (considered as ecological adaptation characters) have greater variation than sponge tissue thickness, lower cuticle thickness and lower epidermis thickness (as systematical evolution characters). 4. The leaves of C. sclerophylla and C. glauca with thicker lamina, palisade tissue and cuticle (a multilayered upper epidermis in C. sclerophylla) are thought to better adapt to their dry habitat. The leaves of C. eyrei with thicker sponge tissue, although characterized by a multlayered upper epidermis, adapt to their humid and warm habitat. The leaves of C. myrsinaefolia and C. gracilis characterized by a thinner lamina, a less palisade tissue and a moderate cuticle thickness adapt to the humid and cool habitat in a middle mountain.

选取亚热带东部替代分布明显的壳斗科6种常绿树种（青冈、小叶青冈、细叶青冈、苦槠、甜槠和石栎）的11个种群叶片进行生态解剖，并用SPSS， DCA和TWINSPAN比较分析，结果表明：①尽管6种11个种群叶的结构仍属中生叶型，但有着不同程度的趋旱适应；②叶的解剖性状在属间、种间和种群间均存在着不同程度的差异，这是它们适应各自生境的结果，青冈和石栎的种内差异较大，反映出它们对环境变化有较强响应能力；③叶片的不同解剖性状在属、种类和种群间的变化并不同步，其中叶片和栅栏组织厚度等性状差异突出，反映它们更易受环境的饰变，是生态适应性状，而海绵组织、下角质膜，特别是下表皮厚度等性状差异较小，显示出这些性状的稳定性，可以认为是系统演化性状；④苦槠、青冈具有较厚的叶片、栅栏组织、角质膜和发达输导和机械组织，苦槠还具有复表皮，表现出对旱化生境的适应；甜槠尽管具有复表皮和较厚的叶片，但这是海绵组织增厚的结果，是对中生生境的适应；小叶青冈和细叶青冈具有较薄的叶片和栅栏组织、角质膜厚度居中等特点，可能是对中山凉湿生境的适应。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。