上神经

Using lineage marking by direct gfp knock-in andCre-recombinase mediated lineage tracing, we proide eidence that Sox1+ neuroepithelium gies rise to MSCs in part through a neural crest intermediate stage.

借助GFP基因敲入的标记技术和Cre-recombinase 的示踪方法，他们获得相关证据表明部分Sox1+神经上皮在神经嵴发育中期生发了MSC。

Methods A total of 105 later periods cancer sufferer who had intractable upper abdominal pain were included, in which 67 accompanied with extensive retroperitoneal lymph nodes and celiac plexus involvement fusing masses. Ethanol was injected through neurolytic celiac plexus block with the needle tip positioned into masses fused by lymph nodes.

105例晚期癌症患者，67例伴有后腹膜淋巴结广泛肿大并包绕神经、血管，均有顽固性上腹痛，经CT导引穿入隔脚前及后腹膜肿大淋巴结内行两侧腹腔神经丛无水乙醇阻滞术。

This effect may be closely related to the up-regulation of the BDNF signal pathways of hippocampus, therefore promotion of the neural neurotrophy and plasticity.

CTN-T在大鼠慢性应激模型上具有抗抑郁作用，其作用机制可能与上调海马BDNF相关的信号传导通路活性，改善神经营养和神经可塑性有关。

METHODS: A dose-response relationship of 8-OH-DPAT, spontaneousphrenic nerve activity and a nociceptive C-fiber reflexwere established simultaneously in an in situ perfused, nonanesthetized,rat brainstem-spinal cord preparation. Fentanyl was administered in situ to investigate the interaction with 8-OH-DPAT on phrenicnerve activity and nociceptive CFR.

在准备好的原位灌注，未麻醉的大鼠脑干-脊髓上同时建立8-OH-DPAT 的量效关系，自发膈神经活动和疼痛 C -纤维反射原位给予芬太尼观察其与8-OH-DPAT 对膈神经活动和疼痛 C -纤维反射的相互影响。

Methods:①Conducted time,amplitude and NCV of motor evoked potentials at ulnar nerves 5 cm above and below the elbow(total 10 cm)were detected in 42 patients with CuTS in the early stage,and the results were compared with those of 30 healthy persons as the control,to locate the actual wedge position;②To measure the orthodromic nerves sensory conduc- tion velocityof ulnar ne...

①对42例早期CuTS患者的肘部上、下各5cm(共10cm)运动诱发动作电位传导时间、波幅进行测定，计算出运动神经传导速度，并与30例正常对照者的检测结果比较，确认肘管内嵌压部位；②对尺神经进行顺向感觉传导速度测定；③对前臂肌与手内肌进行针电极肌电图检测，帮助判定尺神经损害。

Some of the neuroeconomics topics we are studying at Caltech include: Why people find it difficult to attach dollar prices to goods that are not traded (like environmental harm, health, and safety); whether having too many choices actually makes people less happy with what they own; thinking strategically about what other people will do, when you are trying to outguess them or cooperate with them; how people behave when they fear economic unknowns (like starting small business or investing in countries with unstable political systems); deception in bargaining; the neural foundations of intrinsic motivation for working hard, like intellectual curiosity; and moods and investor sentiment in stock markets.

目前我们在加州理工学院从事神经经济学研究的课题项目包括：为什麽人们认为给不能用以交换的商品(如环境损害、健康、安全)定价格是困难的；面对太多的选择是否使人们竟然对自己拥有的现状感觉不甚愉快；当你试图智算他人或与他人合作时，从策略上考虑他们将做什麽；当人们担忧经济不可预测时（如：开创小企业，或投资于政治体系不稳定的国家），他们将采取什麽样的行为；讨价还价的骗术；努力工作的内在动机的神经基础；心态和投资者对股票市场的情绪，等等。

In the study, we established the animal model of diabetic ED successfully. Modern medical methods such as routine lightscopy, pathology, transmission electroscopy, scanning electroscopy, fluorospectrophotometer and radio-immunity were employed. From the aspects of pathomorphism, cellular supermicrostucture and neurocrine, we observed the mixture's effect on status of the whole animal model and penial erection, the fast plasma glucose, protein non-enzyme gycosylation, nitric oxide synthase , testosterone. In contrast with control groups, the mixture could apparently slow down the corpus cavernosum penial, vascular, neural pathologic progression of the diabetic rats and had a better result than diabetic pill, invigorating yang and restoring normal capsule and amino guanidine.

通过实验研究，成功建立了糖尿病性阴茎勃起功能障碍动物模型，利用常规光镜病理、透射电镜、扫描电镜、荧光分光光度计、放射免疫法等现代医学研究方法，从病理形态学、细胞超微结构、神经内分泌学等方面，观察了降糖起萎合剂对模型动物整体状态和阴茎勃起情况、空腹血糖水平、蛋白非酶糖基化、一氧化氮合酶、睾酮等实验指标的影响，与对照组比较提示降糖起萎合剂能明显延缓大鼠基于DM基础上的阴茎海绵体及血管、神经病变的病理进程，其疗效优于消渴丸、壮阳复春灵胶囊及氨基胍。

Previous studies have identified that understanding other's mind engages a neural circuit consisting of the medial prefrontal cortex, temporoparietal junction, superior temporal sulcus, temporal pole, and precuneus/posterior cingulated cortex. However, due to the limitation of experimental paradigms and neuroimaging data analysis approach, the exact neurocognitive mechanisms that underlie the understanding of others' belief remain unclear.

尽管前人的研究已发现内侧前额叶、颞顶联合皮层、后扣带回/楔前叶以及颞上沟等脑区参与他人信念理解，但是，由于实验范式本身和脑成像数据分析方法的局限性，过去的研究工作没有提出准确的认知神经机制来解释相关脑区组成的神经网络如何协同工作、完成视角转换以保证正确理解他人的信念。

At this level, the upward projecting signals to higher-located centres and signals that eliciting spinal reflexes are subjected to complex modulatory effects coming from the descending fibers from supraspinal structures and propriospinal neurons through releasing some neuroactive substances, including neurotransmitters and neuromodulalors.

在这里，来自脊髓上结构的下行纤维和脊髓本身的局部神经元通过释放各种神经活性物质，包括神经递质和调质，对痛信号向高位中枢的上行传递和引起脊髓局部反射的过程，起着复杂的调制作用。

Pterion is superior to the zygomatic arch and is a H-sharped suture on the lateral aspect of the skull between: 1.frontal bone; 2.parietal bone; 3.temporal bone; 4.sphenoid.

Hamerus 桡神经紧贴沟中经过，此段骨折，易损伤桡神经。是重要的体表标志。Hip bone Iliac crest两侧髂嵴最高点的连线，平对第四腰椎脊突，临床上腰穿多用此法定位。此处用英文解释。

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。