上管

In small intestine, AKP activity was mainly distributed over four areas of epithelial cells: cytomembrane, cytoplasm, microvillus and the carbohydrate-riched cell coat. In liver, it was mainly located in canaliculi. In kidney, it mainly existed in such zones as brush border and memebrane of epithelial cells of proximal tubule, and cracks between kinds of tubules.

AKP活性在小肠主要分布在小肠绒毛上皮细胞的细胞膜、细胞浆、微绒毛和微绒毛表面的糖衣上，在肝主要分布在胆小管，在肾主要分布在皮质肾小管，尤以近曲小管的刷状缘、近曲小管上皮细胞膜和各种管状结构之间的腔隙内分布较多。

Conclusion1 Critically ill patients with indwelling catheters were of the high positive rate of microorganisms,and microorganism spectrum was of special properties;BF formed mainly inside the catheter,the occurrence rate of BF inside the catheter was high and the formation time was short;Changes on catheters and the result of microorganisms was positively correlated with the BF formation.2 Indwelling catheter time was the independent risk factors for the BF formatiom, while age、APACHEⅡscore、sex、urine sugar and the types of antibiotic usage were the potential risk factors for the BF formation;Nurses should perfect the catheter measures for critical ill patients,emphasis on the assessment of risk factors of BF formation,and implement special care in high-risk patients.3 In the early stage of BF formation,irrigation could play the role of eradicative BF effectively;While later,it couldn't,but it can delay the speed of BF formation and maturation;In the choice of washing methods,injection type washing method is superior to infusion.

结论1重危患者留置尿管微生物培养阳性率高，且微生物菌谱具有特殊性；重危患者尿管表面BF主要在尿管内壁形成；内壁BF的发生率高，形成时间短；肉眼观察尿管表面改变情况以及微生物鉴定结果与BF形成呈正相关。2尿管留置时间是重危患者留置尿管表面BF形成的独立危险因素；年龄、APAcHEⅡ评分、性别、尿糖定性以及抗生素使用种类是其可能的危险因素；护理过程中应完善重危患者尿管护理措施，注重对BF危险因素的评估，并对高危患者实施重点护理。3 BF形成早期，冲洗能发挥较好的清除作用；BF形成后期，冲洗无法彻底清除尿管表面BF，但冲洗能延缓BF形成与成熟的速度；在冲洗方式的选择上，注洗式冲洗法对尿管BF的清除效果优于输注式冲洗法。

The composition of the device comprises a substrate and a cover plate. A cross-form groove is disposed on the base material of the substrate; a disperse phase fluid inlet pipe and a fluid outlet pipe are respectively inlaid in the groove to form a coaxial sleeve structure; a continuous phase fluid inlet pipe is embedded in a groove on the two sides and connected with the coaxial sleeve; and the cover plate is hermitically attached to the upper surface of the substrate and seals the groove.

其组成包括基片和盖片：所述基片的基材上开有一个十字型凹槽；分散相流体入口管和流体出口管分别嵌入到凹槽内形成同轴套管结构；连续相流体入口管嵌入到两侧的凹槽内与所述同轴套管相连；所述盖片紧密贴合在所述基片的上表面上将所述凹槽进行密封。

About 48%(90/194) were below 29 years of age. Ninety-nine of 194 cases had either radiotherapy alone or supplementary treatment with radiotherapy following surgery. We analyzed multiple prognostic factors. The factors of importance included postoperative radiotherapy; female in glioblastoma multiforme; the primary tumor dose above 5000 rads and/or whole brain irradiation in malignant astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme; the primary tumor dose above 4500 rads in ependymoma, medulloblastoma and oligodendroglioma; and spinal axis irradiation above 2000 rads in ependymoma and medulloblastoma that produced a better prognosis than in other groups.

男与女之比例为2.7比1，年龄分布自1至81岁，平均年龄33.3±19.3岁，中值年龄为34岁，29岁以下占48%(90/194)，其中99例单独或手术后辅以放射腺治疗，分析同种脑瘤的预后因素，其中多形神经胶母细胞瘤有手术后放射线治疗或女性，多形神经胶母细胞瘤合并星细胞瘤原发肿瘤剂量5000雷得以上或曾全颅腔照射，神经管胚细胞瘤，间胶质母细胞瘤，及室管膜瘤原发肿瘤剂量4500雷得以上，室管膜瘤及神经管胚细胞瘤有脊轴照射2000雷得以上预后均佳，且统计上有显著的差异。

Results: The angle that adjusting the reference line on the transverse plane is 32. 85°±6.76°, on the coronal plane is 14.15°±9.02°. The facial canal appears "ㄟ" on double oblique imaging geniculate ganglion, tympanic segment, post lap segment, mastoid segment were showed clearly. The achievement ratio is 100%. The segment displaying on double oblique imaging is more than transverse plane, coronal plane and sagittal plane.

结果：面神经管双斜位图像需要在横断位参考图像上旋转参考线的角度为32.85°±6.76°，在冠状位参考图像上旋转参考线的角度为14.15°±9.02°；在面神经管双斜位图像上，面神经管表现为&ㄟ&形，由前向后同时显示出膝状神经节、鼓室段、后膝部和乳突段；面神经管双斜位成像成功率为100%，面神经管行程的显示程度大于横断位、冠状位和矢状位。

Option One: a multi-polar set of ordinary water pipe installation balancing valve hole ① in charge of water pipe line and the 20-hole HVAC balancing valves installed ② Install a balancing valve in the shaft exit ③ air box installed in each balancing valve ④ In each of the tenants on the installation of balancing valve outlet Option Two: Using the Dynamic Balance valve ① fan coil unit installed in the end of the balancing valve ② air-condition the box at the end of the balancing valve is installed After the economic comparison, the final adoption of the balance valve program ① air box end of the installation of balancing valve and the automatic control valve ② retail and office space within the District, a combination of two or three fan coil balancing valves and automatic control valves, each fan coil outside the district office for personal use of a balance valve and automatic control valve 3, balance valve application summary ① long pipeline DRS installation of large multi-level system price higher than the end of the normal balance valve device a dynamic balance valve.

方案一：多极设置普通水管井间安装平衡阀①在主管线与20个暖通水管井间安装平衡阀②在竖井出口位置安装平衡阀③在每个空调箱上安装平衡阀④在每个租户的出水口上安装平衡阀方案二：使用动态平衡阀①在末端装置风机盘管上安装平衡阀②在末端装置空调箱上安装平衡阀经过经济比较，最终采纳的平衡阀方案是①空调箱末端安装平衡阀及自控阀②零售和内区写字楼两或三个风机盘管合用一个平衡阀及自控阀，外区写字楼每个风机盘管自用一个平衡阀及自控阀 3、平衡阀应用总结①长管线异程大系统多级安装普通平衡阀价格高于末端设备一级动态平衡阀。

Common transparent quartz tube SiO2 more than 99.9% purity, geometry, chemical stability, thermal stability, resistance to thermal denaturation and anti-crystallization properties of the fine, optical transmittance above 93%; from hydroxyl in hydroxyl tube below 10ppm, after vacuum from hydroxyl, hydroxy-up to 5ppm below apply to high-pressure mercury lamp, sodium lamp, metal halide lamp, such as low-hydroxy products; white pipe, used mainly for heating tube, heating tube, far infrared control the manufacture, milky quartz pearl quartz tube possession of new technology, the management side as if the surface of pearls, all aspects of performance than ordinary white tube better; filter tube to filter out ultraviolet UV band in the harmful wavelengths of 190-320nm ultraviolet light source applied to environmental protection manufacturing; no ozone UV filter tube and pipe the contrary, through the ultraviolet wavelength around 253.7nm, there is no ozone UV lamp main material, widely used in medical equipment, water treatment, food hygiene, such as sterilization; quartz casing diameter 8-120mm in between, has a single opening, double opening round, flat-top shape and widen the mouth of necking, flanging, sanding and other processing, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, good light transmission and moisture-proof, explosion-proof characteristics such as widely used in aquarium thermostat, disinfection equipment, heating pipes, water treatment, metal halide lamp, such as product manufacturing and environmental protection, health, chemical and other fields; quartz Clamshell specifications 8-180mm, the shape according to the customer requirements, the bubble shell can take capillary has to carry out the exhaust, high temperature, light transmission is good, mainly for JC, JD, H1-H7, the stage lights and high-pressure mercury lamp, sodium lamp, metal halide lamp, such as product manufacturing; quartz water jacket mainly used in printing and packaging processing industry ---- UV light-curing, UV light curing is a very reliable and can be used to replace hot air dryers and other drying technique of curing technology, which in the printing and packaging of the processing industry has been widely.

普通透明石英管SiO2纯度达99.9%以上，几何尺寸、化学稳定性、热稳定性、抗热变性和抗析晶性能优良，光学透过率达93%以上；脱羟管羟基在10ppm以下，经过真空脱羟，羟基可达5ppm以下，适用于高压汞灯、钠灯、金卤灯等低羟基产品；乳白管，主要用于发热管、加热管、远红外管的制造，珠光石英管乳白石英管之新工艺，管面好象珍珠的表面，各方面性能比普通乳白管更优；滤紫外线管能够滤除紫外光谱波段中对人体有害的190-320nm波长的紫外线，适用于环保光源的制造；无臭氧管与滤紫外线管相反，可透过253.7nm左右波长的紫外线，是无臭氧紫外线杀菌灯的主要材料，广泛用于医疗器械、水处理、食品卫生等杀菌；石英套管直径范围在8-120mm之间，有单开口、双开口、圆头、平头等外形和扩口、缩口、翻边、磨砂等加工，具有耐高温、耐腐蚀、透光性好及防潮、防爆等特点，广泛使用于水族恒温器、消毒设备、加热管、水处理、金卤灯等产品的制造和环保、卫生、化工等领域；石英泡壳规格Φ8-180mm，形状根据客户要求，泡壳上可以接有毛细管，可进行排气，耐高温，透光性好，主要用于JC、JD、H1-H7、舞台灯和高压汞灯、钠灯、金卤灯等产品的制造；石英水套主要用于印刷和包装加工工业---- UV光固化， UV光固化是一种十分可靠的、可取代热空气干燥机和其他干燥技术的固化技术，它在印刷和包装加工工业已经得到广泛应用。

Down pull effects during settlement result in the loads acting on top of projecting conduit are larger than the self weight of the soil above the conduit. On the other hand, for ditch conduits, the pressures on them are smaller than the self weight of the soil above them.

埋管受力与结构及其两侧土体的刚度有很大关系，上埋式管道，其两侧覆土变形相对大于管顶覆土，沉降中产生向下的拖曳效应，致使管顶受到相对其上土体自重更大的荷载，而沟埋式管道则与此相反，管顶受荷小于其上土体自重。

Material is one-time 30~50ml injector 1 pair, one-time glove 1 pair, rubber cap 1 (one-time infusion implement the rubber cap) that go up, the 100~150ml of nose raise fluid that already had had is filled inside clean container, temperature 38~40 ℃. 2 methods little patient takes right skew slope, handlers is abluent both hands wears a glove, open one-time injector, the 50ml injector piston after deciding gastric canal is inside the stomach is abandoned, the tit joins the stomach is in charge of, nose raise fluid is slow enter injector inside, raise gastric canal to come fore-tooth 10~20cm height, have the aid of of fluid of raise letting bazoo is gravitational slowly flow into a stomach inside, warm boiled water rinses conduit after the end, cover with rubber cap finally on the stomach provides terminal. 3 advantages (1) operation goes to the lavatory simply.

为减少误吸的发生，将传统的鼻饲法进行了改良，经临床应用效果满足，现报告如下。1材料一次性30~50ml注射器1副，一次性手套1副，橡皮帽1只(一次性输液器上的橡皮帽)，清洁容器内盛已备好的鼻饲液100~150ml，温度38~40℃。2方法患儿取右侧斜坡位，操作者洗净双手戴上手套，打开一次性注射器，确定胃管在胃内后将50ml注射器的活塞弃去，乳头连接胃管，鼻饲液缓慢倒入注射器内，提高胃管至门齿10~20cm高度，让鼻饲液借助重力缓缓流入胃内，结束后温开水冲洗管道，最后用橡皮帽套上胃管末端。3优点(1)操作简单方便。

objective to evaluate clinical effect of the handling protaper nickel-titanium rotary instruments in preparation of canals of posterior teeth.methods 96teeth with pulpitis or periapical periodontitis were instrumented by handling protaper rotary instruments using step-down technique,and by k files using step-back technique for control.all teeth were obturated with lateral condensation methods.the efficiency of preparation was analyzed with ra-diographs before and after operation.results no transportation,apical blockage and ledge were found in test.the technique could keep canals smooth.there were two ledge,one instrument fracture and nine transportation in control.the operative time was shorter and post treatment pain seldom occurred in handling protaper group.conclusion the handling protaper niti rotary instruments can prepare the canals effectively and safety.after the preparation,the canals could be easily washed,sterilized and filled.it is an efficient instrumentation method for posterior teeth's canals and be used widely.

目的 评价手用protaper预备后牙根管的临床效果。方法选取患有牙髓炎和根尖周炎的后牙96例，随机分成试验组和对照组各48例，试验组用手用protaper多锥度镍钛旋转器械逐步伸入法预备根管，对照组用k锉，逐步后退法预备根管，两组均用侧向加压充填法充填根管，根据治疗前后的x线片，评价后牙根管预备效果。结果试验组无根管偏移、根尖阻塞、台阶，且根管壁平滑流畅，无器械折断等并发症发生。对照组有2例台阶形成，器械折断1例，根管偏移9例。试验组操作时间短且术后疼痛轻微。结论应用手用protaper预备后牙根管快速、安全，成形效果好，易于根管冲洗消毒及填充，可视为临床上预备后牙根管的有效方法。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。