上神经

Results: The numbers of Bombesin positive pulmonary cells, the lamina propria S-l00 protein, neuron-specific enolase positive nerve fibers, IgE positive cells, mast cells and IgE positive mast cells significantly increased in bronchiectasis. The changes of pulmonary endocrine cells, nerve fibers and IgE positive cells were more significantly in hyperplastic BALT areas. The S-100 and NSE were found in lymphoid tissue and BALT. A close contact was found between mast cells and the S-100 positive nerve fibers. An IgE positive outer zone was found on MC surface. Mast cells and IgE positive cells were seen in the bronchial epithelium and alveolar septa.

结果：支气管扩张症中，支气管上皮蛙皮素阳性细胞、固有膜S-100蛋白和神经特异性烯醇化酶阳性神经纤维、IgE阳性细胞、MC和IgE阳性MC均显著增多，且在支气管相关淋巴组织增生的区域上述肺内分泌细胞、神经纤维和IgE阳性细胞增多尤为显著，S-100蛋白和NSE阳性神经纤维分布於弥散淋巴组织和BALT中，MC与S-100蛋白阳性神经纤维紧密接触，MC表面有IgE阳性环状带，MC和IgE阳性细胞出现在支气管上皮间和肺泡壁。

Recently, it is proved that SP is also involved in pain modulation, acupuncture analgesia and immunoin- hibition. However, the role of CGRP in them is unclear Therefore, the dy- namic changes of CGRP-, SP-like immunoreactivity and expression ofα- CGRP,β-CGRP mRNAs in dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord in the arthritic rats were observed by using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques combined with behavioral tests, respectively. Subsequently, the effects of this peoptide on the develoment of polyarthritis were investigated by intrthecal injections of CGRP and its antagonist in the rats. In addtion, GAL is a novel neuropeptide which coexists with CGRP and SP, but it may play a different role in the primary sensory system. Thus, we also observed the changes of GAL and GAL mRNA in DRG neurons and the spinal cord. The results were as follows

为此本文拟在大鼠佐剂性关节炎模型上，结合行为学测定、用免疫组织化学、原位核酸分子杂交技术观察脊髓背角及DRG中CGRP、SP、α-CGRP mRNA、β-CGRPmRNA的动态变化及电针的影响，此外，用鞘内和外周注射CGRP的工具药探讨了CGRP在佐剂性关节炎发生发展中的可能作用；甘丙肽（Galanin，GAL）也是新近发现的一个神经肽，并与CGRP和SP共存于DRG及初级传入末梢中，在神经损伤模型中脊髓CGRP、SP减少，GAL则明显增加，显示GAL与CGRP和SP的作用可能不同，因此在佐剂性关节炎模型上也同时观察了GAL和GAL mRNA的变化，实验结果如下

In a magazine piece,"The Neuromantics"(1986; reprinted in Science Fiction in the Real World coll 1990), Norman Spinrad argued cogently that the "romance" component of Gibson's triple-punning title NEUROMANCER ("neuro" as in nervous system;"necromancer";"new romancer") is basic to the cyberpunk form.

在一篇刊登在杂志上名为《神经空想家》(1986)上文章中，诺曼·斯平拉德颇为自信地指出：吉布森的小说《神经浪游者》，书名有三个意思（"neuro"意指神经系统；"necromancer"，死尸漫游者；"new romancer"，新空想家），其书的"浪漫"是赛博朋克形式的基本要素之一。

A Multi-Species Cooperative PSO algorithm is developed using the ideas of species dividing in the bionomical world. The algorithm is shown to have guaranteed convergence to the global optimum. Furthermore, the training strategies of RBF network structures and weights based on the MCPSO aigorithm is proposed. Simulation results show that the algorithm is effective in such fields as chaotic time-sequence forecasting, system identification, speech signal processing and etc.

在分析基本微粒群算法和协同微粒群算法特点的基础上，借鉴生态学中的种群划分思想，设计出一种多种群协同进化微粒群算法，并分析了该算法的收敛性能；在分析径向基函数神经网络结构的基础上，提出了基于多种群协同进化微粒群算法的径向基函数神经网络结构和权值优化设计策略，并在混沌序列预测、系统辨识、语音信号处理等应用仿真实验中验证了算法的有效性。

Methods: Neuroepithelial stem cells derived from the embryonic neural tube of GFP transgenic mice were cultured and depurated in free serum medium containing B27, bFGF and EGF, and then they were directionally transplanted into the striatum of rats.

将GFP转基因鼠的胚胎神经上皮干细胞置于无血清培养基内纯化扩增，用巢蛋白免疫组织化学染色鉴定神经干细胞，将扩增后的含GFP基因的神经干细胞在立体定位仪下，定向移植到大鼠的纹状体内。

G.H.Parker reasoned that if, for example, a flatfish's left eye migrated when the right optic nerve was on top, there would be a twisting of nervers, which might be mechanically disadvantageous. For starry flounders, then, the left-eyed variety would be selected against, since in a starry flounder the left optic nerve is uppermost.

Parker论证道，比如，当比目鱼的右眼视觉神经位于顶部时，如果它的左眼要转移向上，神经就会发生扭曲，这从机械运动角度看会产生不便；而对于箭齿鲽鱼来说，由于它是左眼视觉神经在上，所以右眼上移的左眼变种就不可取了。

To solve the problem, this animal experimentation was designed as following: The maternal sural nerve as an allograft was connected with the upper trunk of the brachial plexus of the healthy side by end-to-side neurorrhaphy, with-the other stump was sutured with the terminal branches of musculocutaneous nerve of the affected side by end-to-end neurorrhaphy.

为解决以上难题，本实验设计了切取母体腓肠神经作为异体神经移植体，与健侧臂丛上干行端侧吻合，并移位于患侧肌皮神经终末支的手术方法。

When a muscle-relaxant drug is used, the danger of stretching a nerve or a group of nerves is increased.

当应用肌松弛药后，神经或神经丛受到牵拉的危险性将增加，图1—3显示因上胶不正确体位导致臂丛神经受到牵拉。

Studies in neuropsychopharmacology and molecular neurobiology indicate that neurotransmitters and its receptors play important roles in alcohol abuse and addiction, and post-receptor signal transduction pathways, including cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate-protein kinase A, phosphoinositide, Ca(superscript 2+)-calmodulin, phospholipase D and tyrosine kinase Fyn signaling cascade.

神经精神药理学和神经分子生物学研究表明，酒精滥用和成瘾不仅与中枢神经系统的神经递质及其相关的受体有关，而且，受体后的信号转导通路参与了酒精依赖的形成过程。其中包括环磷酸腺苷-蛋白激酶A、磷脂酰肌醇、Ca(上标 2+)-钙调蛋白、磷脂酶D以及酪氨酸激酶Fyn等信号途径。

According to the study result of the recognizers based on Hidden Markova Model and on distance classification respectively,in this paper we introduce two handwriting recognition systems based on neural network ensemble,the comparison neural network recognition system and the permutation neural network recognition system.

国家自然科学基金项目（40776044）；上海市自然科学基金（08ZR1404600）马婉婕，硕士，主研领域：人工智能，图像处理在研究基于隐马尔可夫模型的识别器和基于距离分类器的识别器的识别结果基础上，提出两种基于集成神经网络的手写识别系统：比较神经网络识别系统和全排列神经网络识别系统。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐