下侧

Methods:①Make clinical scale of the magnitude of the tongue and the palate to the group of the OSAHS and the normal control②Successive scanning of the upper airway at the states of the normal inspiration and under the Müller action on both normal controls and the OSAHS patients with multi-slice spiral computed tomography. The scope of scanning was from the roof of nasopharynx to the level of hypohyal, bonding multiplate volume reconstruction,using the image workstation to survey the cross section area, sagittal diameter, coronal diameter on the soft tissue thickness in the lateral pharyngealwall and posterior wall of the pharynx, and the postzone of soft palate, uvula palatine ,tongue and epiglottis.

采用高分辨率多排CT(multi-slice spiral computed tomography，MSCT)对正常人和OSAHS患者的上呼吸道分别在平静吸气状态下以及Müller动作下进行连续扫描，扫描范围从鼻咽顶部至舌骨下缘，图象进行三维重建，应用图像工作站测量正常人和OSAHS患者的软腭后区(retropalatal region，RP)、悬雍垂后区(uvula region，UV)、舌后区(retroglossal region，RG)和会厌后区(epiglottal region，EPG)气道横截面积(cross section area，CSA)、矢状径、冠状径、咽侧壁和咽后壁软组织厚度以及舌体大小(包括舌体长度、舌体最宽处的宽度、中纵切面面积，舌背高度)。

Methods The authors selected 15 patients whose primary breast volume was less than 70ml. During augmentation mammaplasty on these patients, the inframammary creases were reconstructed by lifting and fixation under the pectorales major.

选原乳房体积单侧小于70ml的15例求术者，在隆胸的同时，合理设计胸大肌下分离间隙，利用上提、固定乳房下分组织的方法重建乳房下皱壁。

Methods The au- thors selected 15 patients whose primary breast volume was less than 70ml.During augmentation mammaplasty on these patients,the inframammary creases were reconstructed by lifting and fixation un- der the pectorales major.

方法选原乳房体积单侧小于70ml 的15例求术者，在隆胸的同时，合理设计胸大肌下分离间隙，利用上提、固定乳房下分组织的方法重建乳房下皱壁。

The dissertation mainly consists of two parts:1. The Reaction Chemistry of Alkynes under Palladium Catalysis Part 1 studies the reaction α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds with alkenylpalladium intermediate generated by nucleopalladation, and discovered 1 the Pd-catalyzed tandem addition reaction of halides, alkynes and α,β-unsaturated carbonyls,2 the four-component tandem addition reaction of halides, alkynes and α,β-unsaturated carbonyls, 3 the tandem intramolecular oxypalladation-conjugate additionreaction of alkynoic acids with α,β-enals. These new reactions provide notonly efficient highly stereoselective methods for the synthesis of γ,δ-unsaturated,polyunsaturated carbonyl compounds and γ-lactonic aldehydes, but also thebasic transformations for a number of C-C bond formation reactions which can be usedto design synthesis of many acyclic, cyclic or polycyclic compounds.

本论文的主要工作分为两个部分：一、钯催化下炔烃的反应化学在本小组前人工作的基础上，我们详细研究了炔烃亲核钯化产生的烯基钯中间体与α，β-不饱和羰基化合物的反应，发现两价钯催化下卤离子-炔烃-α，β-不饱和醛酮的串联加成反应、卤离子-炔烃-α，β-不饱和醛酮的西组分串联加成及炔酸分子内氧钯化-串联Michael型加成反应；由此发展了γ，δ-不饱和醛酮、多不饱和羰基化合物和带有醛酮基侧链的γ-丁内酯衍生物的高立体选择性合成方法，这一过量卤离子存在下的烯基钯对α，β-不饱和羰基化合物共轭加成反应的发现，为大量碳-碳键形成反应的实现提供了基础，使我们能够从这一基本反应出发，设计和开发多种分子内、分子间的碳碳成键反应，以好的立体、区域选择性组建开链、环状及多环类型的化合物。

Methods: The motion of parasternal papillary muscle anterior wall, inferior wall, posterior wall, and lateral wall were detected by 2DE at short axis view of left ventricle before PTCA, 3 d and 1-3 months after PTCA in 33 cases of patients with coronary heart disease, who received PTCA+stent at selected time. Peak systolic velocity of subendocardial, subepicardial and middle layer myocardium, transmural velocity difference of the same segments and Outer lateral mitral valve annulus were also detected at apical 4 chamber view by pulsed wave tissue Doppler imaging.

对33例择期行PTCA+支架术的冠心病患者用HP5500型超声诊断仪，于PTCA术前及术后3d、1-3个月对胸骨旁左心室乳头肌短轴切面的前间壁、下壁、后壁、侧壁行二维超声心动图(2DE)检测各节段的室壁运动情况，用脉冲组织多普勒成像检测上述各节段的内、外膜下及中层心肌的收缩期峰值速度，内外膜下心肌的收缩速度差及心尖四腔观二尖瓣外侧环的收缩期峰值速度。

The straight portion of the meridian from the heart system goes upward to the lung, then it runs out from the axilla, it goes along the posterior border of the medial aspect of the upper arm behind the Lung Meridian and Pericardium Meridian, it runs downward the medial aspect ot the elblow and descends along the posterior border of the medial aspect of the forearm to the pisiform region proximal to the palm and enters the palm, it follows the medial aspect of the little finger to its tip.

它的直行脉：从心系（即心与它脏相联系的系带）上行至肺，向下出于腑下，沿上臂内侧后缘，走手太阴，手厥阴经之后，下向肘内，沿前臂内侧后缘（灵道、通里、阴郄、神门），到掌后豌豆骨部进入掌内后边，沿小指的桡侧出于末端，接手太阳小肠经。《灵枢·经脉》：是动则病：嗌（1）干，心痛，渴而欲饮，是为臂厥（2）。是主心所生病者：目黄、胁痛，臑臂内后廉痛、厥，掌中热。

Ten paired suprafascial and subfascial flaps were harvested, the radial arteries were cannulated, and methylene blue dye was injected into the radial artery followed by a barium sulfate/gelatin mixture.

12具新鲜尸体上取下24个桡侧前臂皮瓣。10对取下的筋膜上和筋膜下皮瓣，桡动脉被插入导管，蓝色亚甲基染料和硫酸钡混合后被注入血管内，对皮瓣行数字化摄影，用软件来测量血管分布区。

Methods:One hundred and six disarticulated human verebrae(C3～C7)were evaluated with computed tomography to determine vertebral bone mineral density.Pedicle screws and lateral mass screws were inserted to the left and right at random.Screws were loaded either axially strictly longitudinal to failure or in a coronal plane strictly perpendicular to the logitudinal axis,the strengths and displacements were recorded.

方法解离C3～C7骨块120个随机分为两组，测量每个椎体骨的松质骨密度，同一节段椎体随机配对置入椎弓根和侧块螺钉，在位移控制下分别测量位移控制下的平均最大拔出阻力和压力控制下的切向弹性与永久位移。

The reservoir rock types in the region of interest are grain limestone, algal limestone, cryptite, siltstone, muddy limestone and mudstone. The thesis identified as a result of changes in the deposition causing the heterogeneity in plane, and then the geological oil reserves have been calculated in accordance with the areal heterogeneity.3、Based on the data of core analysis, bore logging, array induction imaging log and FMI, porosity and permeability model were built using regression analysis. Through testing 45 rock samples, a, b, m, n value were obtained and used to calculate single-layer oil saturation value using the Archie formula. According to the theory of laterolog and inductolog, resistivity ratio and cross plot were used to identification effective thickness. Effective thickness was identified delicately in 103 wells. Based on the over work, active porosity and oil saturation was calculated accurately.4、According to observation of 100 pieces of the thin slices, cast thin slices and 383m core in three wells, the chief diagenesis in this area were compaction, cementation, denudation and cataclasis. Cementation and denudation were universally influenced active porosity this area. The intergranular pores, residual pores and secondary pores were formed in thin carbonated reservoir of lacustrine facies.5、The influence of reservoir heterogeneity to reservoir calculation was analyzed systematically using actual data. And the conclusions were as follows:①The principal reason leading to oil distribution unequal is interior structural feature of reservoir in structural hydrocarbon reservoir.

确定了由于沉积微相的变化而导致的平面非均质性，进而在平面上按照平面非均质单元计算了石油地质储量。3、利用岩心分析、常规测井曲线与阵列感应、成像测井资料相结合，分岩性利用回归分析方法建立了储层孔隙度、渗透率模型；通过对45块岩样进行岩电试验，获取了a、b、m、n值，利用阿尔奇公式计算了各单层含油饱和度值；根据侧向电阻率和感应电阻率串并联特性，利用电阻率比值法与常规交会图法相结合重建了有效厚度图版，对全区103口井目的层段进行了有效厚度精细划分，通过以上工作，准确求取了储量计算单元内有效厚度参数、有效孔隙度参数以及含油饱和度参数。4、通过对研究区3口井383m岩心观察，100余块薄片、铸体薄片镜下鉴定得出：油泉子油田上、下油砂山组储层主要成岩作用是压实作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用和破裂作用，其中溶蚀作用、胶结作用最普遍，这两种作用对有效孔隙度影响最大，以上成岩作用形成了原生粒间孔、粒间残余孔和次生孔隙(如粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔、铸模孔、晶间孔等)为主的薄层湖相碳酸盐岩储层。5、利用实际资料，系统分析了油藏非均质对储量计算的影响，认为：①对于构造油气藏而言，油气藏构造及断裂特征是造成油气分布不均的首要原因，储集条件相同的条件下，构造高部位有利于储存油气，油气在垂向的重力分异体现了油气藏内部构造的不均一特征。

The shear layer vortices dominate in the initial portion of the jet, which are a result of the K-H instability. The crossflow encounters an adverse pressure gradient ahead of the jet and separates to form horseshoe vortices under the pressure downstream, and they develop into the wake. The wake vorticity comes into being in the actions of an adverse pressure gradient and a wall-normal component of vorticity, which originates from the wall boundary and is entrained into the jet. The shear layer vortices encounter adverse pressure gradients in the lee of the jet and break down, leading to the formation of the CVP and the CVP is the most important characteristic of the jet in crossflow.

文中指出：剪切层涡源于射流与横流之间的K-H不稳定性；马蹄形涡的产生是由于射流喷口上游迎风侧的壁面边界层内存在逆压梯度，使流动发生了分离，在下游逆压梯度的挤压作用下，形成了马蹄形涡，马蹄形涡向下游发展，进入尾迹区；在逆压梯度和法向涡生成项的共同作用下产生了尾迹涡，尾迹涡源于壁面边界层，止于射流，并将部分涡量向上输运至射流内部的CVP；CVP是横向紊动射流的重要特征，剪切层涡破裂后，在逆压梯度的作用下CVP形成。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。