上神经

A nerve net controller have been designed on the basis of the hardware design of the AC servo system and system model. The controller include two forward nerve net with three layers . One is designed to identify the AC servo system model and another is to control. The controller use special learning algorithm which to control system at the same time and improve its constringency pace through introducing new MFBP algorithm. The intelligent control algorithmic is programmed using C++ language after the controller have been designed .

在该交流伺服系统硬件设计和系统数学建模的基础上，设计了神经网络自适应控制器，这个控制器包括两个三层的前馈神经网络，一个神经网络用于非线性系统的辨识，另一个神经网络作为控制器，此控制器采取边学习边控制的工作方式，并采用一种新型的MFBP算法实现了控制算法的快速性，在控制器设计完成的基础上，利用C++语言具体实现智能控制算法的编写。

The recognition of this entity is of great importance to both pathologists and clinicians because atypical cellular neurofibroma is clever at masquerading both histologically and cytologically as a sarcoma; therefore, a precise diagnosis of this variant is essential because of the differences in treatment and clinical behavior between benignancy and malignancy.

对於病理医师和临床医师来说，区分出这个纤维神经瘤的变异型非常重要，因为异生细胞纤维神经瘤在组识学上和细胞学上都非常类似肉瘤，因此正确的诊断出这个纤维神经瘤的变异型是必要的，因为临床上对於良性和恶性肿瘤的治疗和肿瘤行为表现是不同的。

The recognition of this entity is of great importance to both pathologists and clinicians because atypical cellular neurofibroma is clever at masquerading both histologically and cytologically as a sarcoma therefore , a precise diagnosis of this variant is essential because of the differences in treatment and clinical behavior between benignancy and malignancy .

对於病理医师和临床医师来说，区分出这个纤维神经瘤的变异型非常重要，因为异生细胞纤维神经瘤在组织学上和细胞学上都非常类似肉瘤，因此正确的诊断出这个纤维神经瘤的变异型是必要的，因为临床上对於良性和恶性肿瘤的治疗和肿瘤行为表现是不同的。

The proximal and distal nerve stumps were sutured l cm apart, in an end-to-side fashion like ＂π＂, to the epneurium windows, opened by removing the epineural sheath on the intact tibial nerve trunk with 1 mm long.

方法将大鼠右侧腓总神经在胭窝处剪除约5mm后，将断裂的腓总神经近端和远端分别就近与同侧胫神经上的外膜窗施行端侧吻合，吻合口间距约10mm；动物存活24个月后，将手术侧近端吻合口以上胫神经剪断，再将辣根过氧化物酶注入远段腓总神经干内，72h后取材并经四甲基联苯胺显色显示脊髓L3-6节段神经元和L4、L5脊神经节细胞，同时取腓总神经远段行电镜观察神经纤维再生状态。

In recent years, rTMS has also been used as a therapeutic tool in a variety of neuropsychiatry disorders such as Parkinson disease and depression that were conceptualized in term of a dysfuction of neuronal circuits and neurons at a cellular and molecular level.

近年来rTMS更是在治疗一系列的神经精神疾患如帕金森病、抑郁等上取得了较好的效果，但其治疗机制尚不明了，而且这些神经精神疾病又被认为是神经环路和神经元在细胞及分子水平上的功能失调，因此探讨rTMS所致的磁刺激对中枢神经系统中神经元基因活性、神经介质或/和调质、结构变化等的调控作用有着重要的意义。

RESULTS: HIF-1α positively expressed at stratum neuroepitheliale retinae and purpurogenous membrane in the embryonic phase. Additionally, HIF-1α still positively expressed at stratum neuroepitheliale retinae and purpurogenous membrane, especially in ganglionic cells and inner plexiform layer, in early development.

结果：胚胎期视网膜神经上皮层及色素上皮层均有低氧诱导因子1α阳性表达，生后发育早期视网膜神经上皮层及色素上皮层也可见低氧诱导因子1α阳性表达，以神经节细胞、内网层更明显，随着发育进展，其阳性表达主要位于视网膜节细胞层。

Several investigators have determined that placing the electrode parallel rather than perpendicular to the target nerve substantially increases the size of the lesion, thereby reducing the likelihood the treatment will miss or only partially coagulate the target nerve.234,235 After a literature review and cadaveric study, Lau et al.234 concluded the ideal electrode position is across the lateral neck of the superior articular process rather than the groove formed at the angle of the superior articular and transverse processes, as was used in most studies.159,160Other investigators have found the maximal lesion size to be reached within 60 s of lesion time,235–237 independent of whether the system is temperature or voltage controlled.238 Studies conducted in human myocardium have determined that irrigation fluid has either no effect or a slightly beneficial effect on lesion size.239 Hence, the use of LA to prevent procedure-related pain or steroid to reduce the incidence of neuritis184 should theoretically have no adverse effects on the efficacy of radiofrequency denervation.

一些研究者认为，将点击平行的置于目标神经比将其垂直置于目标神经增加了消融的范围，因而减少损伤可能使目标神经不被或部分被消融。Lau等回顾了文献中对尸体的研究，总结出理想的电极放置位置为上关节突颈部外侧而非常采用的上关节突与横突形成的沟。其他学者研究发现，不论系统是温度控制或电压控制，其最大的损伤范围都在60秒内达到。在心肌灌注的研究中，灌注液多损伤范围造成轻微或不造成损伤。因此，使用LA预防过程相关性疼痛或类固醇防止神经炎发生时，需理论上确保对射频消融效果无副作用。

The results showed that the densities of NPY and CGRP-IR nerve fibers in atrioventricular valves of SHR were equal to that of the normal control Wistar-Kyotorats ,but the value of R of NPY-IR nerves,i.e.the ratio of the number of chordae tendineaes in wh...

但SHR二尖瓣及三尖瓣含NPY神经的R值，即心壁和乳头肌两个来源的含肽神经相延续所在的腱索数目与本片瓣膜上的总腱索数的比值，大于WKY大鼠；而SHR心瓣膜含CGRP神经的R值和WKY大鼠无差异。本文对SHR心瓣膜上含NPY和含CGRP神经的变化作了讨论。

When aborted rats were injected with 10 IU/g IFN-γin group D, compared with group A, expression of TNF-αinmmuopositive substance in the nucleus pre-opticus medialis, nucleus supra-opticus, nucleus pre-opticus mango celluaris, nucleus periventricularis hypothalami, nucleus paraventricularis hypothalami, nucleus arcuatus hypothalami were highly increased, conversely, the ones in the nucleus pre-opticus suprachiasmaticus, neurohypophsis, adenohypophysis, ovary were obviously decreased, the change in the uterus was not remarkable; Compared with group B, expression of TNF-αin the arcuatus hypothalami was obviously enhanced, while in the nucleus pre-opticus suprachiasmaticus, nucleus pre-opticus mango celluaris, nucleus periventricularis hypothalami, nucleus paraventricularis hypothalami, nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami, nucleus dorsomedialis hypothalami, neurohypophsis, pars intermedia, ovary, the results were on the contrary, the uterus had no significantly variation; Compared with group C, expression of TNF-αin the nucleus pre-opticus medialis, nucleus supra-opticus, nucleus paraventricularis hypothalami, nucleus arcuatus hypothalami, adenohypophysis and pars intermedia had an obviously risen trend, however, the variation in the nucleus pre-opticus suprachiasmaticus, nucleus periventricularis hypothalami, neurohypophsis, pars intermedia, follicle and corpus luteum was completely opposite, uterus had no obviously change.

外源腹腔注射10 IU/g IFN-γ后，同A组相比：D组TNF-α免疫阳性产物在下丘脑视前内侧核、视上核、视前大细胞核、室周核、室旁核、弓状核显著增高，在视交叉上核显著降低，在其它核团较A组无显著差异，在神经垂体、垂体前叶、卵巢中阳性产物表达均较A组显著降低，在子宫中的表达较A组变化不明显；同B组相比：D组TNF-α免疫阳性产物在弓状核显著增高，在视交叉上核、视前大细胞核、室周核、室旁核、腹内侧核、背内侧核、神经垂体、垂体中间部、卵巢各部阳性物质表达均显著降低，在子宫表达变化不显著；同C组相比：D组下丘脑视前内侧核、视上核、室旁核、弓状核、垂体前叶与中间部均显著增高，在视交叉上核、室周核、神经垂体、卵泡、黄体中均显著降低，子宫中表达变化不明显。

The quantity of CD3+ cells in the EdNSC, AdNSC of cloning goattransplantation group and control group had no statistics difference(P＞0.05) at acute and chronic period.Overall, in our study, We got the conclusions as follow: 1,The EdNSC, AdNSCof cloning goat and the AdNSC of the non-cloning goat were successful obtained;EdNSC growed faster than AdNSC in the same cell culture method. 2,The braincontusion and laceration model of cloning goats were successful established by freefalling of 50 gram of steel ball accelerate strike on the goat brain from 100cm height.3, EdNSC and AdNSC transplantation both had obvious therapeutic effect on braincontusion and laceration of cloning goats; The therapeutic effect of EdNSCtransplantation was better. 4, Allograft of stem cells has acute and chronicimmunological rejection and autografting of stem cells has no acute and chronicimmunological rejection.

在相同的条件下，EdNSC体外培养速度比成AdNSC快。2对羊脑上薛氏沟周围运动皮层区使用50g×100 cm力度作自由落体加速撞击，可产生观察指标明确且存活率高的羊脑挫裂伤模型，有望广泛用于神经干细胞移植及药物等治疗的实验研究。3胚胎神经干细胞及成体神经干细胞移植治疗脑挫裂伤后均有较明显的治疗效果；二者相比较而言胚胎神经干细胞稍好于成体神经干细胞。4中枢神经系统异体神经干细胞移植存在着明显的免疫排斥反应，而自体神经干细胞移植基本无免疫排斥反应

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。