下前尖

The peak of the bulge accorded with the vertical line through the posterior convexity of superior articular surface of atlas. The superimpose rate of the vertical line with the M line were 48% to left and 65% to right. The surplus existed in l～2mm to lateral of M line. The exit point of screw was the median point of vertical line on the anterior cortex of lateral mass. The superimpose rate of BB line the line linked with the

寰椎后结节中点及上关节突后凸尖下的骨质弧形隆起的顶点可作为寰椎椎弓根螺钉进钉点的准确标志，上关节突后凸尖及横突尖可作为寰椎椎弓根进钉点的大体标志；沿寰椎椎弓根轴线进钉较为安全，内倾17°，仰角变异大，出钉参照前结节顶点；椎动脉沟中外的厚度及进钉点处寰椎后弓的高度是寰椎椎弓根螺钉固定的主要限制性因素。

Furthermore, a biogenesis-based synthesis of CET was developed, which realized the plausible biogenetic transformation by a transannular reductive skeletal rearrangement of cyclic amino enone 45 to key ring skeleton of CET under mild condition directly.

化合物17经Wacker氧化、环化得到重排前体不饱和酮45，45在温和的还原条件下重排得到三尖杉碱五环骨架化合物34，从而实现了三尖杉碱的全合成。第二条路线较前一条步骤更短，合成更方便，收率更高（从二酯化合物8计合成三尖杉碱的总收率可达10％）。

No Ⅲ° atrioventricular conduction block happened, 9 patients developed right bundle branch block, and 2 patients showed junctional rhythm. Two patients with perimembranous extending outlet were repaired because of residual shunt(0.4cm,0.3cm) on the anterosuperior rim of defect. One patient with trivial residual shunt(0.15cm) on the posteroinferior rim of defect was found closed spontaneously six months later. Tricuspid valve was incised in 10 patients of VSD sextending outlet,8 patients vertical to the valve ring,2 patients parallel to the valve ring. Moderate tricuspid valve regurgitation was found in 1 patient, mild in 5 patients, trivial in 4 patients. No one aggravated. One patient complicated with pericardial effusion.

无Ⅲ°房室传导阻滞发生，9例发生右束支传导阻滞，2例结性心律。2例膜周偏流出道型VSD患者因前上缘残余分流分别为0.4cm和0.3cm，再次手术修补；1例后下缘残留细束样分流，直径0.15cm，随访6个月后自愈；10例膜周偏流出道型VSD患者剪开三尖瓣，8例垂直瓣环，2例平行瓣环；1例三尖瓣中度反流，随访无加重；5例轻度反流，4例轻微反流，随访均无加重；1例心包积液；1例再次进入手术室止血。

Methods: The motion of parasternal papillary muscle anterior wall, inferior wall, posterior wall, and lateral wall were detected by 2DE at short axis view of left ventricle before PTCA, 3 d and 1-3 months after PTCA in 33 cases of patients with coronary heart disease, who received PTCA+stent at selected time. Peak systolic velocity of subendocardial, subepicardial and middle layer myocardium, transmural velocity difference of the same segments and Outer lateral mitral valve annulus were also detected at apical 4 chamber view by pulsed wave tissue Doppler imaging.

对33例择期行PTCA+支架术的冠心病患者用HP5500型超声诊断仪，于PTCA术前及术后3d、1-3个月对胸骨旁左心室乳头肌短轴切面的前间壁、下壁、后壁、侧壁行二维超声心动图(2DE)检测各节段的室壁运动情况，用脉冲组织多普勒成像检测上述各节段的内、外膜下及中层心肌的收缩期峰值速度，内外膜下心肌的收缩速度差及心尖四腔观二尖瓣外侧环的收缩期峰值速度。

objectivethe aim of this study was to evaluate the curative effects of the modified fixed reverse twin-block appliance combine edgewise on treatment of adult angle ⅲ anterior crossbite.methodsthe appliance was used on 15 adult subjects with angle ⅲ malocclusion and then compared clinical character and x-ray cephalometry before and after treatment.resultsafter 4 months treatment the appearance and profile were improve evidently, mandible retrusion was to lead molar and canine were angle i,overjet and overbite were normal.

目的：应用改良固定反式双阻板矫治器（twin-block appliance，tba）联合方丝弓技术矫治成人angleⅲ前牙反牙合，为成人前牙反牙合提供新的治疗方法。方法：矫治成人患者15例，进行临床表现及相关硬组织测量。结果：固定反式tba戴用4个月后下颌明显后退。所有患者在未拔牙的情况下前牙反牙合均得到有效治疗，磨牙及尖牙均达到i类关系。但上颌仅为牙及牙槽的代偿性变化。

It was shown that the root elongation was inhibited and the malonaldehyde content in root apices and the antioxidase activities of root apices were increased under Al stress (30 μmol/L), while the effects of Al were significantly alleviated by the addition of Si (1.4 mmol/L). Moreover, both Si added before Al treatment and Si added simultaneously with Al treatment could alleviate these effects. On the other hand, the cultivar of Seca was shown to be more sensitive to Al than other cultivars in the absent of Si, while Al-resistance distinction among the cultivars of stylosanthes turned to be non-significant in the present of Si in the pre-cultured solution or both pre-cultured and Al-treatment solutions.

研究结果表明，在铝(30 μmol/L)胁迫条件下柱花草根伸长受阻、根尖丙二醛含量和抗氧化酶活性显著增加，而硅(1.4 mmol/L)处理增加根中硅的含量而降低了铝对根伸长、MDA含量和抗氧化酶活性的影响，且铝处理前12h供给的硅和前处理溶液及铝溶液中均加硅处理的影响均显著；在不加硅条件下西卡品种的耐铝性显著低于其它品种，而经硅预处理的植株和在预处理及铝处理期间均供应硅的植株的耐铝性不同品种间的差异不显著。

The study sample was composed of 40 female patients with maxillary excess or bimaxillary protrusion. The mean age of patient was 25.9. All patients had undergone the modified Wunderer technique for anterior subapical osteotomy. The postoperative follow-ups were all over 6 months. We studied the relationship between movement of anterior maxillary segment and soft tissue changes over nose and lip areas by the statistics in the hard tissue displacement and soft tissue changes 3 and 6 months postoperatively.

本研究收集以改良式Wunderer's前上颚根尖下截骨术矫治双颚前突或上颚生长过度的病例共40位，皆为女性，平均年龄25.9岁，术后追踪半年以上；分别研究术前与立即术后，立即术后与术后三个月，以及术前与术后六个月的硬组织方位改变，鼻唇区域软组织的方位改变，以及硬组织与软组织间方位改变的对应关系。

After follow-up of 4 to 18 months,atrial flutter recurred in one patient and ablated successfully by another procedure.

左前斜45度影像定位下，在三尖瓣环5～6点处划线消融三尖瓣环与下腔静脉开口之峡部。

Results: Before the fixed bridge was applied, under vertical load, the high-stress region was near around the apical of periodontal ligament with mainly compressive stresses. Under oblique load, the high-stress region was near around the cervical of periodontal ligament with both tensile and compressive stresses. After the fixed prosthodontics, stress and strain distributions were similar with that when the fixed bridge was not applied. But the maximum stress, strain and displacement increased apparently. The stresses in exterior surface of periodontal ligament were larger than that of interior surface; this character of periodontal ligament under vertical load was more obvious than that under oblique load.

结果：固定桥修复前，垂直载荷下，基牙牙周膜的应力以压应力为主，应力集中在根尖；斜向载荷下，基牙牙周膜的应力主要是拉应力和压应力，应力集中在唇、舌颈缘；固定桥修复后，基牙牙周膜的应力和应变分布规律与修复前相似，但最大应力、应变值都明显增大；牙周膜内表面的应力大于牙周膜外表面；垂直载荷时，牙周膜内、外表面的应力差异更为显著。

The posterior length of the dental arch changed significantly (P.001). The maxillary and mandibular arch shapes didn't change before and after treatment.

结果：上、下牙弓宽度在矫治前、后有显著差异(P.05)；上、下牙弓长度治疗前、后尖牙长度变化不明显，而第一磨牙长度具有显著性差异(P.001)；治疗前、后，上、下牙弓形状无明显变化。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。