下冠层

The raw data was processed by using axial, coronal and double oblique multi-planar reformation; Images obtained were graded in terms of quality with a 5-point scale(5=excellent, 4=good, 3=fair, 2=poor, and 1=nondiagnostic). In grading image quality at axial MPR, The radiologic specialists focused on the subarcuate fossa, tendon of tensor tympani, facial recess, vestibular aqueduct and pyramidal eminence, In grading image quality at coronal MPR, attention was given to the scute, crista transversa, fenestra cochleae, lateral malleal ligament and snake eyes signature of cranial nerve, In the grading of the image quality at double oblique MPR, the radiologic specialists concentrated on the malleus, incus, stirrup bone, upper bony semicircular and aquaeductus fallopii, and then to implement statistical analysis. In order to choose the minimum tube current values and the maximum pitch that can satisfy the diagnosis request, image quality of axial, coronal and double oblique reformation images was compared with different tube current groups. 15 ears of volunteers were used to test the validity with the scanning parameter. Subsequently noise, MTF and dose length product were measured by phantoms in different tube current and pitch, the parameters obtained were compared and taken into statistics analysis.

扫描模式使用临床常用的颞骨螺旋扫描方式：管电压120 kV，准直宽度20×0.6 mm，视野200 mm，重建矩阵512×512，旋转时间1 s/r，重建层厚0.6 mm，重建间隔0.3 mm，分别改变管电流(380、300、200、160、120和80 mA)和螺距(0.8、1.0和1.2)进行扫描和重建，然后对颞骨进行横断面、冠状面和双斜面多平面重组，于重组后的横断层面图像上选取弓形下窝、鼓膜张肌腱、面神经隐窝、前庭导水管和锥隆起5个解剖结构，冠状面重组图像上选取盾板、横嵴、蜗窗、面神经的蛇眼征和锤骨外侧韧带5个解剖结构，双斜面重组图像上选取锤骨、砧骨、镫骨、上骨半规管和面神经管5个解剖结构，在双盲的情况下由放射学专家分别对各管电流和螺距下扫描的重组图像进行评分，随后进行统计学处理，从中筛选出满足诊断要求的最低管电流值和最大的螺距，分别采用患者25例(15耳)用该管电流值和螺距验证其可行性；然后利用模体分别测试各管电流和螺距下的图像的空间分辨率、噪声及其剂量长度积，并对测试所得参数数值进行比较和统计学处理。

The seedlings could be regenerated naturally under forest canopy and are considered as shade-tolerance species. For exploration the adaptability strategy of Chamaecyparis obtusa var.

小苗可於冠层孔隙下下种更新成苗，而被视为耐荫性树种，然对於已更新成长为幼木阶段的台湾扁柏林木，其对现有林分环境的生长调适能力的暸解尚有限。

The study aimed to investigate horizontal variations in photosynthetic photon flux density and transmittances under a Taiwan red false cypress (Chamaecyparis formosensis Matsum) canopy as the basis for ecological and silvicultural researches.

本研究主要目的为探讨红桧人工林内光合光子流密度之空间变异，以及不同冠层密度下透光率之变化，作为生态学及育林学相关研究之基础。

Lithologic character of Eogene syste is interbedded sandstone and mudstone primarily, including the thin layer oil shale, Neocene- Quaternary system is set of rivers deposits. Based on this, through the reaserch of ateral correlation and distribution characteristics of every structural layers show that: Paleozoic synthem overall thickness of relatively stable.The residual thickness of Mesozoic synthem is difference in the horizontal, Residues in the horizontal thickness of greater difference, to the greatest thickness achieve to 4500m. Eogene syste has obviously fault depression basin deposition characteristic, the thickness of many sags achieve to 3000 m ,from Neocene, the stratum crosswise mop tended to be stable.

在此基础上，通过对各构造层横向对比以及展布特征的研究表明，古生界构造层整体厚度相对稳定，冷武-奥陶系残留厚度在1200m左右，石炭-二叠系残留厚度在800m左右；中生界构造层残留厚度在横向上差异较大，最大厚度达到4500m，其中，下-中三叠统仅发育于南部小部分地区，最大厚度在1000m以上，侏罗系-下白垩统整体具有南厚北薄的展布特征，南部冠北洼陷厚度最大，达到3500m；新生界古近系具明显的断陷式盆地沉积特征，多个洼陷厚度在3000m以上，新近纪以后地层横向展布趋于稳定。

Effects of different spacing form、density on structure of population、light distribution and yield of Phaseolus vulgaris were studied under the high yielding condition.

研究了在高产条件下，不同行距配置、密度对奶花芸豆群体田间小气候变化、冠层结构、光能分布与利用特性及产量构成的影响。

The geometry of canopy and interception of photosynthetically active radiation were measured.

通过实测和理论计算，结果表明：高原地区冬小麦叶片比平原地区的更趋于直立，具有比平原地区低的消光系数，能够容纳较大的绿叶面积和有效穗数；当冠层对PAR的截获率趋于饱和时，高原地区麦田可容纳的最大绿叶面积可达8.6，是平原地区的1.4倍左右；开花到成熟期间的叶日积大约可达平原地区的2倍，绿叶面积持续时间长；整个生长季期间，高原地区的PAR总量是平原地区的1.7倍，单位绿叶面积所截获的PAR是平原地区的1.3倍，又由于其叶片的趋于直立，故从上到下叶片受光比平原地区更均匀和充分，群体光合潜力高，对PAR的利用率更高。

On the basis of summarizing the application of the Penman-Monteith model in forest underlying surface, the evaluating method and significance of many parameters were expounded. The calculating methods of the key parameters were discussed including net radiation, aerodynamics resistance and canopy layer stomatic resistance, some problems were analyzed and some suggestions were given for practical application of this model in forest evaportranspiration research.

中文摘要： Penman—Monteith公式是在蒸散研究中应用最多，也是变化形式最多的方法，该文在对目前Penman—Monteith模型在森林下垫面中应用总结的基础上，阐述了其中众多参数的意义和常用的确定方法，着重探讨了影响该模型精确性的关键因子净辐射、空气动力学阻力和冠层阻力的计算方法，并分析了Penman—Monteith模型在实际应用中存在的一些问题，提出了该模型在今后森林蒸散研究中发展的思路。

The result indicates that the average specific conductivity of young \%Pinus tabulaeformis\% manifest dissimilar variation trends in different relative ramification class, crown layer, ramification direction and so on.

结果表明，油松幼树在相对分枝级、冠层、分枝方向等不同的情况下，比导率表现出不同的变化趋势。

The changes of discrepancy between canopy and air temperature of wheat under differ-ent soil moistures from jointing to heading stage were analyzed.

试验研究了冬小麦在不同土壤水分条件下拔节～抽穗期冠层温度-气温差变化规律及其随作物生长发育期的变化状况。

Experiments is located at Yucheng Comprehensive Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuchen County, Shandong Province (Latitude: 36°57′N, Longitude: 116°36′E, and Altitude: 20m) in 2000～2001 and 2001～2002 winter wheat growing seasons. Mainly observed factors under sprinkler irrigation and surface irrigation conditions include (1) dry and wet bulb temperature and wind speed at four heights, radiation, soil temperature and water surface evaporation of 20cm standard pan on the top of canopy;(2) winter wheat tillering, stem height, leaf area, biomass and yield; and (3) soil water content and winter wheat evapotranspiration.

实验在中国科学院禹城综合试验站进行，主要观测内容包括：（1）喷灌和地面灌溉条件下近地面不同高度处的温度和湿度、辐射、地温和冠层顶部水面蒸发量等农田小气候要素；（2）叶面积、生物量和产量等作物生长要素；（3）土壤水分变化过程、农田蒸发过程和冬小麦耗水量等要素。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。