上神经

Furthermore, abnormal morphology, shrinkage and reduced density of dendritic spines and defects in LTP were observed in brains of the patients suffering from mental retardation and neurodegenerative diseases; many mutant genes found from these patients encode component proteins of signal transduction for neuronal plasticity. These studies on synaptic plasticity would certainly promote making the effective prevention and treatment procedures for mental and neurodegenerative diseases.

此外，在精神迟滞性疾病和神经退行性疾病患者脑内记录到异常的LTP，并发现神经元的树突棘数量减少，形态上产生畸变或萎缩，同时发现，产生突变的基因大多编码调节突触可塑性的信号通路蛋白，故突触可塑性研究也将促进精神和神经疾病的预防和治疗。

Another carries out input fuzzy quantificat and grading quantificat in the same time, deduces using Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy algorithm, and introduces fuzzy algorithm into weight training of CMAC. It has the characteristics of less quantificat grade and high accuracy of function approximability. It shows good effectivity used for Wiener model identifying. By syncretizing MVL, linear neuron, fuzzy control and CMAC, this paper gives a kind of FCMAC nonlinear control system with the ability of self-learning in line.

将模糊控制和小脑模型神经网络有机的结合在一起，提出了两种模糊小脑模型神经网络，一种是在CMAC基础上进行输出模糊插值，可减小非样本点误差，提高精度和训练速度；一种是对输入进行分级量化的同时进行模糊量化，利用Takagi-Sugeno模糊算法进行推理，并将模糊算法引入CMAC的权值训练，具有输入量化级数少、函数逼近精度高等特点，用于Wiener模型辨识效果好。

On the basis of analysis of existing problems in application of common comprehensive optimization models, the characteristics of optimization are combined with the principle of Artificial Neural Network organically. The ANN analysis situs structure is established and the learning algorism for the ANN is designed. The methods of generating training samples and alternative optimization are put forward.

在分析水利水电工程常用综合优选模型应用中存在问题的基础上，将综合优选问题的特点和人工神经网络原理有机结合，建立了方案综合优选的人工神经网络拓扑结构；设计了相应的网络学习算法；提出了生成训练样本和方案优选方法。

A rain attenuation model based on artificial neural network is proposed to deal with the problem in this paper.

本文针对现有预测模型存在原理上的误差这一问题，将人工神经网络应用于雨衰减的预测中，建立了基于人工神经网络的雨衰减模型。

Currently nerve autograft is still the main method to bridge neural defects in clinic.

目前临床上还是用自体神经移植作为桥接神经缺损的方法。

Chapter 4, the author first presents an ordered weighted Euclid averaging operator, and then studies the relationship between the OWEA operator and the OWA operator in detail.

第五章首先介绍了BP神经网络基本原理及其算法，然后在此基础上给出了基于BP神经网络的交互式赋权法。

On the basis of sensitivity analyses using the PROSAIL model, the present study demonstrates an approach that uses a neural network based on image classification incorporated in PROSAIL for accurate retrieval of LAI. By including the soil reflectance index in the original PROSAIL model to take the place of soil background reflectance parameters that are difficult to determine, specific neural networks are constructed corresponding to individual types of vegetation cover.

在PROSAIL模型敏感性分析的基础上提出了一种基于影像分类的神经网络反演方法，引进了土壤反射指数用于替代原模型中难以确定的土壤背景反射参数，分别针对不同植被类型建立各自的神经网络，对经过大气纠正后的Landsat ETM+影像进行了模拟实验并同野外实测LAI数据进行比较。

Based on the initial parameters that have been determined in the first step, the structure of a fuzzy neural network is optimized by using a genetic algorithm with the decimal coding scheme, and the parameters are optimized with the binary coding scheme.

在给定初始参数基础上，利用基于十进制编码的遗传算法实现模糊神经网络的结构优化，用基于二进制编码的遗传算法实现模糊神经网络的参数优化。

2B8a was weakly reactive to neutrophils (23.72%) and negative for T cells, NK, DC, RBC and Plt. The antibody reacted to all 3 marrow CD34+ cells with an average positive rate of 39.33% while it was negative for G-CSF-mobilized CD34+ peripheral blood stem/progenitor cells (PBSC, 1.25%). Cell line analysis showed that the antibody notably reacted to three out of 4 cell lines (Raji, SMS-SB, Nalm-6 and Nall-1) with the positive rates of 98.78%, 98.61%, 94.93% respectively and weakly to one of them with 5.68% in B lineage cell lines and monoblastic cell line (U937, 67.78%) while it was only weakly positive or negative for other myeloid leukemia cell lines including Meg01 (33.40%), HL-60 (29.70%),K562 (28.19%), KG1a (16.23 %) and HEL92.1.7 (8.02%). Among 4 T lineage leukemia,5 neuroblastoma and 1 colon cancer cell lines tested, only Molt-3 was found weakly positive (31.40%) for 2B8a, while the remaining 3 T cell lines (Molt4, JM and CCRF-CEM), 5 neuroblastoma cell lines (LA-N1, KCNR, BE, SK-N-SH, SK-N-AS) and the colon cancer cell line (HR8348) tested were negative.

结果表明： 2B8a抗原在外周血B细胞上表达（3/3例，平均阳性细胞数为26.29 ％），而在T淋巴细胞和NK细胞上不表达（0/3例）；在粒细胞和单核细胞上阳性表达均为2/3例，平均阳性细胞数分别是23.72 ％和59.84 ％；在DC细胞、红细胞和血小板上均不表达（0/3例）。2B8a抗原在骨髓CD34＋细胞上的阳性表达是3/3例，平均阳性细胞数39.33 ％，而在G-CSF动员的外周血CD34+细胞上的阳性表达仅1/3例，平均阳性细胞数为1.25 ％。2B8a抗原在B系细胞系Raji、SMS-SB、Nalm-6和Nall-1上的平均阳性细胞数分别为98.78 ％、98.61 ％、94.93 ％和5.68 ％；在T系细胞系Molt-3上的平均阳性细胞数为31.40 ％，而在Molt-4、JM和CCRF-CEM 细胞上不表达；在髓系细胞系U937、Meg-01、HL-60、K562、KG1a和HEL92.1.7上的平均阳性细胞数分别为67.78 ％、33.40 ％、29.70 ％、28.19 ％、16.23 ％和8.02 ％；在神经母细胞瘤细胞系SK-N-SH、KCNR、BE、LAN-1和SK-N-AS细胞以及结肠癌细胞系HR8348细胞上均不表达，而在羊膜细胞系FL细胞上呈一定的阳性表达，平均阳性细胞数为45.03％。

Cell line analysis showed that the antibody notably reacted to three out of 4 cell lines (Raji, SMS-SB, Nalm-6 and Nall-1) with the positive rates of 98.78%, 98.61%, 94.93% respectively and weakly to one of them with 5.68% in B lineage cell lines and monoblastic cell line (U937, 67.78%) while it was only weakly positive or negative for other myeloid leukemia cell lines including Meg01 (33.40%), HL-60 (29.70%),K562 (28.19%), KG1a (16.23 %) and HEL92.1.7 (8.02%). Among 4 T lineage leukemia,5 neuroblastoma and 1 colon cancer cell lines tested, only Molt-3 was found weakly positive (31.40%) for 2B8a, while the remaining 3 T cell lines (Molt4, JM and CCRF-CEM), 5 neuroblastoma cell lines (LA-N1, KCNR, BE, SK-N-SH, SK-N-AS) and the colon cancer cell line (HR8348) tested were negative.

结果表明： 2B8a抗原在外周血B细胞上表达（3/3例，平均阳性细胞数为26.29 ％），而在T淋巴细胞和NK细胞上不表达（0/3例）；在粒细胞和单核细胞上阳性表达均为2/3例，平均阳性细胞数分别是23.72 ％和59.84 ％；在DC细胞、红细胞和血小板上均不表达（0/3例）。2B8a抗原在骨髓CD34＋细胞上的阳性表达是3/3例，平均阳性细胞数39.33 ％，而在G-CSF动员的外周血CD34 细胞上的阳性表达仅1/3例，平均阳性细胞数为1.25 ％。2B8a抗原在B系细胞系Raji、SMS-SB、Nalm-6和Nall-1上的平均阳性细胞数分别为98.78 ％、98.61 ％、94.93 ％和5.68 ％；在T系细胞系Molt-3上的平均阳性细胞数为31.40 ％，而在Molt-4、JM和CCRF-CEM 细胞上不表达；在髓系细胞系U937、Meg-01、HL-60、K562、KG1a和HEL92.1.7上的平均阳性细胞数分别为67.78 ％、33.40 ％、29.70 ％、28.19 ％、16.23 ％和8.02 ％；在神经母细胞瘤细胞系SK-N-SH、KCNR、BE、LAN-1和SK-N-AS细胞以及结肠癌细胞系HR8348细胞上均不表达，而在羊膜细胞系FL细胞上呈一定的阳性表达，平均阳性细胞数为45.03％。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。